Diabetes

92問 • 2年前

ユーザ名非公開

通報

問題一覧

Select ADPIE in order

Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Intervention, Evaluation

Select SBAR in order

Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommenation

Where is glucose absorbed?

Small intestine

Select the correct words in order. When blood glucose increases Insulin SHOULD _____ to ____ blood glucose levels.

Increase, Decrease

Isulin suppresses what kind of lipoprotein? (the bad fat)

low density lipoprotien (LDL)

Insulin decides what sugar is used as energy and which to ____?

Store

Match the definition with the correct term. Low level around the clock insulin (all the time).

Basal

Match the definition with the correct term. Insulin described as burst, rising release.

Postprandial

Match the definition with the correct term. Destruction of pancreatic beta cells (the key).

Type 1 diabetes

Match the definition with the correct term. Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.

Type 2 diabetes

True or False? Type 1 diabetes is genetic.

True

Is type 2 Diabetes hereditary?

Lifestyle and SLIGHTLY hereditary

Select the two other electrolyte imbalances associated with hyperglycemia.

Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia

Match the definition to the correct term. High pottasium

Hyperkalemia

Match the definition to the correct term. Low pottasium.

Hypokalemia

What is seen first Hyperkalemia or Hypokalemia?

Hyperkalemia

True or False? Insulin can cause Hypokalemia by driving Ka+ back into cells

True

When pts with DM become dehydrated these are the 5 complications of the dehydration

Hypovolemia (Less h2o, higher conc. of glucose elec. imbalances), Hemoconcentration (increased glucose elec imbalance), Hypoperfusion (hypotension), Hypoxia, Acidosis (increase in lactic acid)

What is acidosis?

An increase in lactic acid due to livers inability to keep up

What is the result of fat breakdown and conversion of free fatty acids FFA?

Ketones

Select the correct word to fill the blank. Ketones result from break down of fat leading to an increase of _____ ___ leading to metabolic acidosis (DKA).

Lactic acid

What is the major complication of DKA?

Resipiratory filaure

Select the correct word to fill in the blank. An increase in ____ ___ causes ______ ____ overproduction and rebsorption. Eventually leading to respiratory failure.

Lactic acid, Hydorgen ion

Select the correct term that matches the definition. Type of breathing someone does when in DKA “blowing off” hydrogen ions

Kussmaul respirations

True or false? DKA is most common in type 2 diabetics

False

Select the B(B)OL of metBOLic syndrome (diabetes mellitus) in order

High B.P, High B.S, Abdominal Obesity, Hyperlipidemia

Below are symptoms of diabetes mellitus select weather they are symptoms of type 1 , type 2, or both. Abrupt onset, hunger, weight loss, increased urine output, acetone breath.

Type 1

Below are symptoms of diabetes mellitus select weather they are symptoms of type 1 , type 2, or both. Often NO symptoms, hunger, fatigue, blurred vision, microvascular complications.

Type 2

Below are symptoms of diabetes mellitus select weather they are symptoms of type 1 , type 2, or both. Thirst, slow healing infection mental status changes

Both

Select the 4 symptoms that need immediate attention.

Persistent vomiting and/or not tolerating intake., Persistent diarrhea and progressive weakness, Difficulty breathing, rapid and labored respirations. (what is the name of these respirations), Moderate or large ketones that do not improve after 12-24 hours of treatment.

What is is the HbgA1c test?

Glycosylated hemoglobin (avg of 3 mos)

What does a patients HbgA1C have to be for them to be considered diabetic? (Just the number not spelled out)

Select three urine tests also used when diagnosing diabetes.

Ketone bodies, Renal Funciton, Glucose

Select 4 symptoms of hyperglycemia

Polyuria (freq. urination), Polydipsia (thirsty), Polyphagia (hungry), Lipolyisis (fat break down= ketones= DKA)

What are the 4 S’s

Sepsis, Stress/ Sickness, Skip insulin, Steroids

What are the three macrovascular (chronic) complications of DM.

Coronary artery disease, Cerebrovascular disease, Peripheral vascular disease

Select the three microvascular (chronic) complications of DM.

Nephropathy, Neuropathy, Retinopathy

Select the goals of a diabetic diet.

Prevent excess prandial hyperglycemia, Prevent/ delay complications of diabetes mellitus, Maintain good B.P. levels, Prev. hypoglycemia, Achieve and maintain ideal body weight

Select the nutrition guide for diabetic patients.

Plate method 3 sections, Carb counting is relevant start at 45-60 grams/meal, 25 g of fiber daily (decreases cholesterol), Mediterranean-style diet, Try to eat moderate to GI food or balance between high and low

Select the numbers to fill in the blanks IN order. Exercise recommendations are to do moderate to vigorous aerobic activity for ____ mins 5 days/week totaling ____ minutes a week.

30, 150

How often should diabetics do strength training per week?

Twice

True or false? Diabetics should not go more than 2 days without exercising?

True

For planned exercise what is the preferred choice to prevent hypoglycemia?

Reduction in insulin dosage

For unplanned exercise what is the preferred choice to prevent hypoglycemia?

Additonal carbohydrates

When is the best time for a diabetic to exercise?

After a meal

When should a diabetic check their B.S. when exercising? (Select all)

Before, After

If a diabetic plans on exercising upon checking their B.S it is <100 what should they do?

Eat

Is it safe for a diabetic to exercise if ketones are present (DKA)?

Yes but only light

4 positive affects of weight loss on diabetic pt.

Decreased insulin resistance, Improved measures of glycemic, Reduced dyslipidemia, Reduced B.P.

What should a diabetic do if they plan on drinking and how many drinks may they have?

Eat, 1

Match the definition to the correct class of oral agents for DM. Drugs that sensitize the body to insulin and or control hepatic glucose production. Low risk of hypoglycemia.

Biguanides (metformin)

Match the definition to the correct oral agent for DM. Drugs that stimulate the pancreas to make more insulin. The pancreas can become tired it has a high risk for hypoglycemia and it only produces insulin no say in storage or usage.

Sulfonylueraes

What oral agent sensitizes the body to insulin by deacreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin resistance by increasing insulin mediated peripheral glucose upatake, is very effective has fasting B.S. 60-70 reduces A1C by 1-2%

Biguanides (metformin)

What are the side effects of Biguanides (metformin)?

Diarrhea abdominal discomfort, Lactic acidosis (alcohol) (DKA), Vitamin B12/ folic acid defficencies

What are the concerns of pts on metformin?

Impaired renal function, Pts receiving IV contrast

True or false? Metformin IS available in the hospital but only for the most severe DM pts.

False

Select the benefits of Biguanides (metforimin)

Cost effective, No weight gain/loss, No hypoglycemia, Lower CVD risks, Decreases Cholesteral levels, Prediabetes prevention

Why are pts on metformin taken off in the hospital and put on sliding scale insulin?

Risk for kidney failure and dehydrataion with IV contrast use.

Select the oral agent that matches the definition. Drug that increases insulin secretion by stimulating the pancreas to make more insulin, has a high risk for hypoglycemia, these should be taken in the morning no later than noon. They decrease fasting B.S to 60-70 as well as reduce A1C by 1-2%

Sulfonylureas

These oral DM manegment drugs have a high risk for hypoglycemia and beta blockers increase the risk for hypoglycemia as well as mask the symptoms.

Sulfonylureas

Insulin is made from?

Synthetic human

Where do we inject insulin?

Subq (abdomen supposed to be better)

A B.G. reading of what and above requires a call to H.O. (sliding scale)

401

For sliding scale insulin and the patient is PO when are the BGs checked? select all.

AC Before meals, HS hour of sleep

For sliding scale insulin pts NPO, on TPN, or tube feedings when are BGs checked?

At intervals q 4 hours, q 6 hours

What kind of insulin should never be mixed?

Long acting

Select 3 things we’re asking when evaluating the effectiveness of insulin?

Is it working?, Is the patient experiencing hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia?, Is it helping the patient to avoid long term complication of DM?

Select the kind of insulin used in pumps.

Rapid

True or false? Only one nurse or physician should be giving insulin via the pump?

True

What are three complications of insulin pumps?

Infection at site, Hypoglycemia, Hyperglycemia

Select the correct term to match the definition. Early morning hyperglycemia in which there is a nighttime release of hormones that increase production and uptake of glucose.

Dawn phenomenon

Select the correct term that matches the definition. Early morning hyperglycemia that is a counterregulatroy effect of hypoglycemia.

Somogyi effect

What do we do for the dawn pheneomenon? Select both answers.

Give intermediate insulin accordingly, Carb snack at night

What do we do for Somogyi effect?

Less insulin in evening

Select all(4) of the Neuroglycopenic hypoglycemia symptoms.

Headache/ confusion, Slurred speech/ behavioral changes, Coma/warm/weak, Faint/ Dizzy/ Blurred vision

Select the 4 Neurogenic symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Tremulous (shaking), Tachycardia, Nervous/ anxious, Diaphoresis

Select 4 causes of hypoglycemia.

Exercise, Alcohol, Insulin PEAK times, Nausea/ vomiting

Selecy the 4 most deadly hypoglycemia symptoms.

Cool, Pale “pallor”, Sweaty “diaphoretic” “clammy:, Nervous “anxious” “trembling”

What do beta blockers do with hypoglycemia?

mask/ block symptoms

Select 4 causes of DKA.

Sepsis, Sickness, Stress, Skip insulin

What is the 15:15 rule used for?

Treatment of hypoglycemia

With the 15:15 rule We are doing what? Select the answer in order.

Administer 15 grams of carbohydrate (or dextrose), Re-check in 15 minutes

What is the other condition not DM that we use insulin to treat?

Hyperkalemia

What BS reading and below are we administering D5 (dextrose)? Just the number.

True or false? If a Hyperkalemic patient receiving insulin becomes hypoglycemic we MUST give them dextrose?

True

True or false? With type 1 DM insulin and glucose are administered during procedures.

True

True or false? With type 2 DM Insulin may need to be given.

True

True or false? Infection or illness causes increase in hormone levels increasing glucose levels.

True

What is SO important with sick day management for DM?

Dehydration

Select the sick day management/ teaching for DM.

Continue insulin, Notify provider if BG over 240 cotinues after 2 doses of insuli, Follow meal plan, Check BG every 4hrs, Check urine ketones notify provider if elevated for over 24 hrs, Use otc wisely (sugar)

Why is metformin not used in the hospital?

High risk for kidney failure in dehydration and IV dye use.

True or false? Sulfonylureas and beta blockers mixed together can be bad because beta blockers mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia and can even block them.

True

Health assessment questions

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Health assessment questions

thorax questions

thorax questions

breast questions

breast questions

infection control

infection control

cardiovascular

cardiovascular

lab values

lab values

gi, rectum, prostate, urinary

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gi, rectum, prostate, urinary

labs and diagnostics

labs and diagnostics

evidence based practice and clinical judgment

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evidence based practice and clinical judgment

musculoskeletal

musculoskeletal

Neuro Assessment

Neuro Assessment

Skin, hair, nails

Skin, hair, nails

Assessment

Assessment

Male and female

Male and female

HEENT

HEENT

Assessment and Health History

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Assessment and Health History

Communication

Communication

Phramocology

Phramocology

Principles of med administration

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Principles of med administration

Insulin

Insulin

Fluid and Electrolytes

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Fluid and Electrolytes

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Fluid and Electrolytes part two

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Fluid and Electrolytes part two

Older adult

Older adult

Ears and Eyes

Ears and Eyes

Immobility

Immobility

Sleep

Sleep

Oncology

Oncology

End of life

End of life

Care of patients with oral cavity disorders

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Care of patients with oral cavity disorders

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Nutriton/ undernutrition

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Nutriton/ undernutrition

Peri-op meds

Peri-op meds

Intestinal

Intestinal

liver

liver

Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters

Depression

Depression

Last part of meds

Last part of meds

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia

Treatment modalities for schizophrenia

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Treatment modalities for schizophrenia

Neurocognitive

Neurocognitive

Substance use starting with opioid use disorder

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Substance use starting with opioid use disorder

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Substance second part

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Substance second part

Sexual assault

Sexual assault

Apgar and CCHD questions

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Apgar and CCHD questions

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Labor and Deliver Nursing Care

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Labor and Deliver Nursing Care

Extra shit

Extra shit

OB math

OB math

EFM

EFM

Cultural disparities

Cultural disparities

Complications of Pregnancy Part 1 Hemorrhagic Conditons

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Complications of Pregnancy Part 1 Hemorrhagic Conditons

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Complcations of Pregnancy Part 2 Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

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Complcations of Pregnancy Part 2 Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

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Complications of pregnancy Part 3 Diabetes

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Complications of pregnancy Part 3 Diabetes

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Hereditary & Environmental

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Hereditary & Environmental

Infertility

Infertility

Medication rights

Medication rights

Cardiovascular assessment and diagnostics Part 1

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Cardiovascular assessment and diagnostics Part 1

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Cardiovascular assessment and diagnostics Part 2

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Cardiovascular assessment and diagnostics Part 2

coronary arteries

coronary arteries

ACS part 2

ACS part 2

Shock

Shock

Vascular problems part 1

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Vascular problems part 1

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Urinary disorders Part 1

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Urinary disorders Part 1

Renal failure part 1

Renal failure part 1

Endocrine Disorders Part 2: Endocrine assessment Part 1

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Endocrine Disorders Part 2: Endocrine assessment Part 1

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Endocrine Disorders Part 2: Endocrine assessment Part 2

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Endocrine Disorders Part 2: Endocrine assessment Part 2

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Endocrine disorders chart

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Endocrine disorders chart

Conversions

Conversions

Care of the school aged child

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Care of the school aged child

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Caring for patients with alterations in the genitourinary system

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Caring for patients with alterations in the genitourinary system

45問 • 1年前

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問題一覧

Select ADPIE in order

Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Intervention, Evaluation

Select SBAR in order

Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommenation

Where is glucose absorbed?

Small intestine

Select the correct words in order. When blood glucose increases Insulin SHOULD _____ to ____ blood glucose levels.

Increase, Decrease

Isulin suppresses what kind of lipoprotein? (the bad fat)

low density lipoprotien (LDL)

Insulin decides what sugar is used as energy and which to ____?

Store

Match the definition with the correct term. Low level around the clock insulin (all the time).

Basal

Match the definition with the correct term. Insulin described as burst, rising release.

Postprandial

Match the definition with the correct term. Destruction of pancreatic beta cells (the key).

Type 1 diabetes

Match the definition with the correct term. Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.

Type 2 diabetes

True or False? Type 1 diabetes is genetic.

True

Is type 2 Diabetes hereditary?

Lifestyle and SLIGHTLY hereditary

Select the two other electrolyte imbalances associated with hyperglycemia.

Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia

Match the definition to the correct term. High pottasium

Hyperkalemia

Match the definition to the correct term. Low pottasium.

Hypokalemia

What is seen first Hyperkalemia or Hypokalemia?

Hyperkalemia

True or False? Insulin can cause Hypokalemia by driving Ka+ back into cells

True

When pts with DM become dehydrated these are the 5 complications of the dehydration

Hypovolemia (Less h2o, higher conc. of glucose elec. imbalances), Hemoconcentration (increased glucose elec imbalance), Hypoperfusion (hypotension), Hypoxia, Acidosis (increase in lactic acid)

What is acidosis?

An increase in lactic acid due to livers inability to keep up

What is the result of fat breakdown and conversion of free fatty acids FFA?

Ketones

Select the correct word to fill the blank. Ketones result from break down of fat leading to an increase of _____ ___ leading to metabolic acidosis (DKA).

Lactic acid

What is the major complication of DKA?

Resipiratory filaure

Select the correct word to fill in the blank. An increase in ____ ___ causes ______ ____ overproduction and rebsorption. Eventually leading to respiratory failure.

Lactic acid, Hydorgen ion

Select the correct term that matches the definition. Type of breathing someone does when in DKA “blowing off” hydrogen ions

Kussmaul respirations

True or false? DKA is most common in type 2 diabetics

False

Select the B(B)OL of metBOLic syndrome (diabetes mellitus) in order

High B.P, High B.S, Abdominal Obesity, Hyperlipidemia

Below are symptoms of diabetes mellitus select weather they are symptoms of type 1 , type 2, or both. Abrupt onset, hunger, weight loss, increased urine output, acetone breath.

Type 1

Below are symptoms of diabetes mellitus select weather they are symptoms of type 1 , type 2, or both. Often NO symptoms, hunger, fatigue, blurred vision, microvascular complications.

Type 2

Below are symptoms of diabetes mellitus select weather they are symptoms of type 1 , type 2, or both. Thirst, slow healing infection mental status changes

Both

Select the 4 symptoms that need immediate attention.

What is is the HbgA1c test?

Glycosylated hemoglobin (avg of 3 mos)

What does a patients HbgA1C have to be for them to be considered diabetic? (Just the number not spelled out)

Select three urine tests also used when diagnosing diabetes.

Ketone bodies, Renal Funciton, Glucose

Select 4 symptoms of hyperglycemia

Polyuria (freq. urination), Polydipsia (thirsty), Polyphagia (hungry), Lipolyisis (fat break down= ketones= DKA)

What are the 4 S’s

Sepsis, Stress/ Sickness, Skip insulin, Steroids

What are the three macrovascular (chronic) complications of DM.

Coronary artery disease, Cerebrovascular disease, Peripheral vascular disease

Select the three microvascular (chronic) complications of DM.

Nephropathy, Neuropathy, Retinopathy

Select the goals of a diabetic diet.

Prevent excess prandial hyperglycemia, Prevent/ delay complications of diabetes mellitus, Maintain good B.P. levels, Prev. hypoglycemia, Achieve and maintain ideal body weight

Select the nutrition guide for diabetic patients.

Select the numbers to fill in the blanks IN order. Exercise recommendations are to do moderate to vigorous aerobic activity for ____ mins 5 days/week totaling ____ minutes a week.

30, 150

How often should diabetics do strength training per week?

Twice

True or false? Diabetics should not go more than 2 days without exercising?

True

For planned exercise what is the preferred choice to prevent hypoglycemia?

Reduction in insulin dosage

For unplanned exercise what is the preferred choice to prevent hypoglycemia?

Additonal carbohydrates

When is the best time for a diabetic to exercise?

After a meal

When should a diabetic check their B.S. when exercising? (Select all)

Before, After

If a diabetic plans on exercising upon checking their B.S it is <100 what should they do?

Eat

Is it safe for a diabetic to exercise if ketones are present (DKA)?

Yes but only light

4 positive affects of weight loss on diabetic pt.

Decreased insulin resistance, Improved measures of glycemic, Reduced dyslipidemia, Reduced B.P.

What should a diabetic do if they plan on drinking and how many drinks may they have?

Eat, 1

Match the definition to the correct class of oral agents for DM. Drugs that sensitize the body to insulin and or control hepatic glucose production. Low risk of hypoglycemia.

Biguanides (metformin)

Sulfonylueraes

Biguanides (metformin)

What are the side effects of Biguanides (metformin)?

Diarrhea abdominal discomfort, Lactic acidosis (alcohol) (DKA), Vitamin B12/ folic acid defficencies

What are the concerns of pts on metformin?

Impaired renal function, Pts receiving IV contrast

True or false? Metformin IS available in the hospital but only for the most severe DM pts.

False

Select the benefits of Biguanides (metforimin)

Cost effective, No weight gain/loss, No hypoglycemia, Lower CVD risks, Decreases Cholesteral levels, Prediabetes prevention

Why are pts on metformin taken off in the hospital and put on sliding scale insulin?

Risk for kidney failure and dehydrataion with IV contrast use.

Sulfonylureas

These oral DM manegment drugs have a high risk for hypoglycemia and beta blockers increase the risk for hypoglycemia as well as mask the symptoms.

Sulfonylureas

Insulin is made from?

Synthetic human

Where do we inject insulin?

Subq (abdomen supposed to be better)

A B.G. reading of what and above requires a call to H.O. (sliding scale)

401

For sliding scale insulin and the patient is PO when are the BGs checked? select all.

AC Before meals, HS hour of sleep

For sliding scale insulin pts NPO, on TPN, or tube feedings when are BGs checked?

At intervals q 4 hours, q 6 hours

What kind of insulin should never be mixed?

Long acting

Select 3 things we’re asking when evaluating the effectiveness of insulin?

Is it working?, Is the patient experiencing hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia?, Is it helping the patient to avoid long term complication of DM?

Select the kind of insulin used in pumps.

Rapid

True or false? Only one nurse or physician should be giving insulin via the pump?

True

What are three complications of insulin pumps?

Infection at site, Hypoglycemia, Hyperglycemia

Select the correct term to match the definition. Early morning hyperglycemia in which there is a nighttime release of hormones that increase production and uptake of glucose.

Dawn phenomenon

Select the correct term that matches the definition. Early morning hyperglycemia that is a counterregulatroy effect of hypoglycemia.

Somogyi effect

What do we do for the dawn pheneomenon? Select both answers.

Give intermediate insulin accordingly, Carb snack at night

What do we do for Somogyi effect?

Less insulin in evening

Select all(4) of the Neuroglycopenic hypoglycemia symptoms.

Headache/ confusion, Slurred speech/ behavioral changes, Coma/warm/weak, Faint/ Dizzy/ Blurred vision

Select the 4 Neurogenic symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Tremulous (shaking), Tachycardia, Nervous/ anxious, Diaphoresis

Select 4 causes of hypoglycemia.

Exercise, Alcohol, Insulin PEAK times, Nausea/ vomiting

Selecy the 4 most deadly hypoglycemia symptoms.

Cool, Pale “pallor”, Sweaty “diaphoretic” “clammy:, Nervous “anxious” “trembling”

What do beta blockers do with hypoglycemia?

mask/ block symptoms

Select 4 causes of DKA.

Sepsis, Sickness, Stress, Skip insulin

What is the 15:15 rule used for?

Treatment of hypoglycemia

With the 15:15 rule We are doing what? Select the answer in order.

Administer 15 grams of carbohydrate (or dextrose), Re-check in 15 minutes

What is the other condition not DM that we use insulin to treat?

Hyperkalemia

What BS reading and below are we administering D5 (dextrose)? Just the number.

True or false? If a Hyperkalemic patient receiving insulin becomes hypoglycemic we MUST give them dextrose?

True

True or false? With type 1 DM insulin and glucose are administered during procedures.

True

True or false? With type 2 DM Insulin may need to be given.

True

True or false? Infection or illness causes increase in hormone levels increasing glucose levels.

True

What is SO important with sick day management for DM?

Dehydration

Select the sick day management/ teaching for DM.

Why is metformin not used in the hospital?

High risk for kidney failure in dehydration and IV dye use.

True or false? Sulfonylureas and beta blockers mixed together can be bad because beta blockers mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia and can even block them.

True