Biology - Chapter 24 | 暗記メーカー

Biology - Chapter 24

14問 • 1年前

問題一覧

According to the concept of punctuated equilibrium, the "sudden" appearance of a new species in the fossil record means that ____.

speciation occurred rapidly in geologic time

Rank the following in order from most general to most specific: 1. gametic isolation 2. reproductive isolating mechanism 3.sperm-egg incompatibility in sea urchins 4. prezygotic isolating mechanism

2, 4, 1, 3

Most causes of speciation are relatively slow, in that they may take many generations to see changes, with the exception of _____.

polyploidy

Reinforcement is most likely to occur when _____.

hybrids have lower fitness than either parent population

The production of sterile mules by interbreeding between female horses (mares) and male donkeys (jacks) is an example of ____.

reduced hybrid fertility

The largest unit within which gene flow can readily occur is ________.

a species

Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs that sound different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the populations came in contact?

a behavioral reproductive isolating mechanism

Beetle pollinators of a particular plant are attracted to its flowers' bright orange color. The beetles not only pollinate the flowers, but they mate while inside of the flowers. A mutant version of the plant with red flowers becomes more common with the passage of time. A particular variant of the beetle prefers the red flowers to the orange flowers. Over time, these two beetle variants diverge from each other to such an extent that interbreeding is no longer possible. What kind of speciation has occurred in this example, and what has driven it?

sympatric speciation; habitat differentiation

There is still some controversy among biologists about whether Neanderthals should be placed within the same species as modern humans or into a separate species of their own. Most DNA sequence data analyzed so far indicate that there was probably little or no gene flow between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. Which species concept is most applicable in this example?

biological

Two populations of birds with somewhat different coloration live on opposite sides of a peninsula. The habitat between the populations is not suitable for these birds. When birds from the two populations are brought together, they produce young whose appearance is intermediate between the two parents. These offspring will breed with each other or with birds from either parent population, and all offspring of these pairings appear intermediate to various degrees. What keeps the two populations separate?

habitat isolation

Male frogs give calls that attract female frogs to approach and mate. Researchers examined mating calls of closely related tree frogs in South America. If reinforcement is occurring, what would you expect if you compare the calls of the two species in zones of sympatry versus zones of allopatry?

Calls would be more different in areas of sympatry.

Plant species A has a diploid number of 12. Plant species B has a diploid number of 16. A new species, C, arises as an allopolyploid from A and B. The diploid number for species C would probably be ____.

How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?

allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations

According to the concept of punctuated equilibrium, the "sudden" appearance of a new species in the fossil record means that ______.

speciation occurred rapidly in geologic time

Biology - Chapter 1

ユーザ名非公開 · 19問 · 1年前

Biology - Chapter 1