CLSU 1

通報

問題一覧

The original source of most organic matter in soil is

Plant residues

The most abundant gas in the soil atmosphere is

A soil horizon is defined as

A soil layer that differs in recognizable properties from other layers immediatelyabove or below

Example of physical weathering process is

Exfoliation

A civil engineer is a:

Pedologist

The study of rock is:

Petrology

The molten mass from where igneous rocks solidify from is

Magma

Metamorphism is caused by:

High pressure and temperature

The parent material corresponds to horizon:

The true soil corresponds to horizon:

A lowland paddy soil possesses:

Oxidized

An organic soil is most likely having % OM of

The mineral supplying P is:

Apetite

Tourmaline supplies the element

Resistance of minerals to abrasion is

Hardness

The softest mineral is:

Talc

The hardest mineral is

Diamond

This mineral is hardly soluble in water

Quartz

This is not an element of climate

Relief

Parent material deposited in lakes is

Lacustrine

The soil profile is found in the

Crust

The most abundant element in earths crust

O, Si, Al, Fe, Ca

Secondary mineral include:

Montmorillonite

This is not a soil-forming factor

Soil color

The basic elements lost in weathering are:

Ca, Mg

The main objective of physical weathering is:

Increase total surface area for chemical weathering

The soil forming factors that normally show the greatest variation from one geographicregion to another are:

Topography

Parent material that has formed by weathering of bedrock in place is:

Residual

One of the most variable soil component is:

Soil water

Of the following minerals, the one that expands on wetting is:

Montmorillonite

Feldspar minerals that are most easily weathered by chemical means, tend to be high inthe element:

Basalt weathers more easily than granite, this difference being explained most readily bydifference in:

Both mineralogy and texture

The dark color of igneous rock usually caused by:

Ferromagnesian minerals

The chemical element in dolomite that is not an important constituent of calcite is:

The primary mineral most likely to accumulate at the site of chemical weathering ofgranite is

Quartz

Soil textural classes are defined in terms of ranges in variation in:

Texture

The physical state of the soil as relate to plant growth is known as soil:

Tilth

The sedimentary rock that contains clay minerals as one of its most important constituentis:

Shale

The percent moisture of moist soil sample that’s weighs 12.5g originally and 10kg afteroven drying is:

The force that determines the height to which water will rise in a vertical capillary tube:

Surface tension

The entry of surface applied water into the soil is known as:

Infiltration

The zone of saturated soil where water is held under suction immediately above the water table is known as:

Capillary fringe

The acidity of rain water is largely due to the gas:

CO2

Which does not relate to CEC?

Bulk density

This ion is absorbed with the least force to soil particles:

The soil depth from which the plant obtain the major part of the water absorbed is

Effective-rooting depth of plant

The consumptive use of water is defined as that quantity of water in the production of a crop by the process of:

Evapotranspiration

Porosity, which is the total pore-space volume of soils:

Is highest in fine-textured soil

The hydraulic pressure of water held in the soil by capillary forces of attraction is

Negative

Soil suction is a satirized zone beneath a water table

Zero

The magnitude and algebraic sign, the matric potential of soil water is equal to:

Negative hydraulic pressure

Plant welting commences when:

Water flow into roots drops below transpiration lost

Where a complete cloud cover is present, the component of solar radiation that is of maximum intensity at ground level is

Light

The exchange of energy in radiant form between the soil and the atmosphere goes on:

Continuously

Maximum daily variation in temperature at the surface of the ground normally occurs where:

Both the soil and the air above are dry

In addition to hydrogen the cation that normally tends to increase in exchangeable form with increasing soil acidity is:

Aluminum

The cation exchange capacity of the soil is a measure of:

The negative charge of the soil neutralized by easily replaceable cations

Of the following, the material with the highest cation exchange capacity is:

Organic matter

A soil has a certain cation exchange capacity of 10me per 100g, and the following compliment of exchangeable cations, the amount being expressed in millequivalents per 100g of soil: H, 3.0 Ca 2.0 Al 3.0 Mg 1.0 Na 0.25 and K 0.75. The percent base saturation of this soil is:

In slightly acidic soils, such as in those with pH between 6.0 to 7.0 the two most abundant, cation will probably be:

Calcium and Magnesium

An alluvial horizon in a soil is designated by the symbol:

A parent material that often has the same origin as loess but it separated from loess by the action of wind is:

Dune sand

The removal of excess water from a waterlogged soil depends on

The force of gravity

CEC is 20 m.e./100g. If it has 8 m. e. H and the remaining cations are bases, what is the % BS?

During the dry season plant roots are naturally supplied with water through

Capillarity

Which soil property is not influenercoby OM?

Texture

Which is the seat of chemical activities in the soil?

Colloid

Which has the highest pH dependent negative charges?

Ten m.e. of Ca (40) can replace how many m.e H of the exchange complex?

The soil contains 10 m.e. Ca /100g. This is equivalent to how many tons Ca per HFS?

One m.e. Ca/100g soil is equivalent to how many ppm Ca? At. Wt. Ca= 40

200

The dominant basic cation in agricultural soil is:

A loam soil has

Micropores=macropores

A submerged soil has

All pores filled with water

Under conditions of high rainfall and humidity the least leach cation is:

At the same level of OM, which will have the highest water holding capacity?

Clay

The capability of the soil being molded by hand is

Plasticity

If a ring without crack is found in the roll method of determining texture the texture is most likely:

Clay

The hydrometer and pipette method of mechanical analysis obey the:

Strokes Law

This is used in determining soil color

Munsell color chart

The hardest mineral is:

Diamond

Which among these minerals does not contribute any soil nutrient?

Quartz

Aside from carbon and hydrogen, the other macroelement constituent of organic compound in the plant is:

Oxygen

This macroelement is a component of protein and chlorophyll and is the most limiting element in crop production except for legumes

Nitrogen

This macronutrient is involved in energy storage in the plant and is constituent of phospholipids, nucleoproteins, and is deficient in acid upland soil.

Phosphorus

This macroelement is not a component of any organic molecule in the plant. Its function is more catalytic in nature and usually deficient in course- textured soils.

Potassium

This macronutrient is part of the middle lamella and is deficient in acid upland soil.

Calcium

This nutrients metal Component of chlorophyll and is deficient in upland acid soil

Magnesium

This macronutrient is a component of amini acids such as methionine, cystein and cystine and is usually defient in waterlogged soils

Sulfur

This micronutrient is needed in chlorophyll synthesis and usually deficient in alkaline soil

Iron

This micronutrient is needed in the synthesis of auxin and is usually deficient in waterlogged soil.

Zinc

This micronutrient is needed in nitrogen fixation by leguminous plant and is usually deficient in acid upland soil

Molybdenum

In a very extremely acidic soil (pH 4.5-5.0), these elements are toxic to plants except:

Calcium

Which of the following element is not essential to plant growth

Aluminum

This is a substance produced by one organism, which inhabit growth of other organisms

Antibiotic

The most dominant soil microflora are:

Bacteria

The root-nodulating rhibozobium that is infective on tropical legume is

Brady rhizobium

The iron-containing substance found in legume nodules is

Leghemoglobin

The seat of N2 fixation in symbiotic system is:

Nodule

100

The soil microflora with the highest biomass are:

Fungi

CLSU

CLSU

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