問題一覧
1
What lung problem is ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scanning used to detect?
Pulmonary embolism
2
Which of the following structures will result in the most radiopaque shadow on the chest radiograph?
Ribs
3
The right heart shadow is not visible on your patient’s chest radiograph. Which of the following pathologies may explain this?
Right middle lobe pneumonia
4
In which of the following situations is obtaining a chest radiograph least useful?
When the static pressure drops by 2 cm H2O during CMV
5
In what pulmonary condition does the chest radiograph often “lag behind” the clinical status of the patient?
Pneumonia
6
Which radiographic view of the chest allows the physician to read the best quality film?
Posteroanterior
7
Your patient just had an anteroposterior chest film taken. When you view the film, what may be a consideration?
The heart may appear larger than it really is.
8
What abnormality may appear to be present on the chest x-ray but is simply due to abnormal rotation of the patient during production of the film?
Widened mediastinum
9
What problem exists when interpreting an overexposed chest film?
There is difficulty in seeing the peripheral blood vessels.
10
In the standard posteroanterior chest film, the heart shadow should be less than what proportion of the chest width?
50%
11
Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the chest would be least useful for which of the following?
To evaluate patients with asthma
12
Which of the following diseases are typically evaluated using high-resolution CT?
1. Emphysema
2. Asthma
3. Bronchiectasis
4. Interstitial lung disease
1, 3, and 4 only
13
CT angiography is most often used to evaluate the patient for which of the following conditions?
Pulmonary emboli
14
Which of the following is a major limitation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the chest?
Cannot be used in patients with pacemakers.
15
Which of the following structures in the chest is typically examined using MRI?
1. Lung parenchyma
2. Hilar structures
3. Large vessels in the lung
4. Structures in the mediastinum
2, 3, and 4 only
16
Which of the following statements is false regarding the use of ultrasound to image the chest?
It is useful to image lung tissue.
17
Blunting of the costophrenic angles seen on the posteroanterior or lateral chest film typically indicates:
excess pleural fluid.
18
Which chest x-ray view is best used to identify excess pleural fluid?
Lateral decubitus
19
What is the earliest sign of a left-sided pleural effusion on an upright chest radiograph?
An increased distance between the inferior margin of the left lung and the stomach gas bubble
20
An air-fluid level in the pleural space typically indicates:
hydropneumothorax
21
In which of the following would loculation of pleural fluid be as likely to occur?
1. Empyema
2. Exudative fluid
3. Hemothorax
4. Congestive heart failure
1, 2, and 3 only
22
What is indicated by the presence of gas bubbles within the pleural fluid without prior surgery or needle insertion?
Empyema
23
Which of the following statements is false regarding the use of the chest x-ray to detect a pneumothorax?
The standard chest film is of limited use in detecting a pneumothorax.
24
Which of the following statements is false regarding the recognition and treatment of a tension pneumothorax as seen on the chest radiograph?
The patient should be intubated.
25
What term is used to describe the shadows seen on the chest film when the alveoli fill with pus, fluid, or blood?
Infiltrates
26
Which of the following is false regarding the visualization of air bronchograms on the chest film?
They are caused by air-filled airways surrounded by consolidation.
27
Which of the following are typical causes of pulmonary edema as seen on the chest radiograph?
1. Left heart failure
2. Renal failure
3. Cor pulmonale
4. Fluid overload
1, 2, and 4 only
28
What is the most common cause of cephalization as seen on the upright chest film?
Left heart failure
29
What term is used to describe the predominance of edema in the hilar regions of both lungs with progressively less edema in the more peripheral areas of the lungs as seen on the chest film?
Bat’s wing
30
Which of the following statements best describe the typical findings on a chest radiograph for a patient with interstitial lung disease?
Diffuse bilateral infiltrates
31
Which of the following is the most common type of interstitial lung disease?
Sarcoidosis
32
What is the most common cause of pulmonary fibrosis?
Unknown
33
What type of imaging is most useful for diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
HRCT
34
Which of the following is not a typical cause of atelectasis?
Hepatomegaly
35
What is the most common cause of lobar atelectasis?
Bronchial obstruction
36
Which of the following are common radiographic findings seen in patients with volume loss due to atelectasis?
1. Elevation of the hemidiaphragm
2. Narrowing of the space between the ribs
3. Increase in the retrosternal airspace
4. Shift of the mediastinum
1, 2, and 4 only
37
Which of the following findings on the chest radiograph is considered a secondary sign of emphysema?
Flattening of the diaphragm
38
What imaging technique would be most useful to determine which patients with emphysema may benefit from lung volume reduction surgery?
Chest HRCT
39
How many solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) would be encountered for every 1000 routine chest radiographs?
1 or 2
40
Radiographically, into how many compartments is the mediastinum divided?
Three
41
What is the best imaging technique for examining mediastinal masses?
Chest CT
42
Which of the following is least likely to cause pneumomediastinum?
Pericarditis
43
What is the optimal position of the endotracheal tube following intubation as seen on the chest radiograph?
5 to 7 cm above the carina
44
What is the optimal position of the tip of an intra-aortic balloon pump?
2 cm above the carina
45
What are the two most common reasons for placing a chest tube?
Pneumothorax and empyema
46
A 49-year-old COPD patient arrives to the ER complaining of shortness of breath (SOB) and difficulty breathing. The physical examination reveals bilateral coarse crackles throughout the lung fields, pedal edema, and hepatomegaly. The chest x-ray shows bilateral fluffy infiltrates with a “bat’s wing” configuration. What clinical condition you may suspect on this patient?
Left heart failure
47
A high-resolution CAT scan of a 62-year-old smoker has revealed several nodules on the right lung. Which of the following procedures would you suggest to assess the “malignancy” of these nodules?
Positron emission tomography
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90問 • 2年前問題一覧
1
What lung problem is ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scanning used to detect?
Pulmonary embolism
2
Which of the following structures will result in the most radiopaque shadow on the chest radiograph?
Ribs
3
The right heart shadow is not visible on your patient’s chest radiograph. Which of the following pathologies may explain this?
Right middle lobe pneumonia
4
In which of the following situations is obtaining a chest radiograph least useful?
When the static pressure drops by 2 cm H2O during CMV
5
In what pulmonary condition does the chest radiograph often “lag behind” the clinical status of the patient?
Pneumonia
6
Which radiographic view of the chest allows the physician to read the best quality film?
Posteroanterior
7
Your patient just had an anteroposterior chest film taken. When you view the film, what may be a consideration?
The heart may appear larger than it really is.
8
What abnormality may appear to be present on the chest x-ray but is simply due to abnormal rotation of the patient during production of the film?
Widened mediastinum
9
What problem exists when interpreting an overexposed chest film?
There is difficulty in seeing the peripheral blood vessels.
10
In the standard posteroanterior chest film, the heart shadow should be less than what proportion of the chest width?
50%
11
Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the chest would be least useful for which of the following?
To evaluate patients with asthma
12
Which of the following diseases are typically evaluated using high-resolution CT?
1. Emphysema
2. Asthma
3. Bronchiectasis
4. Interstitial lung disease
1, 3, and 4 only
13
CT angiography is most often used to evaluate the patient for which of the following conditions?
Pulmonary emboli
14
Which of the following is a major limitation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the chest?
Cannot be used in patients with pacemakers.
15
Which of the following structures in the chest is typically examined using MRI?
1. Lung parenchyma
2. Hilar structures
3. Large vessels in the lung
4. Structures in the mediastinum
2, 3, and 4 only
16
Which of the following statements is false regarding the use of ultrasound to image the chest?
It is useful to image lung tissue.
17
Blunting of the costophrenic angles seen on the posteroanterior or lateral chest film typically indicates:
excess pleural fluid.
18
Which chest x-ray view is best used to identify excess pleural fluid?
Lateral decubitus
19
What is the earliest sign of a left-sided pleural effusion on an upright chest radiograph?
An increased distance between the inferior margin of the left lung and the stomach gas bubble
20
An air-fluid level in the pleural space typically indicates:
hydropneumothorax
21
In which of the following would loculation of pleural fluid be as likely to occur?
1. Empyema
2. Exudative fluid
3. Hemothorax
4. Congestive heart failure
1, 2, and 3 only
22
What is indicated by the presence of gas bubbles within the pleural fluid without prior surgery or needle insertion?
Empyema
23
Which of the following statements is false regarding the use of the chest x-ray to detect a pneumothorax?
The standard chest film is of limited use in detecting a pneumothorax.
24
Which of the following statements is false regarding the recognition and treatment of a tension pneumothorax as seen on the chest radiograph?
The patient should be intubated.
25
What term is used to describe the shadows seen on the chest film when the alveoli fill with pus, fluid, or blood?
Infiltrates
26
Which of the following is false regarding the visualization of air bronchograms on the chest film?
They are caused by air-filled airways surrounded by consolidation.
27
Which of the following are typical causes of pulmonary edema as seen on the chest radiograph?
1. Left heart failure
2. Renal failure
3. Cor pulmonale
4. Fluid overload
1, 2, and 4 only
28
What is the most common cause of cephalization as seen on the upright chest film?
Left heart failure
29
What term is used to describe the predominance of edema in the hilar regions of both lungs with progressively less edema in the more peripheral areas of the lungs as seen on the chest film?
Bat’s wing
30
Which of the following statements best describe the typical findings on a chest radiograph for a patient with interstitial lung disease?
Diffuse bilateral infiltrates
31
Which of the following is the most common type of interstitial lung disease?
Sarcoidosis
32
What is the most common cause of pulmonary fibrosis?
Unknown
33
What type of imaging is most useful for diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
HRCT
34
Which of the following is not a typical cause of atelectasis?
Hepatomegaly
35
What is the most common cause of lobar atelectasis?
Bronchial obstruction
36
Which of the following are common radiographic findings seen in patients with volume loss due to atelectasis?
1. Elevation of the hemidiaphragm
2. Narrowing of the space between the ribs
3. Increase in the retrosternal airspace
4. Shift of the mediastinum
1, 2, and 4 only
37
Which of the following findings on the chest radiograph is considered a secondary sign of emphysema?
Flattening of the diaphragm
38
What imaging technique would be most useful to determine which patients with emphysema may benefit from lung volume reduction surgery?
Chest HRCT
39
How many solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) would be encountered for every 1000 routine chest radiographs?
1 or 2
40
Radiographically, into how many compartments is the mediastinum divided?
Three
41
What is the best imaging technique for examining mediastinal masses?
Chest CT
42
Which of the following is least likely to cause pneumomediastinum?
Pericarditis
43
What is the optimal position of the endotracheal tube following intubation as seen on the chest radiograph?
5 to 7 cm above the carina
44
What is the optimal position of the tip of an intra-aortic balloon pump?
2 cm above the carina
45
What are the two most common reasons for placing a chest tube?
Pneumothorax and empyema
46
A 49-year-old COPD patient arrives to the ER complaining of shortness of breath (SOB) and difficulty breathing. The physical examination reveals bilateral coarse crackles throughout the lung fields, pedal edema, and hepatomegaly. The chest x-ray shows bilateral fluffy infiltrates with a “bat’s wing” configuration. What clinical condition you may suspect on this patient?
Left heart failure
47
A high-resolution CAT scan of a 62-year-old smoker has revealed several nodules on the right lung. Which of the following procedures would you suggest to assess the “malignancy” of these nodules?
Positron emission tomography