When one recognizes a situation as something similar in a way to what he has experienced before, his tendency is to use the knowledge and skills he has learned to this new situation.

Happens whem learning in one context or with one set of materials affects performance in another context or with other related material.

It is a type of Transfer occurs when learning in one context improves performance in some other context.

Types of transfer

It is a type of transfer that occurs when learning in one context impacts negatively on performance in amother.

It is a type of transfer that refers to transfer between very semilar contexts. This is also referred to as SPECIFIC TRANSFER

It is a type of transfer that refers to transfer between contexts that, on appearance, seem remote and alien to ine another. This is called GENERAL TRANSFER

Conditions /Factors affecting transfer of learning

What does CBI stands for?

Transfer of Learning

As a future teacher, you would probably encounter learners with special needs, more so if special education is your major. It is therefore necessary that you have both the _______ ___________ and ________ ___________

Is a measurable impairment or limitation that "interferes" woth a person's ability, for example, to walk, lift, hear, or learn.

What does IDEA stands for?

Is a disadvantage that occurs as a result of a disability or impairment.

Involve difficulties in specific cognitive processes like perception, language, memory or metacognition that are not due to other disabilities like mental retardation, emotional or behavioral disorders, or sensory impairments.

What does ADHD means?

There is difficulty in spoken language including voice disorders, inability to produce the sounds.

Is a condition manifested by different levels of impaired social interaction and communication, repetitive behaviors and limitedd interest.

Refers to significant sub-average intelligence and deficits in adaptive behavior

This involves pysical the presence of emotional states like depression states like depression and aggression over a considerable amount of time that they notably disturb learning and performance in school

This involves the presence of emotional states like depression and aggression over a considerable amount of time that they notably disturb learning and performance in school.

This involves physical or medical conditions

This refers to the presence of two or more different types of disability, at times at a profound level.

These are conditions when there is malfunction of the eyes or optic nerves that prevent normal vision even with corrective lenses.

These involve malfunction of the ear or auditory nerves that hinders perception of sounds within the frequency rangr of normal speech.

This involves a significantly high level of cognitive development

Other suggestions for referring to those eith disabilities include:

Exceptionalities

Specific Cognitive or Academic Difficulties

Difficulty in focusing and maintaining attention and recurrent hyperactivity anf impulsive behavior

Social/Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties

Physical Disabilities and Health Impairments

Sensory Impairments

a Russian physiologist, is well known for his work in classical conditioning or stimilus substitution.

He's Most renowned experiment involved meat, a dog and a bell

Pavlov's Experiment

Once the dog has learned to salivate at the sound of the be, it will salivate at other similar sounds

If you stop pairing the bell with the food, salivation will eventually cease in response to the bell

Extinguished response can be "recovered" after an elapsed time, but will soon extinguish again if the dog is not presented woth food.

The dog could learn to discriminate between similar bells and discern be woth food another unconditioned

Once the dog has been conditioned to associate the bell with food,

He is the one who proposed the Connectionism Theory

a type of theory which Learning has taken place when a strong connection or bond between stimulus amd response is formed.

Connectionism came up with three primary laws

He was the first American psychologist to work eith Pavlov's ideas. He too was initially involved in animal studies then later human behavior research.

He proposed the theory Operant conditioning

Is anything that strengthens the desired response

Is the key element in Skinner's S-R theory

Types of reinforcer

Type of reinforcer when any stimulus that given or added to increase the response.

Is a type of reinforcer where any stimulus that results in the increased frequency of a response when it is withdrawn or removed.

is a consequence intended to result in reduced response

Food reward

comes when a series of steps are needed to be learned.

Partial or includes schedules

The target response is reinforced after fixed amount of time has passed since the last reinforcement.

Similar to fixed interval schedules but the amount of time must pass between reinforcement varies.

A fixed number of correct responses mist occur before reinforcement varies.

The number of correct repetitions of the correct response for reinforcement may varies.