SW 11 - 2

30問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

通報

問題一覧

as a social construct

grammatical gender & gender

as a biological characteristic of living beings

sex

(he, she, her and his)

pronouns and possessive

(police officer for policeman/policewoman, spokesperson for spokesman, chair/chairperson for chairman).

some nouns and forms of address

When referring to or addressing specific individuals, use ___ and ___ that are consistent with their gender identity.

Forms of address, pronouns

When referring to or addressing specific individuals, use forms of address and pronouns that are ____.

consistent with their gender identity

Care should be taken to use the form of address preferred by each individual. However, when that preference is not known, ___ over Mrs.

precedence is given to Ms.

Discriminatory examples: “She throws/runs/fights like a girl.” “In a manly way.” “Oh, that’s women’s work.”

Avoid gender-biased expressions

How do I know if I am using discriminatory language?

Reverse the gender

“Women should not seek out leadership positions.” “Men cannot do two things at the same time.”

Reverse the gender

The use of both feminine and masculine forms (he or she; her or his)

Pairing

Example: “When a staff member accepts an offer of employment, he or she must be able to assume that the offer is duly authorized.

Pairing

This strategy should be used only when popular beliefs or preconceptions may obscure the action of either gender.

Using two different words

Example: “Boys and girls should attend the first cooking class with their parents.“

Using two different words

Example: Mankind — humanity manpower — staff

Use gender-neutral words

“Before submitting your document, send it to the focal point for their review; they will return it to you with comments.”

Using plural pronouns/adjectives

“A staff member in Antarctica earns less than one in New York.”

Use the pronoun one

“A complainant who is not satisfied with the board’s decision can ask for a rehearing.”

Use the relative pronoun who

“Substitute judges must certify that they have familiarized themselves with the record of the proceedings.”

Use a plural antecedent

“Requests the Emergency Relief Coordinator to continue efforts to strengthen the coordination of humanitarian assistance.”

Omit the gendered word

“The author of a communication must have direct and reliable evidence of the situation being described.”

Use the passive voice

It is a process by which a participant or legal guardian voluntarily confirms his or her willingness to participate in a particular research project.

Consent

Consent is a process by which a participant or legal guardian voluntarily confirms his or her ___ in a particular research project

willingness to participate

It is the voluntary agreement of an individual, or his or her authorized representative, who has the legal capacity to give consent, and who exercises free power of choice, without undue inducement or any other form of constraint or coercion to participate in research. (Levine, R.J. "Ethics and Regulations of Clinical Research." New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988.)

Informed consent

Informed consent is the voluntary agreement of an individual, or his or her authorized representative, who has the ___ to give consent, and who exercises free power of choice, ___ or any other form of constraint or coercion to participate in research.

legal capacity, without undue inducement

The individual must have sufficient knowledge and understanding of the nature of the proposed research, the anticipated risks and potential benefits, and the requirements of the research to be able to make an informed decision.

Informed consent

The individual must have ___ of the nature of the proposed research, the ___ , and the requirements of the research to be able to make an informed decision.

sufficient knowledge and understanding, anticipated risks and potential benefits

It is a term used to express willingness to participate in research by persons who are by definition too young to give informed consent but who are old enough to understand in general.

Assent

"Assent" is a term used to express willingness to participate in research by persons who are by definition ___ but who are ___ in general.

too young to give informed consent, old enough to understand

Assent by itself is not sufficient, however. If assent is given, ___ from the subject's parents or guardian.

informed consent must still be obtained

SW7 - Midterm (Stages and Models of Policy Formulation/Making)

ユーザ名非公開 · 83問 · 1年前

SW7 - Midterm (Stages and Models of Policy Formulation/Making)

SW10 - Midterm

SW10 - Midterm

SW11 - Midterm

SW11 - Midterm

SW 9

SW 9

SW 9 - 2

SW 9 - 2

SW9 Report

SW9 Report

Statistics

Statistics

Statistics 2

Statistics 2

SW 11 - 1

SW 11 - 1

SW 10 - Casework 1

SW 10 - Casework 1

SW 10 - Casework 2

SW 10 - Casework 2

SW 7

SW 7

SW 7 - Report

SW 7 - Report

問題一覧

as a social construct

grammatical gender & gender

as a biological characteristic of living beings

sex

(he, she, her and his)

pronouns and possessive

(police officer for policeman/policewoman, spokesperson for spokesman, chair/chairperson for chairman).

some nouns and forms of address

When referring to or addressing specific individuals, use ___ and ___ that are consistent with their gender identity.

Forms of address, pronouns

When referring to or addressing specific individuals, use forms of address and pronouns that are ____.

consistent with their gender identity

Care should be taken to use the form of address preferred by each individual. However, when that preference is not known, ___ over Mrs.

precedence is given to Ms.

Discriminatory examples: “She throws/runs/fights like a girl.” “In a manly way.” “Oh, that’s women’s work.”

Avoid gender-biased expressions

How do I know if I am using discriminatory language?

Reverse the gender

“Women should not seek out leadership positions.” “Men cannot do two things at the same time.”

Reverse the gender

The use of both feminine and masculine forms (he or she; her or his)

Pairing

Example: “When a staff member accepts an offer of employment, he or she must be able to assume that the offer is duly authorized.

Pairing

This strategy should be used only when popular beliefs or preconceptions may obscure the action of either gender.

Using two different words

Example: “Boys and girls should attend the first cooking class with their parents.“

Using two different words

Example: Mankind — humanity manpower — staff

Use gender-neutral words

“Before submitting your document, send it to the focal point for their review; they will return it to you with comments.”

Using plural pronouns/adjectives

“A staff member in Antarctica earns less than one in New York.”

Use the pronoun one

“A complainant who is not satisfied with the board’s decision can ask for a rehearing.”

Use the relative pronoun who

“Substitute judges must certify that they have familiarized themselves with the record of the proceedings.”

Use a plural antecedent

“Requests the Emergency Relief Coordinator to continue efforts to strengthen the coordination of humanitarian assistance.”

Omit the gendered word

“The author of a communication must have direct and reliable evidence of the situation being described.”

Use the passive voice

It is a process by which a participant or legal guardian voluntarily confirms his or her willingness to participate in a particular research project.

Consent

Consent is a process by which a participant or legal guardian voluntarily confirms his or her ___ in a particular research project

willingness to participate

Informed consent

legal capacity, without undue inducement

Informed consent

The individual must have ___ of the nature of the proposed research, the ___ , and the requirements of the research to be able to make an informed decision.

sufficient knowledge and understanding, anticipated risks and potential benefits

It is a term used to express willingness to participate in research by persons who are by definition too young to give informed consent but who are old enough to understand in general.

Assent

"Assent" is a term used to express willingness to participate in research by persons who are by definition ___ but who are ___ in general.

too young to give informed consent, old enough to understand

Assent by itself is not sufficient, however. If assent is given, ___ from the subject's parents or guardian.

informed consent must still be obtained