Module #4: Microorganisms in a Laboratory Setting

61問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Diseases encountered in medical office or laboratory are all caused by ———, a living organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope.

Microorganisms

The disease causing organisms are known as ———.

Pathogens

This is called the invasion of the body by pathogens.

Infection

This is contagious or transmissible if it can be spread to other people ditectly or indirectly.

Disease

These are single-celled organisms that have a cell wall in addition to the cell membrane that our human cells possess.

Bacteria

Under bacteria, how much percentage approximately are known to cause disease in humans?

Diplococci

Staphylococci

Bacillus

Spirillium

Coccus

Streptococci

They are the smallest infectious agent, and are not really cells.

Viruses

They are either made up of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein capsule, and require a host cell to survive and replicate.

Viruses

They cannot be observed using a simple microscope.

Viruses

Viruses require use of an ——— ——— for visualization.

Electron microscope

They invade the cells of our body, and use our own structures to replicate more.

Viruses

The treatment of this microorganism may as well be quite damaging to the host.

Viruses

These are not effective against viruses.

Antibiotics

These are plant-like organisms that flourish in an environment that is dark and damp.

Fungi

Fungal infections on the body are called ——— infections.

Mycotic

These are similar to viruses.

Parasites

They take their nourishment from the host and require their host cells to reproduce, but do not utilize the human cell.

Parasites

These are complex single-cell microorganisms, most of which are nonpathogenic.

Protozoa

Few species of this microorganisms can cause very serious infections in humans.

Protozoa

They live in the soil and water.

Protozoa

The 5 microorganism growth requirement (Order: T-P-D-N-O)

Temperature, pH, darkness and moisture, nutrition, oxygen

Human pathogens tend to prefer our body temprature, so they grow best at approximately ___ °_

98.6 F

What pH level is best suited for most microorganisms.

Neutral

True or False Most microorganisms like darkness or dim light, and they all need moisture to survive.

True

True or False The type of nutrition needed by micorganisms varies depending on their type.

True

True or False Some microorganisms don’t need something in their environment to use as a food source.

False

Aerobic microorganisms need ——— present for survival.

Oxygen

These microganisms are best suited for environments that have an absence or low levels of oxygen.

Anaerobic

This reduces the number of microorganisms on a surface while cleaning.

Sanitization

This is the process by which a medical assistant applied a chemical to a surface to kill the pathogenic microorganisms that may be present.

Disinfecfion

This means that a surface is without infection.

Asepsis

A type of asepsis where it means that all pathogenic organisms have been destroyed befote they enter the body.

Surgical asepsis

A type of asepsis where it is a term used to describe a procedure or an environment that allows a patient to be treated without exposure to pathogenic microorganisms.

Medical asepsis

True or False An example of a good aseptic practiced for the medical settings is by keeping the laboratory and waiting room area dark, in order for microorganisms to not see.

False

A term used to describe any pathogenic microorganism found in human blood that can cause disease in humans.

Bloodborne pathogen

True or False Under bloodborne pathogen, diseases are spread through direct contact with the bloodstream of another individual.

True

True or False Disease under bloodborne pathogen may occur when there’s a piercing of the skin, direct blood-to-blood contact as might occur when nonintact skin touches the blood of another.

True

This standard provided a rigorous policy to protect health-care workers who had occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials in the workplace.

Bloodborne pathogens standard

True or False The amount of potential exposure was quite high for those who worked in a laboratory environment.

True

This regulation required all employers with potential occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in the workplace develop an ——— ——— ———.

Exposure control plan

An exposure control plan must include the following components. 1. E—— ——— 2. M—— — ——— ——— ——— 3. H—— — ———

Exposure determination, methods of exposure control compliance, hepatitis B vaccination

Under appropriate sharps use and disposal. ——— must be considered at all times when using and disposing of contaminated needles, glassware, or any other instruments that have come into contact with infectious materials.

Safety

Under regulated waste and housekeeping, Regulated waste must be disposed of in containers that are clearly identifiable as ———. They must be either colored ——— or must be marked with a ——— symbol.

Biohazardous, red, biohazard

Under regulated waste and housekeeping Other housekeeping guidelines in the laboratory include the disinfection counters at the beginning and end of each shift (at a minimum) with a fresh ——% bleach solution or an ____-approved disinfectant that is designed to kill the hepatitis B virus and HIV.

10, OSHA

Refers to the inflammation of the liver.

Hepatitis

True or False Not all type of hepatitis are bloodborne.

True

True or False Hepatitis A, B, C are bloodborne pathogens.

False

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus

This bloodborne pathogen disease attacks the immune system of our bodies.

Human immunodeficiency virus

The HIV infection may eventually lead to ———.

AIDS

HIV attacks a type of white blood cells in our body known as ——— ———.

CD4 cells

(True or False) Under postexposure follow-up procedure * Wash the site thoroughly with soap and water.

True

(True or False) Under postexposure follow-up procedure * Fill out an incident report form

True

(True or False) Under postexposure follow-up procedure * Identification of the source individual needs to be determined as soon as possible.

True

(True or False) Under postexposure follow-up procedure Follow-up blood tests are generally performed on the exposed employee, at a minimum interval of 18 weeks, 24 weeks, and 2 years.

False

Medical Terminology (Abbreviations)

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Medical Terminology (Abbreviations)