Biology - Chapter 41 | 暗記メーカー

Biology - Chapter 41

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問題一覧

Villi and microvilli in the small intestine _____.

increase the surface area to increase the efficiency of nutrient absorption

Cattle are able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material because cattle _____.

have cellulose-digesting, symbiotic microorganisms in chambers of their stomachs

You are most likely to observe coprophagy in _____.

herbivores

Digestive secretions with a pH of 2 are characteristic of the _____.

stomach

Bacteria that produce vitamins are found in the greatest concentration in location ____.

large intestine

The highest rate of nutrient absorption occurs at location_____.

small intestine

If you found a vertebrate skull in the woods and the teeth were sharp and scissor-like, what type of food would you expect this animal to eat?

flesh of another animal

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes _____.

use water molecules when breaking bonds (hydrolysis)

The bile salts _____.

emulsify fats in the duodenum

The pancreas is involved in the digestion of _____. I) protein II) fat III) nucleic acids IV) carbohydrates

I, II, III, and IV

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that _____.

most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood

The agents that help emulsify fats are produced in location _____.

liver

Which of the following organs is correctly paired with its function?

stomach — protein digestion

Certain nutrients are considered "essential" in the diets of some animals because _____.

these animals are not able to synthesize these nutrients

Among mammals, it is generally true that _____.

the epiglottis prevents swallowed food from entering the trachea

A relatively long cecum is characteristic of animals that are_____.

herbivores

If you place a small piece of a cracker on your tongue, what would you expect to happen?

Salivary amylase degrades the starch from the cracker into glucose.

The process of obtaining food is known as _____ and requires specialized mouthparts.

ingestion

Over-the-counter medications for acid reflux or heartburn block the production of stomach acid. Which of the following cells are directly affected by this medication?

parietal cells

In a healthy person, after a large meal, the production of _____ will increase. After fasting, the production of _____ will increase.

insulin; glucagon

In marine sponges, intracellular digestion of peptides is usually immediately preceded by _____.

phagocytosis

Animals that migrate great distances would obtain the greatest energetic benefit of storing chemical energy as _____.

fats

When the digestion and absorption of organic carbohydrates results in more energy-rich molecules than are immediately required by an animal, the excess is _____.

stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles

Ingested dietary substances must cross cell membranes to be used by the body. This process is known as _____.

absorption

Food being digested in the stomach is in a highly acidic environment. When the food is released from the stomach into the small intestine, why is the environment no longer acidic?

Secretin increases the flow of bicarbonate ions from the pancreas into the small intestine to neutralize the stomach acid.

An advantage of a complete digestive system over a gastrovascular cavity is that the complete system___.

allows for specialized regions with specialized functions

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quiz 1 for biochem

quiz 1 for biochem

問題一覧

Villi and microvilli in the small intestine _____.

increase the surface area to increase the efficiency of nutrient absorption

Cattle are able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material because cattle _____.

have cellulose-digesting, symbiotic microorganisms in chambers of their stomachs

You are most likely to observe coprophagy in _____.

herbivores

Digestive secretions with a pH of 2 are characteristic of the _____.

stomach

Bacteria that produce vitamins are found in the greatest concentration in location ____.

large intestine

The highest rate of nutrient absorption occurs at location_____.

small intestine

If you found a vertebrate skull in the woods and the teeth were sharp and scissor-like, what type of food would you expect this animal to eat?

flesh of another animal

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes _____.

use water molecules when breaking bonds (hydrolysis)

The bile salts _____.

emulsify fats in the duodenum

The pancreas is involved in the digestion of _____. I) protein II) fat III) nucleic acids IV) carbohydrates

I, II, III, and IV

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that _____.

most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood

The agents that help emulsify fats are produced in location _____.

liver

Which of the following organs is correctly paired with its function?

stomach — protein digestion

Certain nutrients are considered "essential" in the diets of some animals because _____.

these animals are not able to synthesize these nutrients

Among mammals, it is generally true that _____.

the epiglottis prevents swallowed food from entering the trachea

A relatively long cecum is characteristic of animals that are_____.

herbivores

If you place a small piece of a cracker on your tongue, what would you expect to happen?

Salivary amylase degrades the starch from the cracker into glucose.

The process of obtaining food is known as _____ and requires specialized mouthparts.

ingestion

Over-the-counter medications for acid reflux or heartburn block the production of stomach acid. Which of the following cells are directly affected by this medication?

parietal cells

In a healthy person, after a large meal, the production of _____ will increase. After fasting, the production of _____ will increase.

insulin; glucagon

In marine sponges, intracellular digestion of peptides is usually immediately preceded by _____.

phagocytosis

Animals that migrate great distances would obtain the greatest energetic benefit of storing chemical energy as _____.

fats

When the digestion and absorption of organic carbohydrates results in more energy-rich molecules than are immediately required by an animal, the excess is _____.

stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles

Ingested dietary substances must cross cell membranes to be used by the body. This process is known as _____.

absorption

Food being digested in the stomach is in a highly acidic environment. When the food is released from the stomach into the small intestine, why is the environment no longer acidic?

Secretin increases the flow of bicarbonate ions from the pancreas into the small intestine to neutralize the stomach acid.

An advantage of a complete digestive system over a gastrovascular cavity is that the complete system___.

allows for specialized regions with specialized functions