Biology - Chapter 22 | 暗記メーカー

Biology - Chapter 22

13問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Many crustaceans (for example, lobsters, shrimp, and crayfish) use their tails to swim, but crabs have reduced tails that curl under their shells and are not used in swimming. This is an example of _____.

a vestigial trait

Of the following anatomical structures, which is homologous to the bones in the wing of a bird?

bones in the flipper of a whale

Which of the following scientists argued that variation among individuals allows evolution to occur?

Wallace

Structures as different as human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones, which develop from similar embryonic tissues. These structural similarities are an example of _____.

homology

A population of organisms will not evolve if ____.

all individual variation is due only to environmental factors

Which of the following evidence most strongly supports the common origin of all life on Earth?

use essentially the same genetic code

Researchers discovered that a new strain of bacteria that cause tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) taken from a dead patient has a point mutation in the rpoB gene that codes for part of the RNA polymerase enzyme. This mutant form of RNA polymerase does not function as well as the more common form of RNA polymerase. A commonly used antibiotic called rifampin does not affect the mutant poB bacteria. A researcher mixes M. tuberculosis with and without the rpoB mutation and adds the bacteria to cell cultures. Half the cell cultures contain only standard nutrients, while the other half of the cell cultures contain rifampin and the standard nutrients. After many cell generations, the researcher finds that _____.

very few M. tuberculosis in the standard nutrient cell cultures carry the poB gene mutation, but almost all of the M. tuberculosis in the cell cultures with rifampin carry the poB mutation

Which of the following represents an idea that Darwin learned from the writings of Thomas Malthus?

Populations tend to increase at a faster rate than their food supply normally allows.

Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While studying these creatures, you notice that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate and father more offspring. To test the hypothesis that having longer hair is adaptive in these males, you should _____.

determine if hair length is heritable

Starting from the wild mustard Brassica oleracea, breeders have created the strains known as Brussels sprouts, broccoli, kale, and cabbage. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct?

In this wild mustard, there is enough heritable variation to permit these different varieties.

Prior to the work of Lyell and Darwin, the prevailing belief was that Earth is _______.

a few thousand years old, and populations are unchanging

In the mid-1900s, the Soviet geneticist Lysenko believed that his winter wheat plants, exposed to increasingly colder temperatures, would eventually give rise to more cold-tolerant winter wheat. Lysenko's attempts in this regard were most in agreement with the ideas of _____.

Lamarck

A farmer uses triazine herbicide to control pigweed in his field. For the first few years, the triazine works well and almost all the pigweed dies; but after several years, the farmer sees more and more pigweed. Which of these explanations best explains what happened?

Triazine-resistant weeds were more likely to survive and reproduce.

Biology - Chapter 1

ユーザ名非公開 · 19問 · 1年前

Biology - Chapter 1