CRIMC 3 (Module 3: types of abnormal behavior)

77問 • 1年前

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It is something deviating from the normal or differing from the typical, is a subjectively defined behavioral chracteristic, assigned to those with rare or dysfunctional conditions

ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR

It is a behavior that is deviant, maladaptive, or personally distressful over a long period of time

ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR

Defines abnormal behavior in medical terms as a mental illness that affects or is manifested in a person's brain and càn affect the way person thinks, behaves, and interacts with people

American Psychiatric Association (APA)

This kind of behavior that fails to meet the characteristivs of a normal person and includes inabilities in the following areas

free expression of personality, adequate security feeling, efficient contact with reality, adaptability to group norms, emotional maturity, adequate self-knowledge, integrated and consistent personality

This is a branch of knowledge that studies various aspect of criminal behavior

CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY

It refers to the "study of the mind and its working in relation to crime"

CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY

Is the scientific study of mental disorders, including efforts to understand their genetic, biological, psychological and social causes

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

It is also defined as the origin of mental disorders, how they develop, and the symptoms they might produce in person

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

Models of Abnormality

behavioral, cognitive, medical/biological, psychodynamic

believe that our actions are determined largely by the experiences we have in life rather than by underlying pathology of unconcious forces

BEHAVIORIST

Abnormality is therefore seen as the developmeny of behavior patterns that are considered maladaptive(harmful) for the individual

BEHAVIORAL

States that all behavior (including normal) is learned from the environment (nurture) and that all behavior that has seen been learnt can also be 'unlearnt'

BEHAVIORISM

The emphasis of this approach is on the environment and how behavior is acquired, through classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social learning

BEHAVIORAL

has been said to account for the development of phobias

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

This approach assumes that a person's thoughts are responsible for their behavior

COGNITIVE

The focus of this approach is on genetics, neurotransmitters, neurophysiology, neuroanatomy, biochemistry etc.

MEDICAL/BIOLOGICAL

The approach argues that menta disorders are related to the physical structure and functioning of the brain.

MEDICAL/BIOLOGICAL

The main assumptions include Freud's belief that abnormality came from the psychological causes rather than the physical causes that unresolved conflicts between the id, ego, superego can all contribute to abnormality

PSYCHODYNAMIC

He believed that early childhood experiences and unconcious motivation were responsible for disorders

FREUD

Identification of Abnormal Behavior

deviation from statistical norm, deviation from social norm, maladaptive behavior, personal distress, failure to function adequately, deviation from ideal mental health

The word abnormal means?

away from the norm

Many population facts are measured such as height, weight, and intelligence

Deviation from statistical norm

According to this definitin, a person who is extremely intelligent should be classified as abnormal

DEVIATION FROM STATISTICAL NORM

Every culture has certain standards for acceptable behavior, behavior that deviates from that standard is considered to be abnormal behavior

DEVIATION FROM SOCIAL NORM

The third criterion is how the behavior affects the well being of the individual and/or social group

MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

2 aspects of Maladaptive Behavior

maladaptive to one's self, maladaptive to society

It refers to the inabilty of a person to reach goals or to adapt the demands of lofe

MALADAPTIVE TO ONESELF

It refers to a person's obstruction or disruption to social group functioning

MALADAPTIVE TO SOCIETY

The fourt criterion considers abnormality in terms of the individual's subjective feelings, personal distress, rather than his behavior.

PERSONAL DISTRESS

Under this definition, a person is considered abnormal if they are unable to cope with the demands of everyday life.

FAILURE TO FUNCTION ADEQUATELY

The following characteristics that define failure to function adequately

suffering, maladaptiveness, vividness and unconventionality, unpredictability, irrationality, cause observer discomfort, violates moral/social standards

under this definiton, rather than defining what is abnormal, we define what normal/odeal is and anything that deviates from this is regarded as abnormal

DEVIATION FROM IDEAL MENTAL HEALTH

6 criteria by which mental health could be measured are as follows

positive view of the self, capability for growth development, autonomy and independence, accurate perception of reality, positive friendships and relationships, environmental mastery

Symptoms of Abnormal Behavior

long period discomfort, impaired functioning, bizarre behavior, disruptive behavior

this could be anything as simple as worrying about calculus test or grieving the death of a love one

LONG PERIODS OF DISCOMFORT

This distress is related to a real, related, or threatened event and passes with time

LONG PERIOD OF DISCOMFORT

Here, a distinction must be made between simply a passing period of ineffieciency and prolonged inefficiency which seems unexplainable

IMPAIRED FUNCTIONING

this behavior has no rational basis seems to indicate that the individual is confused. The psychosis frequently result in hallucination (baseless censory perceptions) or delusions (beliefs which are patently false yet held as trye by the individual)

BIZARRE BEHAVIOR

It means impulsive, apparently uncontrollable behavior that disrupts the lives of others or deprives them of their human rights on a regular basis.

DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR

This type of behavior is characteristic of a severe psychological disorder.

DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR

Is a broad term used to group physical and psychological symptoms that cause abnormal thoughts and behaviors

MENTAL DISORDERS

This may associated with the brain but they have more in common with other bodily illnesses than they do differrences.

MENTAL ILLNESS

Causes of Mental Disorder

Biological factor, Psychological factor, Social factor

Biological

genes, nutrition

Psychological

emotions, behaviors

Social

stress, trauma, environment

Is a class of functional mental disorder involving distress but neither delusions nor hallucinations, whereby behavior is not outside socially accepted norms

NEUROSIS

It is also known as psychoneurosis or neurotic disorder, and thus those suffering from it are said to be neurotic

NEUROSIS

It involves impaired social intellectual and /or vocational functioning without disorganization of personality nor loss of contact with reality

NEUROSIS

Symptoms of Neurosis

anxiety reaction, dissociative reaction, conversion reaction, phobic reaction, obsessive-compulsive reaction, depressive reaction

it has diffused fearfulness, tension, and restlesness with sometimes snowball into episodes of panic

ANXIETY REACTION

is a massive repression or dissociation of certain aspect of experience or memory varying in intensity from sleepwalking to amnesias and multiple personality disturbances

DISSOCIATIVE REACTION

illustrates symbolic resplution of conflict that imitates the effects of physical illnesses like paralysis, blindness, anesthesia

CONVERSION REACTION

refers to intense irrational fear of specific objects pr events that may have a symbolic significance on the afflicted individual

PHOBIC REACTION

tuis reaction has repititive irrational thoughts and/pr actions(compulsions) which usually involve some symbolic effort at conflict resolution

OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE REACTION

Refers to depression, usually accompanied by guilt, feelings of inferiority and anxiety

DEPRESSIVE REACTION

It came from the word ____ for mind/soul

PSYCHE

called for abnormal condition

OASIS

It means abnormal condition of the mind and is a generic psychiatric term for a mental state often described as involving a "loss of contact with reality"

PSYCHOSIS

Psychosis has the following characteristics

disorientation of time, place, and or person, delusion, hallucination, bizarre behavior, inappropriate emotional responses, distortion of thinking, association, and judgement

Symptoms of Psychosis

involution reaction, affective reaction, manic depressive reaction, schizophrenic reaction

This demonstrated severe depression during the involution period without previous history of psychosis

INVOLUTION REACTION

There is a prescence of inappropriately exaggerated mood and marked change in activity level with associated thought disorder

AFFECTIVE REACTION

This reaction shows cyclical disturbances involving various combination of alteration between excitement and delusional optimism on the one hand and immobilizing, delusional depression on the other

MANIC-DEPRESSIVE REACTION

This reaction are bizarre behavior; disturbances of thought and reality testing; emotional withdrawal; and varying levels of psychotic thinking and behavior

SCHIZOPHRENIC REACTION

It is psychological disorder that involves excessive levels of negative emotions, such as neevousness, tension, worry, fright and anxiety

ANXIETY DISORDER

It is generalized feeling of apprehension, fear, or tension that may be associated with a particular object or situation or may be free-floating, not associated with anything specific

ANXIETY DISORDER

it can cause such distress that it interferes with a person's ability to lead a normal life

ANXIETY DISORDER

It is an emotional and physiological response to a recognized external threat or a response to a real danger or threat

FEAR

Defined as an unpleasant emotional state for which the cause is either not readily identified or perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable

ANXIETY

Symptoms of an Anxiety Disorder

feelings of panic, fear, and uneasiness, uncontrollable, obsessive thoughts, repeated thoughts pr flashbacks of traumatic experiences, nightmares, ritualistic behaviors, such as repeated hand washing, problem sleeping, cold or sweaty hands and/or feet, shortness of breath, palpitations, an inability to be still and calm, dry mouth, numbness or tingling in the hands or feet, nausea, muscle tension, dizziness

Types of Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Panic Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Specific Phobias, Social Anxiety Disorder

3 types of Anxiety according to Freud

Reality Anxiety, Neurotic Anxiety, Moral Anxiety

Refers to fear of real dangers in the external world

REALITY ANXIETY

reRefers to fear that instinct will get out of control and cause the person to do something for which he or she will be punished

NEUROTIC ANXIETY

Is the fear of the conscience.

MORAL ANXIETY

People with well-developed superegos tend to feel guilty when they do something that is contrary to the moral code by which they have been raised

MORAL ANXIETY

CLAW J 2

Allysah Marie Ares · 80問 · 2年前

CLAW J 2