Raise aircraft alpha to just less than the stick shaker speed

In the primary part of the combustion chamber

Only by the aircraft battery

Pneumatic reserve braking

Larger due to the reduced mass airflow

Pitch attitude

commands the steering valve to select the nose wheel in neutral during gear retraction

Super ahead of the shockwave, sub sonic behind with no change in direction

EGT

Reduce turbulent flow separation, and preserve the elevator authority at all flight speeds

Reduced specific gravity, causes microbial infestation and sludge

There is a bulge in the tread

Selecting "recycle" mode on the air conditioner controller

Turns in the opposite direction to the nose gear to reduce tyre scuffing

Directional stability is strong compared to lateral stability

Both to increase

The Mmo value to eventually be exceeded

Decrease the takeoff thrust setting, and/or move the CoG forward

Decreases it

With a bank toward the live engine, less rudder deflection will be needed, and the skid balls will be slightly displaced to the live engine side

A requirement for pitch up trim, a yaw to the left, right rudder trim required

High density altitude, dihedral and skid induced blanketing of the live engine wing, reduce Vmca values

Induced drag is highest at the angle of attack of maximum lift

Further rearward

Mcrit and Mcdr are both higher

Shark teeth or stall strips are fitted to the leading edges near the wing roots to allow the wing roots to stall first, and provide more stable static longitudinal stability at the stall

Slots and slats re energise the boundary layer, slats and LE flaps increase the camber

Contribute most to lift values at high angles of attack

Lower alpha and drag, higher approach speeds, improved view over the nose

Increases camber, drag and wing area. Deployment requires nose up trim changes

First over the upper wing surace where airflow reduces to below Mach 1. The lower the shockwave forms later, but reaches the trailing edge before the upper shock

The centre of lift moves aft, lift reduces, and a nose down pitch moment occurs

Mcrit, Mcdr, Mfs speed of sound, Mdet

Temp and pressure rise, velocity and Mach number decrease, density increase

through an oblique shockwave changes direction but does not through a normal shockwave

Low speed stall indicated airspeed increases cumulatively as altitude is gained

Lower with increase turbulence/greater bank angle

Reduces it

high or low speed buffet

Check valve

Pneumatic system is lighter than an equivalent hydraulic system

Automatically should normal system pressure fail

Most air transport jet aircraft use electrical starter mechanisms

60%

30%

18 - 24 degrees

Bleed air extraction during takeoff reduces takeoff and climb performance

Pre cooler cold air is supplied from the expansion turbine. This is called bootstrapping

Three autopilots engage at 1500ft RA