ch. 11

85問 • 2年前

問題一覧

The time at which a nerve can no longer accept electrolyte transfer or stimulation is best referred to as which of the following?

Refractory period

Which of the following describes the moment at which a nerve cannot receive further electrolyte transfer?

The refractory period

Which of the following is imperative for muscle contraction?

Calcium

Acetylcholine is broken down by which of the following?

Acetylcholinesterase

For which of the following reasons would you not administer an NMBA?

Increased spontaneous breathing

MBAs can be effective with a mechanically ventilated patient because the agents: I.Reduce spontaneous breathing II.Prevent movement that could dislodge tubes III.Increase oxygen consumption IV.Improve patient-ventilator synchrony

I, II, & IV

What is the end result of the mechanism of action of acetylcholinesterase?

End muscle contraction

Which of the following is a depolarizing NMBA?

Anectine

What is the process called when an impulse travels down a nerve fiber?

Action potential

Which of the following can be administered to reverse the effects of a nondepolarizing agent? I.Neostigmine II.Pyridostigmine III.Cholinesterase inhibitors IV.Cholinesterase

I, II, & III

Nondepolarizing agents are competitive antagonist medications. How does a nondepolarizing agent achieve paralysis?

It prevents acetylcholine from attaching to a receptor.

Which of the following agents can be used to reverse a neuromuscular blockade? I.Succinylcholine II.Neostigmine III.Pyridostigmine

II & III

A patient has just undergone RSI with the facilitation of the administration of Anectine®. The patient is still paralyzed 45 minutes after the original administration. Which of the following best explains this scenario?

The patient more than likely has a lack of pseudocholinesterase, which has increased the half-life of the administered medication.

What is the mechanism of action by which a depolarizing agent works? I.Bind to ACh receptor to initiate massive repolarization of the muscle. II.Bind to Ach receptor to initiate massive depolarization of the muscle III.Prolong the refractory period

II & III

Which of the following will allow for the assessment of successful paralysis?

Lab testing for a deficiency of psuedocholinesterase

You have been called to perform rapid-sequence intubation. Which of the following medications will you likely request to conduct the procedure?

Succinylcholine

Which of the following results in massive depolarization of the muscle when administered?

Succinylcholine

All of the following are nondepolarizing NMBAs except:

Succinylcholine

Which of the following is not a nondepolarizing agent?

Anectine

Which of the following is a skeletal muscle relaxant?

Robaxin

Of the following, which is not a central-acting muscle relaxant?

Dantrium

Which of the following medications is not a benzodiazepine?

Flexeril

Which of the following can be used to treat malignant hyperthermia?

Dantrolene

Which of the following poses the least threat of losing airway reflexes?

Rozerem

Sleep can be induced with which of the following medications?

Hypnotic

A patient has overdosed on Valium®. Which of the following medications could be given as a reversal agent?

Flumazenil

Which of the following is not true concerning the administration of precedex?

Precedex has a high incidence of causing hypertension.

Which medication is not likely to be administered for sedation in the ICU due to its long half-life?

Phenobarbital

The mixture of medications such as midazolam and fentanyl could also be referred to as:

Cocktail

Which of the following factors determine(s) the type of anesthetic medication a patient receives? I.Patient age II.Eye color III.Drug allergy or sensitivity

I & III

Respiratory complications of inhaled anesthetics do not include:

An increased ventilatory response to falling O2 levels

Which of the following refers to the inability to perceive sensations?

Anesthesia

Conscious sedation is achieved in which stage of anesthesia?

Stage 1

If you were asked to administer an inhaled anesthetic agent from the following list, which would you choose?

Isoflurane

Which of the following refers to lack of ability to feel sensations in a localized area?

Local anesthesia

Individuals are usually treated with which of the following local anesthetics prior to bronchoscopy?

Lidocaine

Local anesthetic medications are grouped chemically into which of the following types? I.Caine II.Amide III.Ester

II & III

All of the following agents might be given to help reduce PONV except:

Nitrous oxide

You have been asked to administer an antimuscarinic PONV medication. Which of the following would you select?

Phenergan

What does analgesia mean?

Inability to perceive pain

There are four types of nociceptors. These different receptors sense which of the following? I.Pain II.Temperature III.Pressure IV.Elastic

I, II, & III

Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause someone to become addicted to opioids?

For malignant pain

Side effects of opioid analgesics include which of the following? I.Hallucinations II.Seizures III.Respiratory stimulation

I & II

Which of the following statements is false concerning opioids?

Respiratory depression is not a side effect of opioids.

Which of the following agents is used to reverse an opioid overdose? I.Naloxone II.Narcan® III.Flumazenil IVRomazicon

I or II

Opioids can be antagonized with which of the following medications?

Naloxone

Which of the following types of analgesics blocks the arachidonic acid cascade, resulting in decreased production of leukotrienes and prostaglandins?

Corticosteroids

Which of the following are considered NSAIDs? I.Aspirin II.Ibuprofen III.Celebrex® IV.Ipratropium bromide

I, II, & III

Codeine and Tylenol are examples of which of the following?

Synergism

What medication must be mixed with acetaminophen to created Vicodin?

Hydrocodone

The traveling of an impulse down a never fiber is called Action potential.

True

Acetylcholine neurotransmitters are chemically broken down by acetylcholinesterase.

True

Neostigmine or pyridostigmine are medications that could be administered to reverse the effects of the administration of a nondepolarizing agent.

True

Agents that bind with the ACh receptor to cause massive depolarization are called Depolarizing agent.

True

Succinylcholine is often used for rapid sequence intubation.

True

Sleep is caused by Hypnotics.

True

CNS arousal can be reduced with the administration of Sedatives.

True

Flumazenil or Romazicon can be given to reverse the effects of an overdose of benzodiazepine drugs.

True

The absence of sensation is best described by Anesthesia.

True

Naloxone or Narcan can be given to reverse the effects of an opioid overdose.

True

An action potential is the traveling of an impulse down a nerve fiber.

True

The skeletal muscle is referred to as the motor end plate.

False

A nerve fiber must depolarize before it can repolarize.

True

Acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase.

True

Acetylcholine causes muscle relaxation.

False

NMBAs can be used to reduce spontaneous breathing.

True

Reducing oxygen consumption is a goal in the use of NMBAs.

True

The normal function of acetylcholine is blocked by the administration of nondepolarizing agents.

True

Pavulon is a nondepolarizing agent.

True

Cholinesterase inhibitors can be used to reverse nondepolarizing NMBAs.

True

Nondepolarizing agents are considered to be competitive agonists.

False

Muscle contraction is prevented after administration of a nondepolarizing agent, which results in paralysis.

True

Neostigmine is a cholinergic medication.

False

When a patient is administered a depolarizing agent, that medication sends the muscle into a prolonged refractory period.

True

Succinylcholine is a depolarizing agent.

True

Depolarizing agents cannot be reversed pharmaceutically.

True

Pseudocholinesterase is responsible for the metabolism of depolarizing agents.

True

Succinylcholine should not be used to facilitate intubation.

False

Age is of consideration when selecting an NMBA.

True

Malignant hyperthermia can be treated with dantrolene (Dantrium®).

True

Skeletal muscle relaxants are only offered as central-acting muscle relaxants.

False

Sedatives stimulate CNS arousal.

False

Anxiolytic medications increase anxiety.

False

Benzodiazepine medications can be reversed with Romazicon.

True

Opioid overdose can be reversed with naloxone.

True

ch. 2

Darya Rose · 83問 · 2年前

ch. 2