Depression

26問 • 2年前

問題一覧

True or false? All depressive disorders share symptoms of sadness, epmtiness, irritability, somatic (body) concerns, and impairment of thinking, and all impact a person’s ability to function.

True

Select statements true to the epidemiology of depression.

Leading cause of disability worldwide, NOT a normal response to aging, Elderly will try to hide it sometimes or have somatic complaints out of fear of being put in a nursing home., Rise in cases females ages 45-65, Elderly white males a high risk of developing

Is depression genetic?

Yes

Select statements true of biochemical attributes of depression.

⬇️Serotonin= depression (sleep, appetite, libido, impulses control, irritability, ⬇️NE= depression (modulates attention and behavior), Glutamate also involved in mood attention and cognition

Select statements true to C-reactive protien.

Inflammatory marker, Constant presence in body= cardiac problems, Is elevated in people with major depression with no other disease

Hormones play a role in depression too, select the statements true regarding depression related to hormones.

Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-cortical axis can=depression, Depression rates ⬇️for women’s before puberty and after menopause

The Diathesis-stress model says:

That individual has a genetic predisposition for depression and environmental factor(s) express the gene, “Nature vs Nurture”, ACE’s ⬆️cortisol, constant cortisol in the body can cause people to have exaggerated stress responses

The cognitive theory for depression says:

Early life exp. contribute neg., illogical, irrational thoguhts activated in times of stress, Thoughts result in emotions, Negative view of the world, Can be changed slowly learn to interpret life events in ostive ways

Select risk factors for depression

Female gender, Adverse childhood experiences, Stressful life events, Neuroticism (negative, moody), Other disorders, substance use, anxiety, and personality disorders, Chronic or disabling medical conditions

Select comorbidities for depression (MDD)

Anxiety, Chronis medical conditions, Substances, Grief and bereavement, Personality disorders, Schizophrenia, Eating disorders, Psychosis (psychotic depression)

Major depressive disorder criteria includes 5 or more of the options in a 2 week period.

Weight and appetite changes, Fatigue, Worthlessness or guilt, Loss of ability to concentrate, Reccurrent thoughts, Pyschomotor agitation, PLUS- at least on of: depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia)

Select more criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD).

Persists for minimum of 2 weeks to 6 months, Chronic: lasting more than 2 years, Reccurrent episodes common, Symptoms cause distress or impaired function, Episode not attributed to psychological effects, Absence of manic or hypomanic episode (if there is than it is bipolar)l

Select all of the depressive disorders.

Major depressive disorder (MDD), Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (oppositional defiant disorder), Persistent depressive disorder (prev. dysthymia) (mild depression), Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder, Depressive disorder due to another medical condition

Select statements true to Dysruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Dx in kids ages 6-18, Constant and severe irritability and anger, Temper tantrums out of proportion to the situation at least 3x/wk, Exhibits symptoms in at least two settings: home, school, with peers, Management Sympomatic medications; CBT& parent training & facial expression recognition training

Persistent depressive disorder (formerly known as dysthymia)

Low-level depressive feelings through most of each day, for the majority of days. At least 2 years in adults at least 1 year in children., Must have 2 or more of: ⬇️appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy, poor self esteem, difficulty thinking, and hopelessness.

Select statements true to premensteral dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

Physical discomfort and emotional symptoms occur in the last week prior to onset of period, Mood swings, irritability, depression, anxiety, feeling overwhelmed and difficluty concentrating, Sx ⬇️ or disappear with menstruation, 2.5-5.5% of women

The PHQ-9 is?

Validated with 91% accuracy, is a screening tool for depression

Select statements true to the CAGE assessment.

Used to screen for alcohol use, can also screen for substance use., One positive questions to the assessment indicates problems, 2 or more positive questions is clinically significant.

Select the questions in the CAGE assessment in order.

Have you ever felt you should CUT down on your drinking/use?, Have people ANNOYED you by criticizing your drinking/use?, Have you ever felt bad or GUITLY about your drinking/use?, Have you ever used first thing in the morning to get moving for the day? Or have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady you or get rid of a hang over? (EYE opener)(if yes to only this one it is important/significant!

Select things to assess with depression:

Assessment of suicidality. “Do you want to kill yourself?”, Self asssessment, Behavior/affect: anergia (low energy), poor posture, sadness, dejected, weeping, numb & unable to cry, hopeless, dispair, sighing, blunted, Mood: depressed mood anhedonia (loss of interest/no pleasure), Thoughts/perecepetions: delusion and/or hallucinations, Thought processes: poor judgement, indecisive, poor memory, poor concentration, intrusive thoughts

Select more areas due to assess

Feelings: guilt, helplessness, hopelessness correlated to suicide, neg expectation for future, loss of control over future outcomes., Anger and irritability: destroy property, say hurtful things, suicide, self destructive behaviors (smoking, drinking, overeating), Physical behavior: psychomotor retardation or agitation, neglect ADLs, sleep pattern changes, constipation, loss of libido, 70% anorexia, can overeat, Slow communication, Protective religious beliefs and spirituality, 60-90% anxiety, Dwell on perceived faults and failures, Physical pain

Assess for sucidality:

Needs to be assessed at every contact: plane, intent, means, Starting an antidepressant can ⬆️ suicide risk, Sucidal ideation is a medical emergency!, Risk: prior attempts, 1st degree relative with attempt to completed suicide, male gender, borderline personality, anxiety, chronic pain, insomnia

Select the assessment mnemonic SIGECAPS in order

SLEEP: is pt sleeping too much or too little?, INTEREST/anhedonia: has the pt lost interest in previous enjoyable things? Withdrawn? Low libido?, GUILT/worthlessness: Does the pt have an irrational guilt? Feel worthless and hopeless?, ENERGY: Has the pt lost usual level of energy?, CONCENTRATION: Is the pt having memory issues? Can they concentrate and complete usual tasks? Can they concentrate on newspaper article or tv?, APPETITE/weight changes: is the pt eating too little or too much? Recent unintentional loss or gain (5%)?, PSYCHOMOTOR: Is the ot agitated/ anxious or lethargic/ vegetative?, SUICIDAL ideation: plan, intent, means?

Select the communication mnemonic BATHE for open ended communication in order!

BOTHERING: “what is bothering you?”, AFFECTING: “how is the probelem affecting you?”, TROUBLE: “what about the problem troubles you the most?”, HANDLING: “how are you handling the problem?”, EMPATHY: “I can see how that would make you feel ____”

Select the phases of implementation for nursing for depression.

Acute phase (6-12 wks): reduction of depressive symptoms, restoration or psychosocial functioning, hospitalization, medication, biological treatments., Contibuation phase (4-9 months): prevention of relapse, medication, therapy, education., Maintenance phase (1 yr or more): Prevention or further episodes of depression, medication may be phased out or continued.

Select communication techniques.

Use simple concrete words, Allow time for a response, Listen for covert message, Avoid platitudes

Health assessment questions

ユーザ名非公開 · 15問 · 2年前

Health assessment questions