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73問 • 1年前

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In ancient times, most of architectural designs and construction was carried out by ______ such as ______ and ______

artisans , stonemasons , carpenters

In ______ BC to ______ BC, earliest practice of civil engineering were in ancient ______ and ancient ______ when humans abandoned the nomadic way of living and first built a roof for its shelter

4000 , 2000 , egypt , mesopotamia

In ______ BC to ______ BC, the construction of ______ in Egypt were some of the first instances of large structure construction

2700 , 2500 , pyramids

Structural elements:

slab , column , beam , joist , footing , foundation

Old binding agents:

clay , lime , mortar

In _____ BC, first major roman road, the _____ or QUEEN OF ROADS was constructed to serve as a supply route between republican Rome and its allies in Capua during the Second Samnite War

312 , appian way

In ______ BC, ______ (opus caementicium) paved way for the frenzies of the first roman emperor Agustus

27 , roman concrete

The romans mixed ______ with ______ to form a mortar which was packed with chunks of bricks or volcanic tuff to form the basic material for roads, bridges, and buildings

limestone , volcanic ash

In ______, the term Civil Engineering came in to use to describe engineering work that was performed by civilians for non-military purposes

18th century

On ______, the FIRST institution for the teaching of Civil Engineering, the ______ was established in France, founded by ______

1747 , Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees , daniel-charles trudaine

In ______, ______, who constructed the Eddyston Lighthouse, formed the ______, a group of leaders of the profession

1771 , john smeaton , smeatonian society of civil engineers

A concrete that cured under water and developed a technique of securing the blocks using dovetail joints and marble dowel

hydraulic lime

He pioneered hydrolic lime

john smeaton

In ______, the first degree in Civil Engineering in the US was awarded by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

1835

In ______, the first Civil Engineering degree awarded to a woman was granted by Cornell University to ______

nora stanton blatch , 1905

In ______, the ______ (Obras Publicas) and ______ (Communicationes y Meteologia) were organized under a civil engineer known as "______"

1868 , bureau of public works and highways , bureau of communication and transportation , director general

In ______, the entire line from Manila to Dagupan, with a total length of 195.4 km, was completed and put into commercial operations

november 24, 1892

Gives a right for the person, wether he owns or not, to use a portion of another person's land to use depending on his needs

right of way

When building your home, you should consider ______ adjustment for road widening

3 meter

The first appearance of motor vehicles in the Philippine highways

1910

On ___, the Board of Regents of the University of the Philippines, in a resolution passed on ______, appointed Mr. ______ as acting Dean of the College of Engineering

1910 , june 3, 1910 , w.j. colbert

The first instructor to be appointed was Mr. ______ of the City Engineer's Office of Manila, as instructor in graphics (drawing) on a part-time basis

jose p. katigbak

The first appearance of motor vehicles in the Philippine highways was in ___ Roads and bridges had to be kept in good condition at all times. Naturally, there was a need for funds to keep the roads passable the whole year round

1910

The ______ provided for popularly elected municipal board members who were responsible for collecting taxes, maintaining municipal properties, and undertaking necessary construction projects

1901 municipal code

By virtue of Act No. ___ passed by the Philippine Commission on ______, public works and projects were placed under the "______"

83, february 6, 1901 , provincial supervisions

When the popular _______ road type was introduced, it gained acceptance because of abundant supply of stones and gravel

macadam

It is the first multi-structure in Escolta, Manila

masonic temple

The first professional association of architecture and surveyors was born on ______ with the creation of the Academia de Arquitectura y Agrimensura de Filipinas (AAAF)

september 14, 1902

On ______, AAFF changed the name of association to Academia de Arquitectura, Ingeniera y Agrimensura de Filipinas (AIAAF) - including civil engineers and surveyors

1903

On ______, the first ______ or ______ was passed granting the Manila Railroad Company (MRRCo) the right to construct branch lines

december 8, 1902 , railroad legislation act , philippine commision act no. 554

This bill includes improving harbors, constructing maintaining bonded warehouses, wharves, piers, light-houses, signal and life-saving stations buoys, and like instruments of commerce, as well as to adopt and enforce regulations

philippine bill of 1902 , philippine organic act

The Philippine Bill of ___ or the ______ authorized the Government of the Philippine Islands to provide for the needs of commerce

1902 , philippine organic act

The Philippine Commission passed Act No. ___ and ___ creating the Department of ______ which gave birth to the ______ and the ______

222 , 268 , commerce and police , bureau of engineering and construction of public works , bureau of architecture and construction of public buildings

In ______, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Registration Certificate No.53896 to the PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, INC. (PICE)

december 11, 1973

On ______, Presidential Decree 223 created the ______ regulating all professions and accrediting only one organization to represent each profession

june 1973 , professional regulation commission

Presidential Decree No. ______, also known as The Provincial Water Utilities Act of 1973, was signed into law on ______ That law created the ______ in the national level and provided for the establishment of Water Districts in provincial cities and municipalities

198 , may 25, 1973 , local water utilities administration

On ______, the first election of officers of PICE was held and Engr ______ became its first president

february 1974 , cesar caliwara

The former Bureau of Public Highways was expanded and restructured into the ______ for a more effective administration of the country's highway system through Administrative Order No. 2, dated ______

department of public highways , july 1, 1974

The first International convention was held in the Philippines on ______ with the theme "Civil Engineering in Disaster Prevention Control"

may 20 to 24, 1975

On ______, the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) recognized the PICE as the only official organization of civil engineers in the Philippines with Accreditation No. 007

august 13, 1975

In ______, by a Presidential Decree, the System Internationale (SI) system of units was mandated in the Philippines

1975

______, otherwise known as the National Building Code of the Philippines was signed on ______ with its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)

pd 1096 , february 19, 1977

Under the ______, a Parliamentary Form of governance was established, and departments were renamed into ministries establishing the formal ministry system

1973 constitutions

In ______, the ______ was dissolved when the civil engineers (and other engineering profession) withdrew to form their own professional organization (The Philippine Society of Engineers), but not before it has struggled for the passage of an Engineers and Architects Law

1911 , arquitectura y agrimensura de filipinas

In ______, the Escuela was closed

1912

In ______, Metropolitan Water District was founded

1919

The Engineers and Architects Law (______) passed on ______, he law created separate board of examiners for civil engineering and architecture

act no. 2985 , february 23, 1921

Filipino engineers were not allowed to be called themselves as engineers or architects, instead they are called ______

master builders

This law was enacted empowering the Secretary of Commerce and Communication to appoint members of the boards of the architecture and engineering professions

public act no. 2985

In ______, a group of civil engineers from the government sector formed the ______, which was the first civil engineering organization in the Philippines with Engr. ______ as its first president

1928 , philippine society of civil engineers , marcial kasilag

In ______, Department of Commerce and Communications renamed as the Department of Public Works and Communications

1931

On ______, ______ was enacted - permitting under-aged persons to take the board exam on condition that they will not practice their profession until they attained the required age of 21

august 3, 1935 , act no. 4211

In ______, the ______ was formed from a group of civil engineers in the private sector with ______ as its first president

1937 , philippine association of civil engineers , enrique santo tomas cortes

In ______, statutes for practice of architecture from engineering separated by law — ______

1938 , national assembly bill no. 1850

In ______, the reorganization of the government after it was re-established on Philippine soil was undertaken with Executive Order No. 27 on February 27. The Department of National Defense and Communications was again named Department of Public Works and Communications

1945

The authority of the Department of Public Works and Communications was further expanded when, in ______, the Motor Vehicles Office was placed under its direct supervision

1947

______ was enacted on ______, which states that the bar examinations and the examinations given by the various boards of examiners of the Government are declared as equivalent to first-grade Civil Service eligibility

r.a. no. 1080 , june 15, 1954

In ______, national waterworks and sewerage system authority was created through ______

1955 , ra 1383

On _____, ______ is enacted. It changes the corporate name of Manila Railroad Company to Philippine National Railways

june 20 1964 , republic act no. 4156

The ______ is a government-owned and controlled corporation tasked with the development and operation of Irrigation Systems all over the country. It was created under ______ which was signed on ______ by then President Diosdado P. Macapagal

national irrigation administration , ra 3601 , june 22, 1963

In ______, the ______ was founded. Its first president is ______

september 30, 1961 , association of structural engineers of the philippines , ambrosio flores

The automobile age. It was during these decades that road construction becomes a matter of priority of the government under the slogan: "This nation is on Wheels"

1960s to 1980s

On ______, the Civil Engineering law was further amended by ______. On the same year, the Architecture law was further amended by Republic Act No. 1581.

june 16, 1956 , republic act no. 1582 , republic act no. 1581

On ______, Presidential Decree Number ______ or "The Prescribing Policies, Guidelines, Rules and Regulations for Government Infrastructure Contracts" was promulgated

june 11, 1978 , 1594

Presidential Decree No. ______ was promulgated on ______, allowing applicants for citizenship to take the board exam pending the approval of their petition

1350 , april 7, 1978

In ______, two types of construction under Spanish regime were practiced: ✅

1892 , ✅

In ______, the organic decree issued by Gen. Emilio Aquinaldo establishing the Philippine Revolutionary Govemment created four government departments among which was the Department of War and Public Works

1898

In ______, the Malolos Constitution was ratified during a general assembly of Congress, and the first Council of Government of the First Philippine Republic was created

1899

From ______, with Apolinario Mabini as President of the Cabinet, Gracio Gonzaga served as the Secretary of Public Welfare, which included the transportation and communications portfolio

january 21 to may 7, 1899

In ______, the coming of the Americans brought about drastic changes in our engineering culture The new colonizers pursued "henercient" policie: that focused on English education, public heath. free enterprise, and representative governance thus bringing with them were military engineers, Thomasite teachers, doctors and evangelist

1899

In ______, foundation of the Liceo de Manila, a private institution offering academic course for maestro de obras and headed by Leon Ma. Guerrero

1900

The first private school to offer an academic title for Maestro de Obras (the forerunner of formal education in architecture/engineering)

liceo de manila

The introduction of reinforced concrete in the Philippines was in the ______

1900s

EM Waves and Spectrum

John Marabiles · 73問 · 1年前

EM Waves and Spectrum