Chapter 6 HW

Zander Chavez · 27問 · 2年前

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What is the term used for the building blocks of proteins?

Amino acids

Select all that apply Which of the following elements can be found in amino acids?

Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen

A(n) Blank______ amino acid cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts, or at all, and must be included in the diet.

essential

The body links amino acids with peptide bonds in order to form:

proteins.

Sickle cell disease occurs when Blank______ are out of order on a protein.

amino acids

Amino acids are the building blocks of

protein.

The nucleus is the storage site for ______ in the cell.

DNA

Amino acids serve as a source of nitrogen for the human body.

True

Which of the following cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and must be included in the diet?

Essential amino acids

Changing a protein's shape can destroy its ability to function normally.

True

The body links amino acids with peptide bonds to form lipids.

False

Animal proteins are not considered to be a good source of all nine essential amino acids.

False

People of African descent are more prone to what genetic disease?

Sickle cell anemia

Where is DNA located in a cell?

Nucleus

Choose an accurate characteristic of legumes.

contain a single row of seeds.

Food allergies occur when the immune system perceives a harmless food protein as a harmful invader.

True

How does the denaturation of a protein affect its function?

The protein loses its normal biological activity.

Most ______ sources of protein provide ample quantities of all nine essential amino acids.

animal

The major stomach enzyme used for digesting proteins is ______.

pepsin

What is the name of the plant family that has pods with a single row of seeds?

Legumes

Intact proteins are ______ absorbed from the digestive tract.

rarely

Select all that apply Which of the following foods are among the most common allergens, which must be identified on food labels?

milk, tree nuts, eggs, wheat

When blood proteins are too low,:

fluid leaks out of the blood vessels into extracellular spaces.

In extreme starvation, ______ from muscle tissue start to be converted to glucose, which decreases muscle tissue and produces edema.

amino acids

Which of the following occurs when a person consumes more protein daily than they lose?

Positive protein balance

Pepsin is a major stomach enzyme for digesting:

protein

There is very little risk in taking amino acids supplements.

False

It is uncommon for intact proteins to be absorbed from the digestive tract, except during

infancy.

A protein deficiency usually accompanies a deficiency of calories and other nutrients.

True

The presence of proteins in the blood causes edema.

False

Due to starvation, amino acids from muscle tissue are converted into glucose. This wastes muscle tissue and can lead to edema.

True

When protein intake exceeds daily protein losses, a person is in a ______ protein balance.

Positive

What is the best way to obtain all of the essential amino acids?

Whole foods

Select all that apply Protein deficiency is rarely an isolated condition and usually accompanies:`

a lack of other nutrients., a calorie deficiency.

The hallmark symptom of ______ is edema in the abdomen and legs in a child who has some subcutaneous fat.

kwashiorkor

Which type of protein-calorie malnutrition leads to severe muscle wasting and a "skin-and-bones" appearance?

Marasmus

Select all that apply Choose the true statements about the relationship between nutrition and genetic information.

An individual's genetic makeup can affect their nutritional status, An individual's nutritional status can affect their genetic makeup

Which of the following is a genetic variation that increases a person's risk for cardiovascular disease?

Altered ability to remove cholesterol from the bloodstream

Which type of malnutrition is characterized by edema, mild or moderate weight loss, and fatty liver?

Kwashiorkor

Individuals with the type of protein-calorie malnutrition known as ______ have a "skin-and-bones" appearance with little or no subcutaneous fat.

marasmus

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008:

prohibits health insurers from using the results of genetic testing to raise premiums or deny coverage.

When counseling individuals about nutrition, recommendations should be:

tailored to personal and cultural preferences.

Nutrition influences gene expression.

True

Vegetarian products are currently hard to find.

False

A defective gene that delays cholesterol removal from the bloodstream could increase an individual's risk for:

cardiovascular disease.

Studies show that the death rates for chronic diseases like cancer and diabetes are lower for vegetarians than for nonvegetarians.

True

Nadine recently found out through genetic testing that she is a carrier of a mutated form of the BRCA1 gene, which indicates she is at high risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. If her health insurance company increases her premiums based on this information, they would be in violation of the:

Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act.

Who has a lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and many forms of cancer?

Vegetarians

For dietary advice to be effective, it should be tailored to personal and cultural preferences.

True

The selection of vegetarian food options in grocery stores and restaurants:

has increased in recent years due to the popularity of vegetarian lifestyles.

The "New American Plate" contains fewer plant-based foods compared to the typical American plate

False

Select all that apply Which of the following are potential health benefits of consuming plant proteins in place of animal sources of protein?

Reduced risk for type 2 diabetes, Reduced risk for obesity, Reduced risk for cancer, Reduced risk for cardiovascular disease

Select all that apply Which of the following are possible reasons people choose a vegetarian lifestyle?

Religious beliefs, Health benefits, Ethical concerns, Less expensive

The risk of death from chronic diseases is higher in vegetarians.

False

Plant sources of fat are good for the heart because they are usually high in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

True

Select all that apply Phytochemicals have been implicated in the prevention of:

cardiovascular disease., cancer.

The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes the "New American Plate," which suggests that plant-based foods cover ______ of the plate.

two-thirds

Select all that apply Which MyPlate food groups offer rich sources of foods with cancer-fighting antioxidants?

vegetables, fruits, grains

Some people choose vegetarian dietary patterns as a way to improve their health.

True

Due to the activity of some phytochemicals, foods made from ______ can lower the production of cholesterol by the body.

soybeans

Select all that apply Which of these foods will a vegan eat?

Watermelon, Tofu, Vegetable oil

What is present in plant-based foods that may help prevent chronic diseases?

Phytochemicals

A fruitarian diet is a healthy way for people to include more nutrients in their diet.

False

What is a risk factor for 13 types of cancer?

excess body fat

A ______ dietary pattern is primarily plant-based, but does include dairy products.

lactovegetarian

A(n) ______ is a "total vegetarian" who eats only plant foods and does not use animal products for any other purposes.

vegan

Select all that apply Which of the following meals would be acceptable for a lactoovovegetarian?

Poached eggs; whole-wheat toast with jam; banana; orange juice, Spinach and artichoke lasagna with Alfredo sauce; Italian bread; iced tea

A ______ primarily eats fruits, nuts, honey, and vegetable oils. People who consume this diet are at risk of nutrient deficiencies, which is why this type of diet is not advised.

fruitarian

Vitamin B-12 is only found naturally and in abundance in foods of ______ origin.

animal

Select all that apply Which of the following foods and beverages could a lactovegetarian choose for breakfast?

Calcium-fortified orange juice, Parfait made with yogurt, granola, and blueberries, Oatmeal with butter and brown sugar

Select all that apply Which of the following are good sources of iron in a vegan diet?

Whole grains, Legumes, Nuts

A ______ diet is a modified vegetarian diet that includes dairy products and eggs.

lactoovovegetarian

Vitamin C helps with the absorption of:

iron.

Vitamin B-12 is found primarily in animal foods.

True

For a person who adheres to a vegan dietary pattern, all of the following are good food sources of iron except:

Liver

Vitamin C helps with the absorption of iron.

True

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