Quite literally, _____ is the study of humanity. It is the study of everything and anything that makes us human. From cultures, to languages, to material remains and human evolution, anthropologists examine every dimension of humanity by asking compelling question like: What does it mean to be human? As such, ______[ can be defined as "the study of people- their origins, their development, and contemporary variations, wherever and whenever they have been found on the face of the earth" (Ember, Ember, and Peregrine, 2010).

anthropology

1. ______- examines the remains of ancient and historical human populations to promote an understanding of how human have adapted to their environment and developed.

archaeology

2. _______- promotes the study of a society's culture through their belief systems, practices, and possessions.

cultural anthropology

3. ______- examines the language of a group of people and its relation to their picture.

linguistic anthropology

4. __________- looks into the biological development of humans and their contemporary variation.

physical anthropology

5. _____- attempts to solve contemporary problems through the application of theories and approaches of the discipline.

applied anthropology

______ - aims to study and present their human subjects in a clear and unbiased way. They attempt to achieve this by observing subjects in their local environment. ______ then describe interactions and customs, a process known as ethnography. By participating in the everyday life of their subjects, anthropologists can better understand and explain the purpose of local institutions, culture, and practices. This process is known as participant-observation. It used to establish rapport with their host societies before they can extract life stories of people.

anthropologist

_____ is everything that a person learns as a member of a society.

culture

_____ - this implies all of person's belief system, set of behaviors, and material possessions. It can be said that culture is powerful agent in shaping the decisions and actions of humans, given a situation.

culture is everything

1. ______- all the tangible and visible parts of culture, which include clothes, food, and even buildings. The types of ______ present in societies differ, as each society is configured by its environment and history. For example, the culinary culture of the Philippines is different from even that of its neighbors in Asia such as Japan.

material culture

2. _____- includes all the intangible parts of culture, which consist of values, ideas, and knowledge. Just like _____ culture, the belief and values systems of societies differ from one another based on their environment and history. Values are concepts that are culturally determined; it separates what is acceptable from that which is taboo. On the other hand, beliefs are culturally approved truths that deal with the specific parts of human life. For example, the belief in the phrase bahala na, which was derived from the older phrase bathala na, supports the religious values system that is present in the society.

nonmaterial culture

- The process of learning your own culture.

enculturation

- This process of learning culture and accommodate desirable traits from other cultures.

acculturation

____ - happens if there is a conflict between older generations to the younger generation. The culture has been lost and even the cultural trait itself is in the process of being forgotten.

deculturation

- set of behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs that a person possesses is a part of a greater collection of values and ideas that is communally owned and practiced by members of society.

culture is shared

______. Humans are born into cultures that have values on beauty and body. As such, they alter their bodies to fi t into the physiological norms that are dictated by culture. Examples are shown below. lotus feet in chiba lip plate

culture affects biology

Culture is a tool for survival that humans use in response to the pressures of their environment. Both the material and the nonmaterial parts of culture are influenced by the goal of humans to address their needs as dictated by their environment and their biology. The Inuits of the Arctic region are well-known for building igloos during fishing and hunting expeditions. These dome-shaped homes provide temporary shelter for the mobile group. During summer, they use tupiqs, which are tents made of animal skin, as their temporary homes. Another ____ mechanism that is practiced in most cultures is the creation of food taboos. Examples are the following: • Consumption of pork is prohibited for Muslims • Cows in India is venerated. So consuming beef is considered a taboo.

culture is adaptive

Culture can also cause problems for the people who subscribe to it. These problems arise when the environment has changed, and culture has remained the same. For example, the "car culture" present in most societies is getting maladaptive as the environment gets more polluted.

culture is maladaptive

- characteristics of culture is that it is never static.

culture changes