Prof ed 1 Midterm exam

49問 • 2年前

問題一覧

3 Levels of Moral Reasoning

Pre-conventional, Conventional, Post-conventional

6 Stages of Moral Reasoning

Obedience and punishment, Individualism and exchange, Interpersonal relationships, Maintaining social order, Social contrast and individual rights, Universal principles

What level of morality is Stage 1 obedience and punishment Stage 2 Individualism and exchange

Pre-conventional morality

What kind of level of morality is this *(age 4-10) *a person is motivated by obedience to authority. *commonly associated with young children *involves little thought about morality. *moral code is shaped by the standards of adults and the consequences of following or breaking their rules.

Pre-conventional morality

What kind of level of morality is this? *commonly associated with young children *involves little thought about morality. *moral code is shaped by the standards of adults and the consequences of following or breaking their rules.

Pre-conventional morality

What stage is this? *earliest stage of moral development. *Common in young children. *Children see rules as fixed and absolute. *Obeying the rules is important to avold punishment. *morality is motivated solely by punishment.

Obedience and punishment

What stage is this? *Obeying the rules is important to avold punishment. *morality is motivated solely by punishment.

Obedience and punishment

What stage is this? *children account individual points of view. *judge actions based on how they serve individual needs. *reciprocity is possible but only if it serves one's own interests. *children recognize that there is not just one right view and that diferent individuals have different viewpoints. *focuses on individualisem and difierent perspectives, *the goal is to avold punishment.

Individualism and exchange

What stage is this? *children recognize that there is not just one right view and that diferent individuals have different viewpoints. *focuses on individualisem and difierent perspectives, *the goal is to avold punishment.

Individualism and exchange

What stage is this? *children account individual points of view. *judge actions based on how they serve individual needs. *reciprocity is possible but only if it serves one's own interests.

Individualism and exchange

What is this kind of level of morality? *(age 10-13) *people focus on following social norms and customs. *begin to internalize the moral standards of valued adult role models. *Reasoning is based on the norms of the group to which the person belongs.

Conventional morality

What is this kind of level of morality? *begin to internalize the moral standards of valued adult role models. *Reasoning is based on the norms of the group to which the person belongs.

Conventional morality

What is kind of stage? *Also known as "good boy-good girl" orientation *focused on living up to social expectations and roles. *emphasis on conformity, being "nice, *consider how choices influence relationships. *emphasizes the maintenance happy interpersonal relationships and pleasing others. *a need to avoid rejection, disaffection, or disapproval from others.

Interpersonal relationships

What is this kind of stage? *consider how choices influence relationships. *emphasizes the maintenance happy interpersonal relationships and pleasing others. *a need to avoid rejection, disaffection, or disapproval from others.

Interpersonal relationships

Level 2 Conventional Morality stages

Interpersonal relationships, Maintaining social order

What kind of stage is this? *consider society as a whole when making judgments *focus is on maintaining law and order by following the rules, doing one's duty and respecting authority. *please Individuals to maintaining social order by following social norms, customs, and laws. *becomes aware of the wider rules of society to avoid guilt. *a need to not be criticized by a true authority figure

Maintaining social order

What kind of stage is this? *please Individuals to maintaining social order by following social norms, customs, and laws. *becomes aware of the wider rules of society to avoid guilt. *a need to not be criticized by a true authority figure

Maintaining social order

What is kind of Morality is this? *(Adolescence- adulthood) *people look beyond convention to determine moral norms and appropriate social interactions. *judgment is based on self-chosen principles *moral reasoning is based on individual rights and justice

Post-conventional morality

What kind of morality is this? *judgment is based on self-chosen principles *moral reasoning is based on individual rights and justice

Post-conventional morality

What kind of stage is this? *begin to account the differing values, opinions and beliefs of other people. *Laws are important but members of the society should agree upon these standards. *becomes aware there are times when they will work against rules or the interest of individuals *emphasis on the social contract and the maintenance of individual rights.

Social contract and individual rights

What kind of stages is this? *becomes aware there are times when they will work against rules or the interest of individuals *emphasis on the social contract and the maintenance of individual rights.

Social contract and individual rights

What kind of stage is this? *reasoning is based on universal ethical principles and abstract reasoning *follow these internalized principles of justice, even if it's against the law *moral judgment is motivated by one's own conscience *People have developed thelir own set of moral guidelines which may or may not fit the law. *search for universal principles

Universal principle

What kind of stage is this? *moral judgment is motivated by one's own conscience *People have developed thelir own set of moral guidelines which may or may not fit the law. *search for universal principles

Universal principle

In early 20th century, a Russian psychologist named __________________ developed a theory of cognitive development in children

Lev Vygotsky

What needs to be done to take the learner where he needs to be.

Zone of proximal development

Where the learner is right?

Zone of achieved development

What does MKO means?

More knowledgeable other

Temporary support to the child during the learning process

Scaffolding

refers to the temporary support given to a child by a more knowledgeable other that enables that child to perform a task until such time that the child can perform this task independently.

Scaffolding

The five ecological systems

Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem, Macrosystem, Chronosystem

is the first level of bronfenbrenner's theory and are the things that have direct contact with the child in their immediate environment, such as parents, siblings, teachers and school peers.

Microsystem

encompassed the interactions between the child's microsystem, such as the interactions between the child's parents and teachers, or between school peers and siblings.

Mesosystem

is a component of the ecological systems theory developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner in the 1970s.

Exosystem

is a component of bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory that focuses on how cultural elements affect a child's development, such as socioeconomic status, wealth, poverty, and ethnicity.

Macrosystem

This system consists of all the environmental changes that occur over the lifetime which influence development, including major life transitions, and historical events.

Chronosystem

Psychosocial Stages

Trust vs. mistrust, Autonomy vs. shame and doubt, Initiative vs. guilt, Industry vs. inferiority, Identity vs. confusion, Intimacy vs. isolation, Generativity vs. stagnation, Integrity vs. despair

The ability ro learn and problem solve

Cognition

Interacting with others and mastering self control

Social interaction and emotional regulation

Understanding and using language, reading, and communicating.

Speech and language

Fine motor (finger) skills and gross motor(whole body) skills

Physical skills

The registration of sensory information for use

Sensory awareness

Areas of development

Physical development, Cognitive development, Social-emotional development

Quotes

"We develop in body, mind and spirit simultaneously."

Critical issues

Influences on child development, Nature and nurture, Continuity and discontinuity

Influences on child development

Maturation, Environment factors, Learning, Socialization

Biological and genetic factors

Nature

Environmental factors and experience

Nurture

Development is smooth and gradual, quantitative change.

Continuous

development is abrupt and unstable, qualitative chanhr, implicit in stage theories.

Discontinuous

EL.4

Wael Hi · 20問 · 2年前

EL.4