Chapter 13 HW

Zander Chavez · 27問 · 2年前

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問題一覧

The iron-containing protein that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood is:

hemoglobin.

Select all that apply Which of the following are components of blood?

Platelets, Leukocytes, Erythrocytes

Cell fragments that clump together to form a blood clot are called:

thrombocytes.

Select all that apply Functions of red blood cells include:

oxygen transport from lungs to tissues., carbon dioxide transport from tissues to lungs.

Select all that apply Which of the following situations may cause anemia?

Decrease in red blood cell production., Significant blood loss., Decrease in hemoglobin production.

Select all that apply Which of the following are transported by hemoglobin?

Oxygen, Carbon dioxide

The multi-step process the human body employs to stop blood loss is called

hemostasis.

White blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and plasma are the four main components of:

blood.

In addition to the vitamin K from our diet, vitamin K is also obtained from

bacteria in our intestines.

Thrombocytes are necessary for:

blood clotting.

Infants are given an injection of Vitamin K at birth because

their intestines lack enough bacteria to produce Vitamin K.

Which of the following types of cells transports oxygen and carbon dioxide through the bloodstream?

Erythrocytes

Blood loss, destruction of red blood cells, a decrease in red blood cell production, or a decrease in hemoglobin production could lead to:

anemia.

Which of the following MyPlate food groups provides the most vitamin K?

Vegetables

Hemostasis describes body processes that

stop blood loss.

A deficiency of ______ results in megaloblastic anemia because of its role in DNA synthesis.

folate

Chronic use of antibiotics can affect blood health because

they destroy microorganisms in the large intestine that synthesize vitamin K.

Which vitamin is given as an injection to infants at birth due to the inability of the bacteria in the intestines to produce enough?

Vitamin K

A folate deficiency during pregnancy increases the risk for birth defects because folate

is needed for the proper development of the neural tube in the fetus.

The highest folate content may be obtained from eating

fresh fruits and vegetables.

Select all that apply Identify the sources of vitamin K.

Green, leafy vegetables, Plant oils

Select all that apply To meet the daily requirements for folate, a person might include which foods in his or her diet?

green leafy vegetables, enriched cereals

Which B vitamin is important in DNA synthesis?

Folate

Due to its potency, a UL has been set for

folic acid only.

The stomach produces the intrinsic factor that is necessary in order to absorb which vitamin?

Vitamin B-12

Neural tube defects may result from a deficiency of ______ during pregnancy.

folate

______ is required for formation of the myelin sheath that insulates nerve cells.

Vitamin B-12

Folate is a very fragile vitamin that is easily destroyed by heating or exposure to oxygen.

True

Lack of intrinsic factor or stomach acid may lead to a deficiency of ______despite adequate dietary intakes of this nutrient.

vitamin B-12

Which of the following MyPlate food groups has the highest nutrient density for folate?

Vegetables

Vitamin B-12 is found naturally in foods of ______ origin.

animal

The UL for folate refers only to folic acid because

the folate that occurs naturally in foods has limited absorption.

The primary function of iron is to

aid in oxygen transportation.

What substance produced by the digestive system is necessary in order to absorb Vitamin B-12?

Intrinsic factor

Which of the following minerals is the most common deficiency in the world?

iron

Vitamin B-12 is important for neurological health because it

is required for formation of myelin.

Ben is a 56-year-old man who takes acid-reducing medications to treat a stomach ulcer. At his yearly check-up, he reports unusual fatigue, cold hands and feet, and difficulty concentrating on tasks at work. He most likely has a deficiency of:

iron.

Mary is experiencing all the symptoms of a vitamin B-12 deficiency even though she is consuming a diet high in vitamin B-12. What might be the cause of her deficiency symptoms?

A lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach.

How is iron absorbed?

As needed

The richest source of vitamin B-12 would be

a tuna fish sandwich.

Select all that apply What are secondary functions of iron within the human body?

Immune function, Part of many enzymes, Brain function

Select all that apply Select the dietary changes a person could make to increase iron absorption.

Choose a rich source of vitamin C, such as a glass of orange juice, when taking an iron supplement., Consume nonheme sources of iron in combination with heme sources of iron.

The nutrient most likely to be deficient in the diets of people worldwide is __________.

iron

Select all that apply Which of the following are good sources of iron?

kidney beans, pot roast

The signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia include pale skin, fatigue upon exertion, and poor temperature regulation.

True

Which of the following population groups is most susceptible to iron toxicity from dietary supplements?

Young children

Which vitamin aids in the absorption of iron?

Vitamin C

Ceruloplasmin is a ______-containing protein in the blood that functions in the transport of iron.

copper

Consuming vitamin C with meals when iron-rich foods are present can increase iron absorption.

True

Which of the following MyPlate food groups provides the richest sources of heme iron?

Protein

Select all that apply Children are frequently victims of iron poisoning because:

a single large dose of iron can be life-threatening., an iron supplement can look a lot like candy., dietary supplements may be stored in areas that are accessible to children.

The mineral ________ is a component of ceruloplasmin, a blood protein that functions in iron metabolism.

copper

The copper-containing protein that transports iron in the blood is called

ceruloplasmin.

Excessive supplementation with the mineral _______ can impair copper absorption.

zinc

Select all that apply Select the dietary changes a person could make to increase iron absorption.

Choose a rich source of vitamin C, such as a glass of orange juice, when taking an iron supplement., Consume nonheme sources of iron in combination with heme sources of iron.

Why are foods a better source of copper than dietary supplements?

The copper oxide in most dietary supplements is poorly absorbed.

Select all that apply Which of the following are potential consequences of copper toxicity?

Kidney damage, Gastrointestinal disturbances, Liver damage

Select all that apply Choose the nutrients that are important in the formation of brain tissue.

iron, essential fatty acids, iodine

Select all that apply Select the functions of copper in the human body.

Part of enzymes, Metabolism of iron, Immune function

The preferred source of fuel for the brain is

glucose.

Select all that apply Which of the following groups of people are at increased risk for a copper deficiency?

People taking high doses of zinc, People recovering from GI surgery

Select the best source of copper for absorption.

Dietary sources

A deficiency of vitamin B-12 could impair nerve function because of its role in

the formation of the myelin sheath.

Copper toxicity is most likely to occur from

improper use of dietary supplements.

Select all that apply Choose the biological factors that contribute to migraine headaches.

family history, age, hormonal changes

Select all that apply Choose the fatty acids that are essential for normal brain growth.

linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, omega-6, omega-3

Following a plant-based diet may ______ depression and anxiety.

reduce

If glucose is unavailable to fuel the brain (such as during times of fasting), the brain can use ketone bodies produced from fat metabolism for fuel.

True

Select all that apply Choose the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the United States.

Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease

Select all that apply Choose the nutrients important in the function and formation of the myelin sheath.

vitamin B-12, iron, folate, vitamin B-6

Dietary supplements are recommended for optimal brain health.

False

Select all that apply Migraine headaches appear to be associated with foods that precipitate changes in blood flow and neurotransmitter release in the brain. Foods commonly cited as triggers include

chocolate., aged cheese., red wine., cured meats.

There is evidence that following a _____ may reduce depression and anxiety.

plant-based diet

Choose the best definition for neurodegenerative disease.

Gradual, progressive deterioration of neurons.

Select all that apply Why are dietary supplements NOT the ideal way to promote optimal brain health?

Lacks the synergistic effects of whole foods, Missing phytochemicals from whole foods

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