chapter 18

gram positive coccus, forms clusters (grapes) coagulase and catalase positive

numerous enzymes and toxins, serious skin diseases, systemic diseases in bone and tissue damage, many penicillin and ampicillin resistant, methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA)

localized cutaneous infections, folliculitis and hidradenitis, furuncle, carbuncle, impetigo

invade skin through wounds, follicles, or glands

superficial inflammation of hair follicles and glands respectively; usually resolved with no complications but can progress

boil; inflammation of hair follicle or sebaceous gland progresses into abscess or pustule

larger and deeper lesion created by aggregation and interconnection of a cluster of furuncles

bubble-like swellings that can break away and peel away; most common in newborns

food intoxication, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, toxic shock syndrome

ingestion of heat stable enterotoxins; gastrointestinal distress

toxin induces bright red flush, blisters, then desquamation of the epidermis

toxemia leading to shock and organ failure

gram positive coccus, forms chains, catalase negative, characterized by type of cell wall proteins, many enzymes and factors that cause disease

strep throat, necrotizing fasciitis, scarlet and rheumatic fevers

dental carries and endocarditis

Pneumonia and ear infections

with penicillin or other cell wall inhibitors

gram negative coccus, typically diplococcus, found in mucus membranes of animals, catalase positive

causes STD gonorrhea, top 5 reported STD in US, most males show symptoms, females tend to be asymptomatic, penicillin or tetracycline however resistance is growing