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Immunology

Immunology
79問 • 1年前
  • holly shea
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    What cell do you need for intracellular infection?

    CD8

  • 2

    What are accessory proteins around TCR called?

    CD3

  • 3

    What interaction is required to initiate opsonisation?

    Antibody binding to bacterial membrane

  • 4

    Interferon gamma is produced by which cell type?

    NK cells

  • 5

    IL-4 is required for what T cell subpopulation?

    Th2

  • 6

    How much more potent is dexamethasone than prednisolone?

    seven times more potent

  • 7

    What is immunological tolerance?

    Failure to respond to an antigen

  • 8

    How do polymorphonuclear neutrophils attack bacteria?

    By phagocytosis

  • 9

    Which of these drugs directly acts through inhibition of IL-2 production?

    Ciclosporine

  • 10

    Which of these drugs act by inhibiting IL-31 signalling?

    Lokivetmab

  • 11

    Which of these drugs activity might be increased by inhibiting P450 enzymes?

    Cyclosporin

  • 12

    Which of these drugs activity might be decreased by inhibiting P450 enzymes?

    Leflunomide

  • 13

    Which of these drugs acts primarily by inhibiting DNA/RNA synthesis?

    Azathioprine

  • 14

    CD8 lymphocytes are…

    Cytotoxic T cells

  • 15

    Surface immunoglobulin is expressed on what cells?

    B cells

  • 16

    Key characteristic of innate response?

    Not dependent on immunological memory

  • 17

    What is the defining structural characteristic of IgM?

    Pentameric immunoglobulin molecule

  • 18

    IgG…

    Has 2 binding sites

  • 19

    Lymphocytes are…

    Able to respond to an antigen by proliferating

  • 20

    What is the function of T cells in the adaptive immune response?

    Cell mediated immunity

  • 21

    Which of the following is true of lymph nodes?

    Site of antigen and lymphocyte interaction

  • 22

    Function of Th cells?

    Assist other lymphocytes

  • 23

    Th2 responses…

    Drive antibody production

  • 24

    IgG …

    Most common immunoglobulin molecule

  • 25

    Feature of MHC class I proteins in immunity?

    Essential for viral recognition by cytotoxic cells

  • 26

    Which of the following statements is true about Fc region of immunoglobulins?

    Involved in binding antigens to phagocytes

  • 27

    T cell receptors (TCR) for antigen also recognise which molecule?

    MHC

  • 28

    Secondary antibody responses are better because…

    Stronger and faster

  • 29

    IgA at mucosal surfaces…

    Is dimeric

  • 30

    MHC class II molecule are found on…

    B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages

  • 31

    Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

    Thymus

  • 32

    Specialised cells involving entry of lymphocytes into lymph nodes are called?

    HEV endothelial cells

  • 33

    Practical area of lymph node comprises mainly?

    T cells

  • 34

    Where are T cells found in the spleen?

    PALS

  • 35

    Which of the following lymphoid tissues is unencapsulated?

    MALT

  • 36

    Spleen is largely involved with response to antigens which are located where?

    Blood

  • 37

    Following cells are phagocytic…

    Macrophages

  • 38

    Which of the following lymphoid organ is first to develop in foetus?

    Thymus

  • 39

    Lymphocytes…

    Respond to antigen by proliferating

  • 40

    Complement component C5…

    Binds C5-9 when activated

  • 41

    In the complement system C3b…

    Opsonises bacteria

  • 42

    Immune complexes …

    Cause type III hypersensitivity

  • 43

    Epitopes are …

    Immunogenic sites on antigens

  • 44

    Which of the following is true of viral immunity?

    It involved interferon produced but many cell types

  • 45

    In immunity to helminths…

    Th2 mediated IgE production controls worm burdens

  • 46

    Which type of response to Mast cells mediate?

    Type I (immediate) hypersensitivity

  • 47

    ELISA …

    Can be used to assay antibody responses

  • 48

    Upon activation which function does complement component C3 serve?

    Activates lytic pathway (C5-C9)

  • 49

    Primary immunodeficiency…

    Can affect all parts of the immune system

  • 50

    What is the term used to describe immunological unresponsiveness to self antigens?

    Tolerance

  • 51

    What component of immune system provides protection against microorganisms present inside cells?

    CD8

  • 52

    Langerhan cells are found in …

    Skin

  • 53

    Extracellular pathogens are optimally killed by …

    Antibody + macrophages + complement

  • 54

    Protection gains worm infestations is associated with increase in …

    IgE

  • 55

    Which of the following animal diseases has been eradicated worldwide?

    Rinderpest

  • 56

    What are NK cells optimised to recognise and respond to?

    Absence of MHC class I molecules

  • 57

    What is the predominant immunoglobulin type in ruminant colostrum?

    IgG

  • 58

    What is the intestinal receptor responsible for binding and uptake of colostrum IgG?

    FcRn

  • 59

    In which of these animals can IgG cross placenta?

    Dogs, Cats

  • 60

    What should be administered to failure of passive transfer (FPT) formal diagopnosed 20 hours after birth?

    Intravenous horse plasma

  • 61

    In the complement system…

    C1 is the first enzyme complex in the classical pathway

  • 62

    Type 1 interferons …

    Prevent viral growth and infection of cells

  • 63

    What are the key mediators of type IV hypersensitivity?

    T cells and macrophages

  • 64

    Which three of these statements apply to NK cells? 1. They are activated by interferons 2. They are antigen-specific lymphocytes 3. They are cytotoxic for tumour cells 4. They are phagocytic 5. They kill target cells expressing no/low levels of MHC 1

    1 + 3 + 5

  • 65

    Which three of these statements apply to Intracellular bacterial infections? They: 1. Are complexed by antibodies 2. Induce macrophage activation 3. May manipulate cellular cytokine responses 4. Require TH1 responses for effective immunity 5. Trigger protective complement responses

    2 + 3 + 4

  • 66

    Which three of these statements apply to Canine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency? It: 1. Has a genetic basis 2. Is a CD8 deficiency 3. Results in neutropenia 4. Results in neutrophilia 5. Results in recurrent bacterial infections

    1 + 4 + 5

  • 67

    Which three of these statements apply? A lymph node is: 1. A site of antigen stimulation of T helper cells 2. A site of T lymphocyte maturation 3. Enlarged during immune responses 4. Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue 5. Populated with high endothelial venules

    1 + 3 + 5

  • 68

    Which three of these statements apply? IgA: 1. Activates the classical complement pathway 2. Is found on mucosal surfaces 3. Is often polymerised to form dimers 4. Is protected by secretory component 5. Is the main antibody in primary immune responses

    2 + 3 + 4

  • 69

    Which three of these statements apply? MHC II: 1. Confers antigen specificity 2. Enables antigen presentation to T helper cells 3. Is a ligand for CD4 attachment 4. Is expressed on all nucleated cells 5. Varies between individual animals

    2 + 3 + 5

  • 70

    Which three of these statements apply? IgE: 1. Activates eosinophils 2. Activates mast cells 3. Is involved in Type I hypersensitivity 4. Is involved in Type IV hypersensitivity 5. Is the main antibody in a primary immune response

    1 + 2 + 3

  • 71

    Which three of these statements apply to T Helper cells? They: 1. Are antigen specific 2. Are part of the innate immune system 3. Have Fc receptors 4. Interact directly with antigen presenting cells 5. May assist antibody production

    1 + 4 + 5

  • 72

    Which three of these statements apply to B lymphocytes? They: 1. Are phagocytic 2. Can become plasma cells 3. Have surface bound Immunoglobulin 4. Mature in the thymus 5. Proliferate in response to antigen

    2 + 3 + 5

  • 73

    Trafficking of antigens and lymphocytes into the lymph node follows a route involving which three of the following structures? 1. Afferent lymphatics 2. Cortex 3. Hassal’s corpuscles 4. Medulla 5. White pulp

    1 + 2 + 4

  • 74

    Which THREE of these statements apply to macrophages? 1. They are phagocytic 2. They bind C3b 3. They can present antigens 4. They have antigen receptors 5. They have neutrophil receptors

    1 + 2 + 3

  • 75

    How much more potent is dexamethazsome than prednisolone?

    7x

  • 76

    Which of these drugs acts directly through inhibition of IL-2 production?

    Ciclosporin

  • 77

    Which of these drugs acts by inhibiting IL-31 signalling?

    Lokivetmab

  • 78

    Which of these drugs activity would be increased by inhibiting p450 enzymes (administering ketoconazole)?

    Cyclosporin

  • 79

    What is the incorrect function of the following cytokines?

    IL-1

    • GI

    GI

    holly shea · 18問 · 2年前

    GI

    GI

    18問 • 2年前
    holly shea

    IND

    IND

    holly shea · 25問 · 2年前

    IND

    IND

    25問 • 2年前
    holly shea

    AHW

    AHW

    holly shea · 52問 · 2年前

    AHW

    AHW

    52問 • 2年前
    holly shea

    CV

    CV

    holly shea · 31問 · 2年前

    CV

    CV

    31問 • 2年前
    holly shea

    Forage values

    Forage values

    holly shea · 20問 · 2年前

    Forage values

    Forage values

    20問 • 2年前
    holly shea

    Epi

    Epi

    holly shea · 6問 · 2年前

    Epi

    Epi

    6問 • 2年前
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    Forelimb

    Forelimb

    holly shea · 39問 · 2年前

    Forelimb

    Forelimb

    39問 • 2年前
    holly shea

    CNS

    CNS

    holly shea · 45問 · 2年前

    CNS

    CNS

    45問 • 2年前
    holly shea

    Urinary

    Urinary

    holly shea · 48問 · 1年前

    Urinary

    Urinary

    48問 • 1年前
    holly shea

    Husbandry

    Husbandry

    holly shea · 46問 · 1年前

    Husbandry

    Husbandry

    46問 • 1年前
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    Breeds

    Breeds

    holly shea · 14問 · 1年前

    Breeds

    Breeds

    14問 • 1年前
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    CNS

    CNS

    holly shea · 24問 · 12ヶ月前

    CNS

    CNS

    24問 • 12ヶ月前
    holly shea

    Head

    Head

    holly shea · 40問 · 1年前

    Head

    Head

    40問 • 1年前
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    Clinical biochemistry

    Clinical biochemistry

    holly shea · 24問 · 11ヶ月前

    Clinical biochemistry

    Clinical biochemistry

    24問 • 11ヶ月前
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    Parasitology

    Parasitology

    holly shea · 50問 · 1年前

    Parasitology

    Parasitology

    50問 • 1年前
    holly shea

    Disorders of circulation

    Disorders of circulation

    holly shea · 17問 · 10ヶ月前

    Disorders of circulation

    Disorders of circulation

    17問 • 10ヶ月前
    holly shea

    Endocrine

    Endocrine

    holly shea · 54問 · 1年前

    Endocrine

    Endocrine

    54問 • 1年前
    holly shea

    ID

    ID

    holly shea · 11問 · 1年前

    ID

    ID

    11問 • 1年前
    holly shea

    GI

    GI

    holly shea · 16問 · 1年前

    GI

    GI

    16問 • 1年前
    holly shea

    Cell degeneration

    Cell degeneration

    holly shea · 28問 · 10ヶ月前

    Cell degeneration

    Cell degeneration

    28問 • 10ヶ月前
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    Reproduction

    Reproduction

    holly shea · 31問 · 1年前

    Reproduction

    Reproduction

    31問 • 1年前
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    ALL pharmacology

    ALL pharmacology

    holly shea · 31問 · 1年前

    ALL pharmacology

    ALL pharmacology

    31問 • 1年前
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    Opthalmoscopy + Otoscopy

    Opthalmoscopy + Otoscopy

    holly shea · 30問 · 1年前

    Opthalmoscopy + Otoscopy

    Opthalmoscopy + Otoscopy

    30問 • 1年前
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    Basic Physical Exam

    Basic Physical Exam

    holly shea · 15問 · 1年前

    Basic Physical Exam

    Basic Physical Exam

    15問 • 1年前
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    Respiratory

    Respiratory

    holly shea · 5問 · 1年前

    Respiratory

    Respiratory

    5問 • 1年前
    holly shea

    Cardiovascular

    Cardiovascular

    holly shea · 9問 · 1年前

    Cardiovascular

    Cardiovascular

    9問 • 1年前
    holly shea

    Cytology

    Cytology

    holly shea · 17問 · 1年前

    Cytology

    Cytology

    17問 • 1年前
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    Urinary

    Urinary

    holly shea · 19問 · 10ヶ月前

    Urinary

    Urinary

    19問 • 10ヶ月前
    holly shea

    Inflammation

    Inflammation

    holly shea · 23問 · 11ヶ月前

    Inflammation

    Inflammation

    23問 • 11ヶ月前
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    Haematology

    Haematology

    holly shea · 15問 · 1年前

    Haematology

    Haematology

    15問 • 1年前
    holly shea

    問題一覧

  • 1

    What cell do you need for intracellular infection?

    CD8

  • 2

    What are accessory proteins around TCR called?

    CD3

  • 3

    What interaction is required to initiate opsonisation?

    Antibody binding to bacterial membrane

  • 4

    Interferon gamma is produced by which cell type?

    NK cells

  • 5

    IL-4 is required for what T cell subpopulation?

    Th2

  • 6

    How much more potent is dexamethasone than prednisolone?

    seven times more potent

  • 7

    What is immunological tolerance?

    Failure to respond to an antigen

  • 8

    How do polymorphonuclear neutrophils attack bacteria?

    By phagocytosis

  • 9

    Which of these drugs directly acts through inhibition of IL-2 production?

    Ciclosporine

  • 10

    Which of these drugs act by inhibiting IL-31 signalling?

    Lokivetmab

  • 11

    Which of these drugs activity might be increased by inhibiting P450 enzymes?

    Cyclosporin

  • 12

    Which of these drugs activity might be decreased by inhibiting P450 enzymes?

    Leflunomide

  • 13

    Which of these drugs acts primarily by inhibiting DNA/RNA synthesis?

    Azathioprine

  • 14

    CD8 lymphocytes are…

    Cytotoxic T cells

  • 15

    Surface immunoglobulin is expressed on what cells?

    B cells

  • 16

    Key characteristic of innate response?

    Not dependent on immunological memory

  • 17

    What is the defining structural characteristic of IgM?

    Pentameric immunoglobulin molecule

  • 18

    IgG…

    Has 2 binding sites

  • 19

    Lymphocytes are…

    Able to respond to an antigen by proliferating

  • 20

    What is the function of T cells in the adaptive immune response?

    Cell mediated immunity

  • 21

    Which of the following is true of lymph nodes?

    Site of antigen and lymphocyte interaction

  • 22

    Function of Th cells?

    Assist other lymphocytes

  • 23

    Th2 responses…

    Drive antibody production

  • 24

    IgG …

    Most common immunoglobulin molecule

  • 25

    Feature of MHC class I proteins in immunity?

    Essential for viral recognition by cytotoxic cells

  • 26

    Which of the following statements is true about Fc region of immunoglobulins?

    Involved in binding antigens to phagocytes

  • 27

    T cell receptors (TCR) for antigen also recognise which molecule?

    MHC

  • 28

    Secondary antibody responses are better because…

    Stronger and faster

  • 29

    IgA at mucosal surfaces…

    Is dimeric

  • 30

    MHC class II molecule are found on…

    B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages

  • 31

    Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

    Thymus

  • 32

    Specialised cells involving entry of lymphocytes into lymph nodes are called?

    HEV endothelial cells

  • 33

    Practical area of lymph node comprises mainly?

    T cells

  • 34

    Where are T cells found in the spleen?

    PALS

  • 35

    Which of the following lymphoid tissues is unencapsulated?

    MALT

  • 36

    Spleen is largely involved with response to antigens which are located where?

    Blood

  • 37

    Following cells are phagocytic…

    Macrophages

  • 38

    Which of the following lymphoid organ is first to develop in foetus?

    Thymus

  • 39

    Lymphocytes…

    Respond to antigen by proliferating

  • 40

    Complement component C5…

    Binds C5-9 when activated

  • 41

    In the complement system C3b…

    Opsonises bacteria

  • 42

    Immune complexes …

    Cause type III hypersensitivity

  • 43

    Epitopes are …

    Immunogenic sites on antigens

  • 44

    Which of the following is true of viral immunity?

    It involved interferon produced but many cell types

  • 45

    In immunity to helminths…

    Th2 mediated IgE production controls worm burdens

  • 46

    Which type of response to Mast cells mediate?

    Type I (immediate) hypersensitivity

  • 47

    ELISA …

    Can be used to assay antibody responses

  • 48

    Upon activation which function does complement component C3 serve?

    Activates lytic pathway (C5-C9)

  • 49

    Primary immunodeficiency…

    Can affect all parts of the immune system

  • 50

    What is the term used to describe immunological unresponsiveness to self antigens?

    Tolerance

  • 51

    What component of immune system provides protection against microorganisms present inside cells?

    CD8

  • 52

    Langerhan cells are found in …

    Skin

  • 53

    Extracellular pathogens are optimally killed by …

    Antibody + macrophages + complement

  • 54

    Protection gains worm infestations is associated with increase in …

    IgE

  • 55

    Which of the following animal diseases has been eradicated worldwide?

    Rinderpest

  • 56

    What are NK cells optimised to recognise and respond to?

    Absence of MHC class I molecules

  • 57

    What is the predominant immunoglobulin type in ruminant colostrum?

    IgG

  • 58

    What is the intestinal receptor responsible for binding and uptake of colostrum IgG?

    FcRn

  • 59

    In which of these animals can IgG cross placenta?

    Dogs, Cats

  • 60

    What should be administered to failure of passive transfer (FPT) formal diagopnosed 20 hours after birth?

    Intravenous horse plasma

  • 61

    In the complement system…

    C1 is the first enzyme complex in the classical pathway

  • 62

    Type 1 interferons …

    Prevent viral growth and infection of cells

  • 63

    What are the key mediators of type IV hypersensitivity?

    T cells and macrophages

  • 64

    Which three of these statements apply to NK cells? 1. They are activated by interferons 2. They are antigen-specific lymphocytes 3. They are cytotoxic for tumour cells 4. They are phagocytic 5. They kill target cells expressing no/low levels of MHC 1

    1 + 3 + 5

  • 65

    Which three of these statements apply to Intracellular bacterial infections? They: 1. Are complexed by antibodies 2. Induce macrophage activation 3. May manipulate cellular cytokine responses 4. Require TH1 responses for effective immunity 5. Trigger protective complement responses

    2 + 3 + 4

  • 66

    Which three of these statements apply to Canine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency? It: 1. Has a genetic basis 2. Is a CD8 deficiency 3. Results in neutropenia 4. Results in neutrophilia 5. Results in recurrent bacterial infections

    1 + 4 + 5

  • 67

    Which three of these statements apply? A lymph node is: 1. A site of antigen stimulation of T helper cells 2. A site of T lymphocyte maturation 3. Enlarged during immune responses 4. Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue 5. Populated with high endothelial venules

    1 + 3 + 5

  • 68

    Which three of these statements apply? IgA: 1. Activates the classical complement pathway 2. Is found on mucosal surfaces 3. Is often polymerised to form dimers 4. Is protected by secretory component 5. Is the main antibody in primary immune responses

    2 + 3 + 4

  • 69

    Which three of these statements apply? MHC II: 1. Confers antigen specificity 2. Enables antigen presentation to T helper cells 3. Is a ligand for CD4 attachment 4. Is expressed on all nucleated cells 5. Varies between individual animals

    2 + 3 + 5

  • 70

    Which three of these statements apply? IgE: 1. Activates eosinophils 2. Activates mast cells 3. Is involved in Type I hypersensitivity 4. Is involved in Type IV hypersensitivity 5. Is the main antibody in a primary immune response

    1 + 2 + 3

  • 71

    Which three of these statements apply to T Helper cells? They: 1. Are antigen specific 2. Are part of the innate immune system 3. Have Fc receptors 4. Interact directly with antigen presenting cells 5. May assist antibody production

    1 + 4 + 5

  • 72

    Which three of these statements apply to B lymphocytes? They: 1. Are phagocytic 2. Can become plasma cells 3. Have surface bound Immunoglobulin 4. Mature in the thymus 5. Proliferate in response to antigen

    2 + 3 + 5

  • 73

    Trafficking of antigens and lymphocytes into the lymph node follows a route involving which three of the following structures? 1. Afferent lymphatics 2. Cortex 3. Hassal’s corpuscles 4. Medulla 5. White pulp

    1 + 2 + 4

  • 74

    Which THREE of these statements apply to macrophages? 1. They are phagocytic 2. They bind C3b 3. They can present antigens 4. They have antigen receptors 5. They have neutrophil receptors

    1 + 2 + 3

  • 75

    How much more potent is dexamethazsome than prednisolone?

    7x

  • 76

    Which of these drugs acts directly through inhibition of IL-2 production?

    Ciclosporin

  • 77

    Which of these drugs acts by inhibiting IL-31 signalling?

    Lokivetmab

  • 78

    Which of these drugs activity would be increased by inhibiting p450 enzymes (administering ketoconazole)?

    Cyclosporin

  • 79

    What is the incorrect function of the following cytokines?

    IL-1