______ can appreciate artworks if they can understand and grasp the meaning of the artwork. The viewers are also called "gazers," "onlookers," or "audience." In art viewing, _____ bring with them their knowledge of art, biases, and judgment of beauty. This means that when the _____ are educated in art or have been exposed to different kinds of artworks in different contexts, they can appreciate the physical qualities of the artwork, interpret its content and meaning, and make a judgment whether it is beautiful or not.

art viewers

_______ is what you see that is depicted in the artwork. It may be a human form where the figures are engaged in an activity, or a combination of texture and color. It may also be a figure made from found objects put together or assembled into a coherent whole.

subject matter

_____ is what the artwork is made of. It can also be a combination of objects used in the artwork.

material

______ refer to the physical qualities of the image. The artist uses colors, lines, spaces, and other elements to make visual images. These are arranged into an organized manner that observes unity, harmony, rhythm, or other principles of design in a creative way.

art elements and principles

It was the philosopher _______ who laid the philosophical foundation for artistic modernism that has influenced contemporary artists. According to Kant, the viewers of art should put themselves in a state of sensory awareness, give up their personal interests, and not associate art with anything when they respond to it. Therefore, they should consider art as independent of any purpose or utility other than aesthetic value.

immanuel kant

______ is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature, beauty, and value of art objects and experiences. It involves appreciation, understanding, and judging the value of art. An aesthetic judgment should be neither personal nor relative.

aesthetics

The viewer should rise above time, place, and personal biases to reach a judgment of art to which all reasonable people would agree. This is also called "_________”. Thus, the contemporary trends in art-making became pluralistic, open to many variations in subject matter, content, form, and material. The artist is free to "deconstruct" or "recontextualize" art. This is the art that takes into account the uniqueness of the individual, creativity and artistic genius, and unawareness of the art market.

psychic distance

In ______, artists believe that it is alright to copy masterpieces and exhibit them as their own. The term used for this is "appropriating" or "borrowing" For them, originality has to do with raising an issue rather than with inventing a new image. Therefore, invention and uniqueness are no longer essential to making art.

postmodernism

For them, originality has to do with raising an issue rather than with inventing a new image. Therefore, invention and uniqueness are no longer essential to making art. Artist ______'s works exemplify these qualities.

sherrie levin

To contrast modern with postmodern artists _____ attempt to be pure in their use of medium and believe in the possibility of universal communication.

modernists

_____ embrace a much wider array of art-making activities and projects and tend to be eclectic regarding media and freely gather imagery, techniques, and inspiration from a wide variety of sources, much of it from popular culture

postmodernists

_____ starts with a description of an artwork. As you have learned in describing, the viewer focuses on subject matter, materials, and art elements and principles of design. ______, on the other hand, requires an understanding of the content by separating the parts of the subject matter. This can lead to grasping the art works organizational structure, nature, function, and value.

art analysis

_______ is employed by the viewer after describing and analyzing an artwork. Here, focus is on the expressive qualities, the meaning, theme, mood, or idea communicated by the artist.

art interpretation

________m’s digital art entitled Discretion of the Lip Movement (see Fig. 6.1) is an expression of human engagement in communication.Manny Montelibano's digital art entitled Discretion of the Lip Movement (see Fig. 6.1) is an expression of human engagement in communication.

manny montelibano