Gen Bio Lesson 5

53問 • 2年前

Precious Mendez

通報

問題一覧

involves the distribution of identical genetic material or DNA to two daughter cells.

Cell Division

is the process by which new cells are generated.

Mitosis

is the process by which gametes are generated for reproduction.

Meiosis

represents all phases in the life of a cell.

Cell Cycle

separate mitosis from S phase.

Gap Phases

involves the separation of copied chromosomes into separate cells.

mitosis

can lead to cancer.

Unregulated cell division

is driven by a built-in clock that can be adjusted by external stimuli

Cell cycle control system

a critical control point in the Cell Cycle where ‘stop’ and ‘go-ahead’ signals can regulate the cell cycle.

Checkpoint

Where can you find the three major checkpoint

G1, G2, M phases

Discuss G1 cell cycle

…

ensures that DNA replication in S phase has been successfully completed.

The G2 Checkpoint

ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle by a kinetochore.

The Metaphase Checkpoint

a protein which activates or deactivates another protein by phosphorylating them.

Kinase

give the ‘go-ahead’ signals at the G1 and G2 checkpoints.

Kinase

The activating molecule

Cyclin

a protein that derives its name from its cyclically fluctuating concentration in the cell.

Cyclin

accumulate during the G1, S, and G2 phases of the Cell Cycle.

Cyclin

functions by phosphorylating key proteins in the mitotic sequence.

MPF

Types of connective tissue proper (CTP)

Tendons and ligament

Nervous tissue is composed of nerve cell called

Neurons and glial cells

Functions as support cell

Neurons and glial cell

3 types of neurons

Dendrites, Axon and Cell Body

Cell division functions in

reproduction, growth, and repair.

a critical control point in the Cell Cycle where ‘stop’ and ‘go-ahead’ signals can regulate the cell cycle

Checkpoint

The 3 major checkpoint are found in

G1, G2 and M PHASE

ensures that the cell is large enough to divide and that enough nutrients are available to support the resulting daughter cells.

G1 Checkpoint

What checkpoint is the non dividing state

G0 Checkpoint

ensures that DNA replication in S phase has been successfully completed.

G2 Checkpoint

ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle by a kinetochore.

The Metaphase Checkpoint

a protein which activates or deactivates another protein by phosphorylating them.

Kinase

give the ‘go-ahead’ signals at the G1 and G2 checkpoints. The _____ that drive these checkpoints must themselves be activated.

Kinases

Cyclin accumulated during the

G1, G2 and the S phase of the cell cycle

enough cyclin is available to form MPF complexes (aggregations of CDK and cyclin) which initiate mitosis.

G2 Checkpoinr

phosphorylating key proteins in the mitotic sequence.

MPF Function

Apparent Division

Mitosis

is nuclear division; the process by which the nucleus divides to produce two new nuclei.

Mitosis

results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parental cell from which they came.

Mitosis

is the division of the cytoplasm

Cytokinesis

How many hours does both cytokinesis and mitosis last

1 to 2 hours

the preparatory stage,

Prophase

centrioles move toward opposite sides of the nucleus.

Prophase

initiated by the separation of sister chromatids at their junction point at the centromere. The daughter chromosomes then move toward the poles.

Anaphase

When the daughter chromosomes complete their migration to the pole.

Telophase

The spindle apparatus is completely formed and the microtubules are attached to the centromere regions of the homologues.

Metaphase I

The equatorial plate of the cell

Metaphase plate

Chromosomes in each tetrad separate and migrate toward the opposite poles.

Anaphase I

The sister chromatids (dyads) remain attached at their respective centromere region

Anaphase I

The dyads complete their migration to the poles. New nuclear membranes may form. In most species, cytokinesis follows, producing two daughter cells. Each has a nucleus containing only one set of chromosomes (haploid level) in a replicated form.

Telophase I

The dyads contract.

Phrophase II

The centromeres are directed to the equatorial plate and then divide.

Metaphase II

The sister chromatids (monads) move away from each other and migrate to the opposite poles of the spindle fiber.

Anaphase II

The monads are at the poles, forming two groups of chromosomes. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes and cytokinesis follows. The chromosomes uncoil and extend.

Telophase II

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問題一覧

involves the distribution of identical genetic material or DNA to two daughter cells.

Cell Division

is the process by which new cells are generated.

Mitosis

is the process by which gametes are generated for reproduction.

Meiosis

represents all phases in the life of a cell.

Cell Cycle

separate mitosis from S phase.

Gap Phases

involves the separation of copied chromosomes into separate cells.

mitosis

can lead to cancer.

Unregulated cell division

is driven by a built-in clock that can be adjusted by external stimuli

Cell cycle control system

a critical control point in the Cell Cycle where ‘stop’ and ‘go-ahead’ signals can regulate the cell cycle.

Checkpoint

Where can you find the three major checkpoint

G1, G2, M phases

Discuss G1 cell cycle

…

ensures that DNA replication in S phase has been successfully completed.

The G2 Checkpoint

ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle by a kinetochore.

The Metaphase Checkpoint

a protein which activates or deactivates another protein by phosphorylating them.

Kinase

give the ‘go-ahead’ signals at the G1 and G2 checkpoints.

Kinase

The activating molecule

Cyclin

a protein that derives its name from its cyclically fluctuating concentration in the cell.

Cyclin

accumulate during the G1, S, and G2 phases of the Cell Cycle.

Cyclin

functions by phosphorylating key proteins in the mitotic sequence.

MPF

Types of connective tissue proper (CTP)

Tendons and ligament

Nervous tissue is composed of nerve cell called

Neurons and glial cells

Functions as support cell

Neurons and glial cell

3 types of neurons

Dendrites, Axon and Cell Body

Cell division functions in

reproduction, growth, and repair.

a critical control point in the Cell Cycle where ‘stop’ and ‘go-ahead’ signals can regulate the cell cycle

Checkpoint

The 3 major checkpoint are found in

G1, G2 and M PHASE

ensures that the cell is large enough to divide and that enough nutrients are available to support the resulting daughter cells.

G1 Checkpoint

What checkpoint is the non dividing state

G0 Checkpoint

ensures that DNA replication in S phase has been successfully completed.

G2 Checkpoint

ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle by a kinetochore.

The Metaphase Checkpoint

a protein which activates or deactivates another protein by phosphorylating them.

Kinase

give the ‘go-ahead’ signals at the G1 and G2 checkpoints. The _____ that drive these checkpoints must themselves be activated.

Kinases

Cyclin accumulated during the

G1, G2 and the S phase of the cell cycle

enough cyclin is available to form MPF complexes (aggregations of CDK and cyclin) which initiate mitosis.

G2 Checkpoinr

phosphorylating key proteins in the mitotic sequence.

MPF Function

Apparent Division

Mitosis

is nuclear division; the process by which the nucleus divides to produce two new nuclei.

Mitosis

results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parental cell from which they came.

Mitosis

is the division of the cytoplasm

Cytokinesis

How many hours does both cytokinesis and mitosis last

1 to 2 hours

the preparatory stage,

Prophase

centrioles move toward opposite sides of the nucleus.

Prophase

initiated by the separation of sister chromatids at their junction point at the centromere. The daughter chromosomes then move toward the poles.

Anaphase

When the daughter chromosomes complete their migration to the pole.

Telophase

The spindle apparatus is completely formed and the microtubules are attached to the centromere regions of the homologues.

Metaphase I

The equatorial plate of the cell

Metaphase plate

Chromosomes in each tetrad separate and migrate toward the opposite poles.

Anaphase I

The sister chromatids (dyads) remain attached at their respective centromere region

Anaphase I

Telophase I

The dyads contract.

Phrophase II

The centromeres are directed to the equatorial plate and then divide.

Metaphase II

The sister chromatids (monads) move away from each other and migrate to the opposite poles of the spindle fiber.

Anaphase II

The monads are at the poles, forming two groups of chromosomes. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes and cytokinesis follows. The chromosomes uncoil and extend.

Telophase II