Biology Chapter 32

25問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Which of the following characteristics represents the oldest branch point in animal phylogeny?

true tissues or no tissues

While observing seawater through a microscope, you spot the embryo of an unknown animal. Which of the following criteria could you use to determine whether the organism exhibits protostome or deuterostome development?

spiral cleavage or radial cleavage

Which of the following characteristics in an organism would indicate that lacks a coelom?

Muscular activity of its digestive system distorts the body wall.

What do many organisms with deuterostome development have in common?

The blastopore formed during gastrulation becomes the anus.

Which of the following characteristics is common to all known animals?

Animals are multicellular.

Among organisms exhibiting protostome development, which morphological trait shows the most variation?

type of body cavity

In examining an unknown animal species during its embryonic development, how can you be sure what you are looking at exhibits protostome or deuterostome development?

The animal's coelom develops from the archenteron.

At one time, sponges were lumped into one phylum. Then, they were separated into several different phyla. Now, they are considered one phylum again. These changes indicate which of the following?

Every phylogeny should be considered a hypothesis that must be revised in the light of new data.

A student encounters an animal embryo at the eight-cell stage. The four smaller cells that comprise one hemisphere of the embryo seem to be rotated 45° and to lie in the grooves between larger, underlying cells. If we were to separate these eight cells and attempt to culture them individually, then what is most likely to happen?

Each cell may continue development, but only into a nonviable embryo that lacks many parts.

Sponges and ctenophores have both been proposed as basal metazoans. Which of the following types of data support the idea that sponges are the basal group?

recent phylogenomic evidence, fossil steroid evidence, molecular clock, lack of tissues in sponges, and structure of collar cells

Body symmetry in animals affects swimming in which of the following ways?

Bilaterally symmetric animals can be streamlined for swimming, but radially symmetric animals cannot.

Which of the following statements is correct regarding animal body plans?

the body plans we see now have been evolutionarily advantageous compared to others in the past

Nine-banded armadillos give birth to four genetically identical offspring at a time. What does this fact suggest about the development of these organisms?

the embryo undergoes radial and indeterminate cleavage

Which of the following statements concerning animal taxonomy is accurate?

Animals are thought to have evolved from flagellated protists similar to modern choanoflagellates.

If an organism exhibits a head with sensory structures, which of the following characteristics would it likely also exhibit?

it is bilaterally symmetrical

Which of the following characteristics is shared among animals ranging from corals to monkeys?

sexual reproduction

Which of the following organisms is most likely classified as something other than an animal?

choanoflagellate

A student encounters an animal embryo at the eight-cell stage. The four smaller cells that comprise one hemisphere of the embryo seem to be rotated 45° and to lie in the grooves between larger, underlying cells. Which of the following organisms is this embryo most likely to develop into?

earthworm

Which of the following organisms was most likely the most recent common ancestor of all animals?

flagellated protist

Which tissue type or organ is correctly matched with its germ layer tissue?

skin–ectoderm

Which of the following was an early selective advantage of a coelom in animals?

it contributed to a hydrostatic skeleton, allowing greater range of motion

Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. Which of the following distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy?

most animals derive their nutrition by ingesting materials

Placing sponges as the basal metazoans on the basis of lack of tissues implies which of the following?

Sponge ancestors never had tissues.

The distinction between sponges and other animal phyla is based mainly on the absence versus the presence of ________.

tissues

Which of the following is an advantage of using molecular data rather than morphological data for phylogenetic analysis?

Molecular data is based on genetic relationships rather than morphological similarities.

Biology - Chapter 1

ユーザ名非公開 · 19問 · 1年前

Biology - Chapter 1