External nose are composed mainly of?

Nasal cavity extends from ____ (nostrils) to _____

This is the openings to pharynx

Where air flows

Air filled spaces within bone and opens into nasal cavity

These are 3 prominent body ridges located on each side of nasal cavity, responsible in increasing the _____ ____ of nasal cavity

These carry tears from eyes and are open into nasal cavity

Throat

Component of pharynx where is takes in air

Component of pharynx responsible for taking in food, drink, and air, extending from ____ to _____.

Component of pharynx where food and drink pass through, extending from ____ to ______.

Little Grape

Extension of soft palate

Removal of Uvula

Aids in defending against infections

Voicebox

Located in front of throat

Larynx consists of cartilage, _ single, _ paired

Adam’s apple

Largest piece of cartilage in the pharynx

A flap piece of cartilage that prevents swallowed materials from entering larynx

Larynx Cartilages T____ E____ Cr___ A____ Cu___ Co___

Source of voice production

In vocal folds/cords, ____ determines pitch

In vocal folds/cords, _____ determine loudness

False vocal cords

Inflammation of vocal cords caused by overuse, dry air and infection

Windpipe

Trachea consists of ___ shaped pieces of cartilage.

Trachea contains ___ epithelium

__ kills cilia.

___ dislodges materials from trachea.

Divide from trachea

Connect to lungs

Lines with cilia

Primary organ of respiration.

Lungs are ___ shaped.

Lungs rest on ___.

Right lung has _ lobes.

Left lung has _ lobes.

In lungs, ____ is bigger than the _____.

Air Passageways of Lungs

Small air sacs

Where gas exchange occurs

Alveoli consists of _____ in lungs.

Contraction of terminal bronchioles and leads to ___ air flow.

In lungs, this is where gas exchange between air and blood occurs.

Respiratory membrane is formed by walls of ____ and ___?

In respiratory, _____ and _______ also contribute.

Respiratory membrane are _____ for diffusion of gases.

Double-layed membrane around lungs

Membrane that lines thoracic cavity

Membrane that covers lung’s surface

Space around each lung

Breathing

Process of moving air in and out of lungs.

Ventilation uses ____.

Skeletal muscle that separates thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Breathe in

Inspiration uses ____

Breathe out

Expiration uses ____

When thoracic cavity volume increase, what decreases?

When thoracic volume decrease, pressure ____

air flows from areas of ___ to ___ pressure.

In inspiration, diaphragm ____ and rib cage ____.

In inspiration, thoracic cavity volume ____, pressure ____

In inspiration, ATM pressure is ____ than Alveolar pressure

In expiration, diaphragm ____ and rib cage ____.

In expiration, thoracic cavity volume ____ and pressure ____

In expiration, ATM pressure is ___ than alveolar pressure

Tendency for an expanded lung to decrease in size.

Lung recoil occurs during ________

Lung recoil is due to _____ and ______ lining alveoli

Mixture of lipoproteins

Surfactant is produced by ____ of ____

Surfactant is a ____ layer on surface of ____ lining alveoli.

This reducs surface tension and keeps lungs from collapsing.

Pressure in pleural cavity

Pleural pressure is less than ____

Keep alveoli from collapsing

Factors that influence pulmonary ventilation where lungs need to recoil between ventilation and is decreased by ____.

Expansion of thoracic cavity and is affected if rib cage is damaged.

This occurs during an asthma attack, infection, tumor

Device that measure pulmonary volumes

Volume of air inspired and expired during quiet breathing.

Volume of air that can be inspired forcefully after a normal inspiration

Volume of air that can be expired forcefully after a normal expiration

Remaining volume of air in lungs arter a max expiration

Max amont of air a person can expire after a max expiration

Vital Capacity formula

Total lung capacity formula

Factors that influence pulmonary volumes

Primary alveoli

Total surface arew of lungs is __ square meters (______)

In respiratory membrane, when thickness increases, the rate of diffusion ____

_____ decreass diffusion in the respiratory membrane

In respiratory membrane thickness, rate of gas is ____ and ____ exchange is affected before _____ because ___ diffuse more easily than ____.

Pressure exerted by a specific gas in a mixture of gases.

Total pressure of all gases is __ (mm Hg) and __% of mixture is Oxygen or __ mm Hg.