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In Asia, the early civilizations have established around a diet basically consisting of:

Rice and beans

The race of people regarded now as the first agriculturists are the:

Cushites

Our region consisting of the Indochinese-Indonesian region is believed to be the center of origin of:

Coconut

The center of origin of rice (Oryza sativa) is:

India

Next to rice and corn, the top

Coconut, sugarcane and banana

Comparative advantage in agriculture means:

Higher efficiency in resource use for agriculture

As a science, crop production is very much related to:

Botany, soil science, breeding and genetics

The chlorophyll is commonly found in:

Mesophyll cells

Light absorption by the leaf is lowest in:

Green

In the 1930's-1950's, photosynthesis investigation was intensified by:

Use of carbon isotopes

The Kranz anatomy is found in the leaves of:

C4 plants

Ca plants have:

Only one CO, fixation pathway

An RQ value equal to 1 means:

Glucose is being respired

Cell turgidity in plants is maintained thru:

Osmoregulation

The main path of (movement of) inorganic substances in plants is:

Xylem

Passive movement of water occurs:

From a cell with high potential to a cell with low potential

As autotroph, plants:

Can directly use CO2 to synthesize its food

Growth in plants usually takes place in growth points such as:

Meristem

The mechanism in which plant growth is governed by some kind of "division of labor” among cells and different plant parts is called:

Correlation mechanism

This phytohormone is also referred to as ripening hormone:

Ethylene

The growth response of plants to the direction of light is called:

Phototropism

The special cells that allow rice plants to adjust to varying levels of O2 in the growth medium are called:

Aerenchyma cells

The G in the equation Y = f[G + E+ (G x E)] refers to

Genotype

An optimum environment for crop growth and development is one that:

Poses a minimum of constraints

The seasonal pattern of atmospheric conditions in a particular place occurring from year to year is called:

Climate

Plant microclimate refers to the

complex of environmental variables to which plants are exposed

Photocyberetic effect refers to the effect of sunlight on:

Plant development

The effective wavelength for photoperiodism is:

Yellow and red

Sclophytes are also known as:

Shade loving plants

The net effect of the so-calies greenhouse effect is:

High temperature

Most economically importan: crops are:

Mesophytes

It is generally more rainy at:

Mountainous areas

An area is experiencing absolute drought if there is no rainfall of at least 0.25 mm in:

29 consecutive days

Based on temperature requirement, rice is a:

Warm season crop

High relative humidity can cause:

High disease incidence

As a factor in crop production, edaphic factor refers to:

Soil

Tillability is difficult in:

Heavy soil

The desirable soil texture for crops is:

Loamy soil

The desirable soil structure for crops is:

Granular

GMO stands for:

Genetically modified organisms

The light reaction phase of photosynthesis takes place in the:

Thylakoid lamellae

The products of the light reaction phase of photosynthesis are:

ATP and NADPH

The process by which ATP is formed when the electron donor is the sensitized PSI rather than the oxidation of H20 in the light reaction phase of photosynthesis is known as:

Cyclic photophosphorylation

According to the first Fick's Law of diffusion, the influx of CO, into the leaf is:

Directly proportional to the CO concentration gradients between the leaf and air, and inversely proportional to total resistance

The dark reaction phase (otherwise known as biochemical phase) of photosynthesis has been called as such because it:

Does not require light

Rice is classified as C, species because its first stable product of photosynthesis is a 3-carbon acid known as:

3-phosphoglyceric

The photosynthetic potential of a given species is fully expressed when the following environmental factors are optimum:

Solar radiation, temperature, CO, concentration, and plant moisture status

Photosynthesis is usually low under drought conditions because:

Stomatal resistance to the diffusion of CO, into the leaf is high

The products of glycolysis in higher forms of plants are:

NADH and ATP

The Krebs cycle takes place in the:

Mitochondrion

Assimilates are translocated via the:

Phloem tissue

The ascent of cell sap from the roots to the leaves of actively transpiring plants is driven largely by

Water tension gradient

Transpiration is a very useful process in plants because it is:

involved in heat exchange between the leaves and the air

Which of the following is/are not parts of the pistil?

Pollen

Which of the foliowing is/are not considered as a berry?

Cherry

In the process of seed deveiopment the egg apparatus is composed of:

Egg cell + synergids

In seed embryogenesis, the zygote which give rise to the embryo is formed by the fusion of:

Sperm cell + egg cell

In a tetrazolium test, viable seeds will stain:

Red

Carbohydrate reserves of seeds will be hydrolyzed finally as:

Glucose

This type of dormancy is due to one or more unsuitable factors of the environment, which are non-specific in their effect. In seeds, this is equivalent to quiescence.

Ecodormancy

Plant responses to seasonal variations in the length of day are collectively known as:

Photoperiodism

Photoreceptor invoived in photoperiodism is:

Phytochrome 1

These plants need to be supplied only with inorganic substances since they make their own organic substances:

Heterotrophic organisms

Reduction in the amount of green pigments in leaf, resulting to yellowing:

Chlorosis

The study of how plants absorb, transport and assimilate inorganic ions is called:

Mineral nutrition

Which of the following is not a feature of an essential element?

The element can be substituted by another element of similar size

Which is not an example of a essential micronutrient?

The movement of substances against a concentration or chemical gradient is known as.

Active transport

Which is not a feature of the Pfr form of the phytochrome:

It is red-orange in color

The natural termination of the functional life of an organ, organism or other life unit which is also regarded as the final phase in plant development:

Senescence

A type of senescence which is characterized by an annual change in deciduous woody plants in which all the leaves die but the bulk of the stem and root system remain viable:

Whole plant senescence

Phototropism is a growth response to unidirectional light which is probably infuenced by a particular growth hormone:

Indole acetic acid (IAA)

The growth response of plant to touch that is best exempiified by the coiling of tendrils in Cucurdits:

Thigmotropism

A characteristic response of roots and shoots such that they align themselves parallel to the direction of the gravity:

Othogravitropic

Leaf senescence like the other types of senescence can be promoted by the application of the growth hormone:

Abscissic acid

Senescence is an energy-requiring process brought about by metabolic changes, one of which is the destruction of the pigment:

Chlorophyll

A variation movement caused by daily rhythms of light and dark resulting from changes in the turgor of motor cells in the pulvinus located at the base of each leaf:

Nyctinasty

The bending or curvature (of an organ) caused by a differential growth when the adaxial or morphological upper side of an organ grows more rapidly than the abaxial or morphological lower side of the organ and is always associated with high ethylene concentration:

Epinasty

The organ movement such that the axis of the organ comes to lie at right angles to the direction of the gravitational field as exhibited by stolons of potato and strawberry:

Diagravitropism

The over-all shape of plants is determined by:

Growth correlation

Domestication of plants led to:

Change in plant type and limited ecological adaptation

The pattern of assimilate partitioning in plants varies

With stage of growth and development

A plant showing tolerance mechanism of resistance to water deficit

Maintains relatively high stomatal conductance even if water deficit is progressing to a higher level

The following changes in plants are attributed to domestication except:

Increased environmental adaptation

Oxygen as one of the products of photosynthesis evolves from:

Photolysis of H20

Agriculture could have been initiated mainly due to chronic food shortage if:

There was sedentary way of living

The major products of respiration are the following:

H20, CO2 ATP and NADH

Certain plant organs move when exposed to water stress:

To balance their heat load with the surrounding air

Be Essential elements in the soil must be:

Soluble and in ionic forms) for efficient absorption

Both photosynthetic and respiration rates are infuenced by:

Oxygen concentration

Nutrient uptake from the soil is affected by:

Soil texture and structure

Native (or inherent) soil nutrients are derived from: Applied fertilizers

Weathering of minerals in the soil

Nitrogen as an essential element is taken up by crops in the following forms:

NO2, NH4

The sites of the Ca-and Ca pathways of COz fixation are compartmentalized in the leaves of:

Sugarcane and corn

The following are events that led to the development of agriculture except:

Improvement of soil fertility

Current crop production technologies are considered scientific because:

They were formulated through scientific investigations

The relationship between the growth rates of individual parts of an organ organism is known as:

Allometry

Plant roll their leaves to

Reduce the rate of transpirational water loss

Net assimilation rate is sometimes referred to as:

Unit leaf rate

100

Respiration is a necessary evil in plants because

It leads to the loss of glucose but generates metabolic energy and organic compounds that are used in the synthesis of structural and storage compounds

CLSU

CLSU

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