EAPP - Writing a Report

38問 • 2年前

問題一覧

is a complex account either written or oral that uses formal and structured language and is usually applied in major projects and organizations.

Formal Report

Communicates, updates information using free-flowing, casual and short formats usually about routines and everyday business

Informal Report

Part of the Formal Report

Informational, Annalytical, Recommendatory

presents a description of someone or something. It also means looking carefully and thoroughly to assess them.

Survey

It ask what it intends to ask

Valid

It gets the same answer if the question is posed repeatedly in a short time

Reliable

It is easily understood

Clear

It is completed by the respondents and gets better response at

Interesting

questions allow the respondent to express their opinions freely and they are not restricted by the options. This is used if the answer options are multiple and unknown. The answers to the open-ended questions require re-grouping before analysis.

Open-ended

questions provide options to the respondents and require them to choose one or more items from the list. This is used if the range of answers are well known and the options are limited.

Close-ended

What will you use for those question that will asses attitudes or also give opinions

Scale - Likert Scale

You need to avoid this

Double-barreled question and avoid ambigous question

is a crucial step in the design of questionnaire before data collection begins. It will help detect flaws in the questionnaire in terms of content, grammar, and format.

Test

Explain under the test

~~~~

You will evaluate for general content, organization, and tone, by adding, deleting, and organizing information if necessary

Revise

When respondents are asked directly, the response rates are actually good especially if visual materials are required during the survey. The researcher can also observe the participants in this method

Face-to-Face Structured Interview

There might be bias because of the interaction. There is also no anonymity involved. This is also not good if the participants live in different locations.

Face-to-Face Structured Interview

This is applicable for asking consequential questions. Unlike face-to-face interviews, there is anonymity in this approach.

Telephone Surver

This method is not good if the participants need to see visual materials and if the questions are long.

Telephone Survey

This is a traditional survey method and this is good for those who do not know how to use the computer or access the internet.

Paper-and-pencil surver

This requires bigger budget in terms of reproduction. This also involves distribution of the questionnaires which can be exhausting. The researcher must also be present during the administration.

Paper-and-pencil surver

This is best if the sample size is huge and they live on different locations. There is less expense compared to mail survey. There are also survey companies that can help conduct the survey online with accuracy.

Online Surver

The respondents must know how to use the computer to be able to answer this method. There might even be incentives to be given to the respondents.

Online Survey

This method can be easily administered and you can even review the mails before you send them so that the visual quality is good. There is also anonymity in this kind of survey method.

Mail Surver

Mail surveys are less chosen by many because only a few responses are collected. People also have more access to the internet so they no longer prefer the mail survey.

Mail Survey

Is very important in any type of research study

Data collection

refers to a collection of facts, like values or measurements, observation or even just descriptions of things.

Data

are those that you have collected yourself or the data collected at source or the data originally collected by individuals, focus groups, and a panel of respondents specifically set up by the researcher whose opinions may be sought on specific issues from time to time (Matt, 2001), (Afonja, 2001).

Primary Data

research project involves the gathering and/or use of existing data for which they were originally collected, for example, computerized database, company records or archives, government publications, industry analysis offered by the media, information system and computerized or mathematical models of environmental processes and so on (Tim ,1997), (Matt, 2001)

Secondary Data

two kind of data, not all evaluation will necessarily include

1. Quantitative Data 2. Qualitative Data

can be produced by closed question

structured data

can be produced by open question

unstructured data

are used to create frequency distribution table

Tally marks

is a way of showing data using images

Pictograph

is a special chart that uses “pie slices” to show relative sizes of data

Pie graph

In doing this, read your instructions and any other information you've been given about the report. Then, think about the purpose of the report: What is it about? What exactly is needed? Why is it needed? When do I need to do it? Who is it for, or who is it aimed at?

Decide on the ‘Terms of reference’

This involves planning your investigation or research, and deciding how you will write the report. Ask yourself: What information do I need? Do I need to do any background reading? What articles or documents do I need? Do I need to contact the library for assistance? Do I need to interview or observe people? Do I have to record data? How will I go about this?

Decide on the procedure

States the analysis of your findings and interpret what you have found

Conclusion

GEN BIO

Precious Mendez · 71問 · 2年前

GEN BIO