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Enviscie: Disaster risk and Resilience

Enviscie: Disaster risk and Resilience
46問 • 2年前
  • JORNALA, David Christian - HRDM 1-2 B. Jornala
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    Are "catastrophic events with atmospheric, geological, and hydrological origins" which result to casualties, destruction of property, and disruption of the natural environment.

    Natural disasters

  • 2

    • _________ is any phenomena that has the potential to cause destruction to life and property. • It is a natural process or phenomenon that may pose negative impacts on the economy, society, and ecology, including both natural factors and human factors that are associated with the natural ones (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction [UNISDR]). • _______ are the origins of disasters.

    Hazard

  • 3

    • ________ are direct or indirect results of hazards. • ________ impacts include human losses, property losses, resources and environmental destruction, ecological damages, disruption of social order, and threats to the normal functioning of lifelines and production lines. • When there is harm to life and property of humans, the hazard is termed a _______

    Disaster

  • 4

    • _______ is the probability of disaster loss in a future period of time in a region, or the future disaster. • UNISDR (2004) defines ______ as the probability of harmful consequences resulting from interactions between natural or human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions.

    RISK

  • 5

    • Are massive swirling masses of fast- moving air around a region of low atmospheric pressure. • Their spin is attributed to the Coriolis Effect - inertial force due to the Earth's rotation that deflects the path of objects traveling long distances across the planet. • These swirling masses of air revolve around a low-pressure area center called the eye.

    Typhoon

  • 6

    Atlantic and Western Pacific

    Hurricanes

  • 7

    Indian ocean

    Cyclones

  • 8

    Their spin is attributed to the __________ - inertial force due to the Earth's rotation that deflects the path of objects traveling long distances across the planet.

    Coriolis Effect

  • 9

    No damage to very light damage lead time: 36 Winds: 30-60

    Signal no. 1

  • 10

    Light to moderate damage Lead time: 24 Wind- 61-120

    Signal no. 2

  • 11

    Moderate to heavy damage Lead time: 18 Wind: 121-170

    Signal no. 3

  • 12

    Heav to very heavy damage lead time: 12 Wind: 171-220

    Signal no. 4

  • 13

    Very heavy to widespread damage lead time: 12 more than 220

    Signal No. 5

  • 14

    Response: evacuation Torrential Rain

    Red

  • 15

    Response: Be alert for possible evacuation Intense rain

    Orange

  • 16

    Response: Monitor the weather condition Heavy rain

    Yellow

  • 17

    A violent shaking of Earth's surface as a result of a sudden release of energy from the lithosphere, releasing seismic waves that radiate to all directions.

    Earthquake

  • 18

    A fracture in the rocks that make up the Earth’s crust is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock; it may range in length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers.

    Fault

  • 19

    The point at the surface of the Earth above the focus

    Epicenter

  • 20

    Massive rocks that make up the outer layer of the Earth’s surface and whose movement along faults triggers earthquakes

    Plates

  • 21

    Waves that transmit the energy released by an earthquake

    Seismic waves

  • 22

    The point within the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts

    Focus

  • 23

    Henry Fielding Reid) – refers to what happens to the rocks on both sides of a fault during an earthquake as they accumulate potential energy and deform under pressure; gradual accumulation and release of stress and strain

    Elastic Rebound theory

  • 24

    The deepest portion of the sea floor

    Trench

  • 25

    Geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved downward relative to the footwall. _______ occur where two blocks of rock are pulled apart, as by tension.

    Normal fault

  • 26

    Geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved upward relative to the footwall. _______ occur where two blocks of rock are forced together by compression.

    Thrust or reverse fault

  • 27

    A fault in which surfaces on opposite sides of the fault plane moved horizontally and parallel to the strike of the fault.

    Strike-slip fault

  • 28

    – Charles F. _____ (1934) – measures the seismic waves, or the energy released, causing the earthquake – describes the quake's magnitude – commonly used scale in earthquake measurement

    Richter scale

  • 29

    – Giuseppe _____ (1902) – Measures the observed effects of the earthquake – describes its intensity – quantified from the observation of the earthquake's effect on the earth's surface – based on the effect on humans, objects, and man-made structures

    Mercalli scale

  • 30

    • Spew out magma (molten rock) from mantle beneath the crust. – called lava outside the volcano • Are unpredictable natural disasters

    Volcanic Eruption

  • 31

    These fast-moving flows of hot rocks, ash, and toxic gases are almost impossible to outrun and survive.

    Pyroclastic flows

  • 32

    ______ is a mixture of water and volcanic debris. These fast-moving mudflows can quickly race down the volcano's slopes, burying everything along its path.

    Lahar flows

  • 33

    made up of sharp splinters of rock and glass which are particularly hazardous when inhaled; ________ are heavy and may accumulate quickly during eruptions; may cause structures with weak foundations to collapse when it builds up.

    Ash

  • 34

    From Japanese "_____" = harbor, "____" = wave • Are large, destructive ocean waves that result from earthquakes or volcanic eruptions that occur in underwater or coastal areas - Can reach heights of over 30 meters when they hit the coast

    Tsunami

  • 35

    Most tsunamis occur as a series of waves called a ________. – The consecutive waves hitting the shore could compound the damage caused by the first one.

    Wave train

  • 36

    A.k.a.Twisters • Are violent columns of rapidly spinning air that form as warm humid, air collides with cold, dry air. – They form in thunderstorms and are capable of destroying everything in their path with roaring winds that can exceed 400 km/h. Most deaths caused by tornadoes happen when humans are struck by flying debris.

    Tornado

  • 37

    – detect wind speeds and pinpoint the location where tornadoes build up in thunderstorms – used by meteorologists to predict tornado strikes much earlier than before.

    Doppler radars

  • 38

    - withstand adversity and bounce back from difficult life events. • Community ________ specifically pertains to the ability of communities to endure a disaster and bounce back to its normal state

    Resilience

  • 39

    The trapping of Sun's heat on Earth's surface by greenhouse gases (GHGs) -- carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, methane, and ground level ozone.

    Greenhouse effect

  • 40

    • The overall increase in the global temperature. • Caused by the accumulation of GHGs in the atmosphere

    Global warming

  • 41

    • Anthropogenic _______ - cumulative changes and shifts in global and regional climates. • Evidences include: – Global Temperature Rise – Warming Oceans – Shrinking Ice Sheets – Glacial Retreat – Sea Level Rise – Extreme Events – OceanAcidification

    Climate change

  • 42

    • A precipitation mixed with compounds that make it acidic. • Includes acidic snow, hail, fog, and even dust are all considered acid rain. • Comes from natural sources like volcanoes; mostly produced by humans' industrial processes.

    Acid rain

  • 43

    more commonly known as acid rain. – Occurs as sulfuric and nitric acid mixes with precipitation (rain, snow, fog, hail, etc.) as it falls back to the surface.

    Wet deposition

  • 44

    acid rain without the presence of water. – Sulfuric and nitric acid can fall in the form of particles or gases.

    Dry deposition

  • 45

    refers to the variability of all organisms on Earth. – In the 21st century, mankind has started to trigger the sixth mass extinction event or the Anthropocene extinction. – Both land-dwelling and marine organisms are affected and put at risk as mankind continues to disrupt.

    Biodiversity loss

  • 46

    • Thereisplasticinallpartsoftheworld. • 40% of all the plastics we produce are single-use plastics. • Stays in the environment for probably hundreds of years or longer. • Most plastics that are not disposed of properly.

    Plastic pollution

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Are "catastrophic events with atmospheric, geological, and hydrological origins" which result to casualties, destruction of property, and disruption of the natural environment.

    Natural disasters

  • 2

    • _________ is any phenomena that has the potential to cause destruction to life and property. • It is a natural process or phenomenon that may pose negative impacts on the economy, society, and ecology, including both natural factors and human factors that are associated with the natural ones (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction [UNISDR]). • _______ are the origins of disasters.

    Hazard

  • 3

    • ________ are direct or indirect results of hazards. • ________ impacts include human losses, property losses, resources and environmental destruction, ecological damages, disruption of social order, and threats to the normal functioning of lifelines and production lines. • When there is harm to life and property of humans, the hazard is termed a _______

    Disaster

  • 4

    • _______ is the probability of disaster loss in a future period of time in a region, or the future disaster. • UNISDR (2004) defines ______ as the probability of harmful consequences resulting from interactions between natural or human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions.

    RISK

  • 5

    • Are massive swirling masses of fast- moving air around a region of low atmospheric pressure. • Their spin is attributed to the Coriolis Effect - inertial force due to the Earth's rotation that deflects the path of objects traveling long distances across the planet. • These swirling masses of air revolve around a low-pressure area center called the eye.

    Typhoon

  • 6

    Atlantic and Western Pacific

    Hurricanes

  • 7

    Indian ocean

    Cyclones

  • 8

    Their spin is attributed to the __________ - inertial force due to the Earth's rotation that deflects the path of objects traveling long distances across the planet.

    Coriolis Effect

  • 9

    No damage to very light damage lead time: 36 Winds: 30-60

    Signal no. 1

  • 10

    Light to moderate damage Lead time: 24 Wind- 61-120

    Signal no. 2

  • 11

    Moderate to heavy damage Lead time: 18 Wind: 121-170

    Signal no. 3

  • 12

    Heav to very heavy damage lead time: 12 Wind: 171-220

    Signal no. 4

  • 13

    Very heavy to widespread damage lead time: 12 more than 220

    Signal No. 5

  • 14

    Response: evacuation Torrential Rain

    Red

  • 15

    Response: Be alert for possible evacuation Intense rain

    Orange

  • 16

    Response: Monitor the weather condition Heavy rain

    Yellow

  • 17

    A violent shaking of Earth's surface as a result of a sudden release of energy from the lithosphere, releasing seismic waves that radiate to all directions.

    Earthquake

  • 18

    A fracture in the rocks that make up the Earth’s crust is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock; it may range in length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers.

    Fault

  • 19

    The point at the surface of the Earth above the focus

    Epicenter

  • 20

    Massive rocks that make up the outer layer of the Earth’s surface and whose movement along faults triggers earthquakes

    Plates

  • 21

    Waves that transmit the energy released by an earthquake

    Seismic waves

  • 22

    The point within the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts

    Focus

  • 23

    Henry Fielding Reid) – refers to what happens to the rocks on both sides of a fault during an earthquake as they accumulate potential energy and deform under pressure; gradual accumulation and release of stress and strain

    Elastic Rebound theory

  • 24

    The deepest portion of the sea floor

    Trench

  • 25

    Geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved downward relative to the footwall. _______ occur where two blocks of rock are pulled apart, as by tension.

    Normal fault

  • 26

    Geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved upward relative to the footwall. _______ occur where two blocks of rock are forced together by compression.

    Thrust or reverse fault

  • 27

    A fault in which surfaces on opposite sides of the fault plane moved horizontally and parallel to the strike of the fault.

    Strike-slip fault

  • 28

    – Charles F. _____ (1934) – measures the seismic waves, or the energy released, causing the earthquake – describes the quake's magnitude – commonly used scale in earthquake measurement

    Richter scale

  • 29

    – Giuseppe _____ (1902) – Measures the observed effects of the earthquake – describes its intensity – quantified from the observation of the earthquake's effect on the earth's surface – based on the effect on humans, objects, and man-made structures

    Mercalli scale

  • 30

    • Spew out magma (molten rock) from mantle beneath the crust. – called lava outside the volcano • Are unpredictable natural disasters

    Volcanic Eruption

  • 31

    These fast-moving flows of hot rocks, ash, and toxic gases are almost impossible to outrun and survive.

    Pyroclastic flows

  • 32

    ______ is a mixture of water and volcanic debris. These fast-moving mudflows can quickly race down the volcano's slopes, burying everything along its path.

    Lahar flows

  • 33

    made up of sharp splinters of rock and glass which are particularly hazardous when inhaled; ________ are heavy and may accumulate quickly during eruptions; may cause structures with weak foundations to collapse when it builds up.

    Ash

  • 34

    From Japanese "_____" = harbor, "____" = wave • Are large, destructive ocean waves that result from earthquakes or volcanic eruptions that occur in underwater or coastal areas - Can reach heights of over 30 meters when they hit the coast

    Tsunami

  • 35

    Most tsunamis occur as a series of waves called a ________. – The consecutive waves hitting the shore could compound the damage caused by the first one.

    Wave train

  • 36

    A.k.a.Twisters • Are violent columns of rapidly spinning air that form as warm humid, air collides with cold, dry air. – They form in thunderstorms and are capable of destroying everything in their path with roaring winds that can exceed 400 km/h. Most deaths caused by tornadoes happen when humans are struck by flying debris.

    Tornado

  • 37

    – detect wind speeds and pinpoint the location where tornadoes build up in thunderstorms – used by meteorologists to predict tornado strikes much earlier than before.

    Doppler radars

  • 38

    - withstand adversity and bounce back from difficult life events. • Community ________ specifically pertains to the ability of communities to endure a disaster and bounce back to its normal state

    Resilience

  • 39

    The trapping of Sun's heat on Earth's surface by greenhouse gases (GHGs) -- carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, methane, and ground level ozone.

    Greenhouse effect

  • 40

    • The overall increase in the global temperature. • Caused by the accumulation of GHGs in the atmosphere

    Global warming

  • 41

    • Anthropogenic _______ - cumulative changes and shifts in global and regional climates. • Evidences include: – Global Temperature Rise – Warming Oceans – Shrinking Ice Sheets – Glacial Retreat – Sea Level Rise – Extreme Events – OceanAcidification

    Climate change

  • 42

    • A precipitation mixed with compounds that make it acidic. • Includes acidic snow, hail, fog, and even dust are all considered acid rain. • Comes from natural sources like volcanoes; mostly produced by humans' industrial processes.

    Acid rain

  • 43

    more commonly known as acid rain. – Occurs as sulfuric and nitric acid mixes with precipitation (rain, snow, fog, hail, etc.) as it falls back to the surface.

    Wet deposition

  • 44

    acid rain without the presence of water. – Sulfuric and nitric acid can fall in the form of particles or gases.

    Dry deposition

  • 45

    refers to the variability of all organisms on Earth. – In the 21st century, mankind has started to trigger the sixth mass extinction event or the Anthropocene extinction. – Both land-dwelling and marine organisms are affected and put at risk as mankind continues to disrupt.

    Biodiversity loss

  • 46

    • Thereisplasticinallpartsoftheworld. • 40% of all the plastics we produce are single-use plastics. • Stays in the environment for probably hundreds of years or longer. • Most plastics that are not disposed of properly.

    Plastic pollution