MICRO LEC

65問 • 1年前

Yami

通報

問題一覧

Relaxes supercoiling ahead of the replication fork

DNA gyrase

Makes covalent bonds to join DNA strands

DNA ligase

Synthesize DNA; proofread and facilitate repair of DNA

DNA polymerase

Cut DNA backbone in a strand of DNA

Endonuclease

Cut DNA from an exposed end of DNA

Exonuclease

Unwinds double-stranded DNA

Helicase

Adds methyl group to selected bases in newly made DNA

Methylase

Uses visible lighy energy to separate UV-induced pyrimidine dimers

Photolyase

RNA polymerase that makes RNA primers from a DNA template

Primase

RNA enzyme that removes introns and splices exons together

Ribozyme

Copies RNA from a DNA template

RNA polymerase

Refers to exchange of genes between two DNA molecules to form new combinations of genes on a chromosome

DNA recombination

Occurs when genes are passed from an organism to its offspring

Vertical gene transfer

Pass their genes laterally to other microbes

Horizontal gene transfer

The recipient cell that incorporated donor DNA into its own DNA

Recombinant

Process where in genes are transferred from one bacterium to another as “naked” DNA in solution

Transformation

Requires direct cell-to-cell contact

Conjugation

Bacterial DNA is transferred from a donor cell to recipient inside a virus that infects bacteria

Transduction

Destruction or removal of all forms of microbial life, including endospores but with the possible exception of prions.

Sterilization

Sufficient heat treatment to kill endospores of Clostridium botulinum in canned food.

Commercial sterilization

Destruction of vegetative pathogens on inanimate objects.

Disinfection

Destruction of vegetative pathogens on living tissues

Antisepsis

Removal of microbes from a limited area, such as the skin around an injection site.

Degerming

Treatment is intended to lower microbialcounts on eating and drinking utensils to safe public health levels.

Sanitization

sterilizing agent

Sterilant

Kills vegetative bacterial and fungal pathogens and many viruses within 10 min; less effective on endospores.

Boiling steam

Very effective method of sterilization; at about 15 psi of pressure (121°C), all vegetative cells and their endospores are killed in about 15 min.

Autoclaving

Heat treatment for milk (72°C for about 15 sec) that kills all pathogens and most nonpathogens.

Pasteurization

Very effective method of sterilization. Used for inoculating loops

Direct flaming

Very effective method of sterilization. Used for disposal of contaminated dressings, animal carcasses, and paper.

Incineration

Very effective method of sterilization but requires temperature of 170°C for about 2 hr. Used for empty glassware

Hot-air sterilization

from the Greek for decay or putrid; indicates bacterial contamination

Sepsis

an object or area is free of pathogens

Aseptic

the absence of significant contamination

Asepsis

the minimal length of time for all bacteria in a particular liquid culture to be killed at a given temperature

Thermal death time

the time, in minutes, in which 90% of a population of bacteria at a given temperature will be killed

Decimal reduction time

preferred method of sterilization inhealth care environments, unless the material to be sterilized can be damaged by heat or moisture

Autoclaving

mild heating, which was sufficient to kill the organisms that caused the particular spoilage problem without seriously damaging the taste of the product

Pasteurization

Can be stored for several months without refrigeration

Ultra high temperature treatment

passage of a liquid or gas through a screenlike material with pores small enough to retain microorganisms

Filtration

Has a bacteriostatic effect

Refrigeration

An effective method preserving microbial cultures, food, and drugs

Deep-freezing

Most effective method for long-term preservation of microbial cultures, food, and drug

Lyophilization

irritates the skin and has disagreeable odor

Phenols

derivatives of phenols that has been chemically altered to reduce its irritating qualities or increase its antibacterial activity in combination with a soap or detergent

Phenolics

ingredient of a prescription lotion used for surgical and hospital microbial control

Hexachlorphene

ingredient in antibacterial soaps, toothpastes, and mouthwashes; its use is now widespread that resistant bacteriahave been reported; it inhibits an enzyme needed for the biosynthesis of fatty acids (lipids) which mainly affects the integrity of the plasma membran

Triclosan

frequently used for microbial control on skin and mucous membranes; often used for surgical hand scrubs

Chlorhexidine

Mixture of hydrocarbons extracted from plants; used in traditional medicine and preserving foods

Essential oils

one of the oldest and most effective antiseptics; impairs protein synthesis and alters cell membranes

Iodine

As a gas or in combination with other chemicals; hypochlorous acid (HOCl) that forms when chlorine is added to water

Chlorine

used to disinfect dairy equipment and restaurant eating utensils

Calcium hypochlorite

Household disinfectant

Sodium hypochlorite

Effectively kill bacteria and fungi but not endospores and nonenveloped viruses

Alcohol

70% - recommended optimum concentration; pure ethanol is less effective than aqueous solutions because denaturation requires water

Ethanol

Often sold as rubbing alcohol; slightly superior to ethanol as an antiseptic and disinfectant

Isopropanol

topical cream for use on burns

Silver-sulfadiazine

chiefly used to destroy green algae

Copper sulfate

prevent molds from growing in cheese and soft drinks

Sodium benzoate

often added to cheese toinhibit the growth of certain endospore-forming spoilage bacteria

Nisin

antifungal antibiotic mostly used in cheese

Natamycin

Among the most effective antimicrobials

Aldehydes

short-lived gas; has been used to fumigateenclosed building areas contaminated with endospores of anthrax

Chlorine dioxide

a state of matter in which a gas is excited by an electromagnetic field

Plasmas

Used for sterilizing long, hollow tubes

Plasma sterilization

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION

Yami · 31問 · 2年前

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION

31問 • 2年前

Yami

Female and male reproductive system

Yami · 31問 · 2年前

Female and male reproductive system

31問 • 2年前

Yami

Poultry lab terminologies #1

Yami · 40問 · 2年前

Poultry lab terminologies #1

40問 • 2年前

Yami

Poultry lab external anatomy and reproductive system

Yami · 23問 · 2年前

Poultry lab external anatomy and reproductive system

Poultry lab (breeds)

Poultry lab (breeds)

Egg

Egg

QUIZ GRP 1

QUIZ GRP 1

QUIZ GENETICS

QUIZ GENETICS

AI and MOET

AI and MOET

SWINE LAB REPORT

SWINE LAB REPORT

Slaughtering of pig

Slaughtering of pig

Improvement and Control Traits

Yami · 61問 · 1年前

Improvement and Control Traits

poultry lab finals

poultry lab finals

POULTRY LEC

POULTRY LEC

ANAT101A - Introduction to Veterinary Anatomy

Yami · 70問 · 1年前

ANAT101A - Introduction to Veterinary Anatomy

BASC107A

BASC107A

ANAT101B - 1ST MIDTERM

Yami · 100問 · 1年前

ANAT101B - 1ST MIDTERM

AXIAL MUSCLE

AXIAL MUSCLE

ANAT101A - Recap of Biology and Zoology

Yami · 32問 · 1年前

ANAT101A - Recap of Biology and Zoology

32問 • 1年前

Yami

ANAT101 - General osteology and the axial skeleton

Yami · 25問 · 1年前

ANAT101 - General osteology and the axial skeleton

25問 • 1年前

Yami

ANAT101A - Introduction to Veterinary Anatomy

Yami · 70問 · 1年前

ANAT101A - Introduction to Veterinary Anatomy

70問 • 1年前

Yami

ANAT101A - Descriptive Terms

Yami · 19問 · 1年前

ANAT101A - Descriptive Terms

19問 • 1年前

Yami

ANAT101A - The Axial and Appendicular Skeleton and Special Topic (Recording)

Yami · 38問 · 1年前

ANAT101A - The Axial and Appendicular Skeleton and Special Topic (Recording)

38問 • 1年前

Yami

BASC107A - PART 2 MIDTERMS

Yami · 88問 · 1年前

BASC107A - PART 2 MIDTERMS

BASC108B

BASC108B

BASC108B PART 2

BASC108B PART 2

BASC108A 1

BASC108A 1

BASC108A 2

BASC108A 2

DEVA100B

DEVA100B

DEVA100A

DEVA100A

BASC101B Finals

BASC101B Finals

Digestive System

Digestive System

Respiratory, Urinary, and Reproductive System

Yami · 41問 · 1年前

Respiratory, Urinary, and Reproductive System

Nervous System

Nervous System

Circulatory System

Circulatory System

ANAT101A - Digestive System

Yami · 18問 · 1年前

ANAT101A - Digestive System

OSTEOLOGY

OSTEOLOGY

HISTO LEC PART 2 midterms

Yami · 54問 · 1年前

HISTO LEC PART 2 midterms

PHYSIO LEC

PHYSIO LEC

問題一覧

Relaxes supercoiling ahead of the replication fork

DNA gyrase

Makes covalent bonds to join DNA strands

DNA ligase

Synthesize DNA; proofread and facilitate repair of DNA

DNA polymerase

Cut DNA backbone in a strand of DNA

Endonuclease

Cut DNA from an exposed end of DNA

Exonuclease

Unwinds double-stranded DNA

Helicase

Adds methyl group to selected bases in newly made DNA

Methylase

Uses visible lighy energy to separate UV-induced pyrimidine dimers

Photolyase

RNA polymerase that makes RNA primers from a DNA template

Primase

RNA enzyme that removes introns and splices exons together

Ribozyme

Copies RNA from a DNA template

RNA polymerase

Refers to exchange of genes between two DNA molecules to form new combinations of genes on a chromosome

DNA recombination

Occurs when genes are passed from an organism to its offspring

Vertical gene transfer

Pass their genes laterally to other microbes

Horizontal gene transfer

The recipient cell that incorporated donor DNA into its own DNA

Recombinant

Process where in genes are transferred from one bacterium to another as “naked” DNA in solution

Transformation

Requires direct cell-to-cell contact

Conjugation

Bacterial DNA is transferred from a donor cell to recipient inside a virus that infects bacteria

Transduction

Destruction or removal of all forms of microbial life, including endospores but with the possible exception of prions.

Sterilization

Sufficient heat treatment to kill endospores of Clostridium botulinum in canned food.

Commercial sterilization

Destruction of vegetative pathogens on inanimate objects.

Disinfection

Destruction of vegetative pathogens on living tissues

Antisepsis

Removal of microbes from a limited area, such as the skin around an injection site.

Degerming

Treatment is intended to lower microbialcounts on eating and drinking utensils to safe public health levels.

Sanitization

sterilizing agent

Sterilant

Kills vegetative bacterial and fungal pathogens and many viruses within 10 min; less effective on endospores.

Boiling steam

Very effective method of sterilization; at about 15 psi of pressure (121°C), all vegetative cells and their endospores are killed in about 15 min.

Autoclaving

Heat treatment for milk (72°C for about 15 sec) that kills all pathogens and most nonpathogens.

Pasteurization

Very effective method of sterilization. Used for inoculating loops

Direct flaming

Very effective method of sterilization. Used for disposal of contaminated dressings, animal carcasses, and paper.

Incineration

Very effective method of sterilization but requires temperature of 170°C for about 2 hr. Used for empty glassware

Hot-air sterilization

from the Greek for decay or putrid; indicates bacterial contamination

Sepsis

an object or area is free of pathogens

Aseptic

the absence of significant contamination

Asepsis

the minimal length of time for all bacteria in a particular liquid culture to be killed at a given temperature

Thermal death time

the time, in minutes, in which 90% of a population of bacteria at a given temperature will be killed

Decimal reduction time

preferred method of sterilization inhealth care environments, unless the material to be sterilized can be damaged by heat or moisture

Autoclaving

mild heating, which was sufficient to kill the organisms that caused the particular spoilage problem without seriously damaging the taste of the product

Pasteurization

Can be stored for several months without refrigeration

Ultra high temperature treatment

passage of a liquid or gas through a screenlike material with pores small enough to retain microorganisms

Filtration

Has a bacteriostatic effect

Refrigeration

An effective method preserving microbial cultures, food, and drugs

Deep-freezing

Most effective method for long-term preservation of microbial cultures, food, and drug

Lyophilization

irritates the skin and has disagreeable odor

Phenols

derivatives of phenols that has been chemically altered to reduce its irritating qualities or increase its antibacterial activity in combination with a soap or detergent

Phenolics

ingredient of a prescription lotion used for surgical and hospital microbial control

Hexachlorphene

Triclosan

frequently used for microbial control on skin and mucous membranes; often used for surgical hand scrubs

Chlorhexidine

Mixture of hydrocarbons extracted from plants; used in traditional medicine and preserving foods

Essential oils

one of the oldest and most effective antiseptics; impairs protein synthesis and alters cell membranes

Iodine

As a gas or in combination with other chemicals; hypochlorous acid (HOCl) that forms when chlorine is added to water

Chlorine

used to disinfect dairy equipment and restaurant eating utensils

Calcium hypochlorite

Household disinfectant

Sodium hypochlorite

Effectively kill bacteria and fungi but not endospores and nonenveloped viruses

Alcohol

70% - recommended optimum concentration; pure ethanol is less effective than aqueous solutions because denaturation requires water

Ethanol

Often sold as rubbing alcohol; slightly superior to ethanol as an antiseptic and disinfectant

Isopropanol

topical cream for use on burns

Silver-sulfadiazine

chiefly used to destroy green algae

Copper sulfate

prevent molds from growing in cheese and soft drinks

Sodium benzoate

often added to cheese toinhibit the growth of certain endospore-forming spoilage bacteria

Nisin

antifungal antibiotic mostly used in cheese

Natamycin

Among the most effective antimicrobials

Aldehydes

short-lived gas; has been used to fumigateenclosed building areas contaminated with endospores of anthrax

Chlorine dioxide

a state of matter in which a gas is excited by an electromagnetic field

Plasmas

Used for sterilizing long, hollow tubes

Plasma sterilization