digestive
問題一覧
1
the mesentery connecting the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver and diaphragm
LESSER OMENTUM
2
the mesentery connecting the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon and posterior body wall
2. GREATER OMENTUM
3
mesentery that attaches the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
MESENTERY PROPER
4
abdominal organs that lie against the wall having no mesenteries
RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS
5
the center of the tooth; filled with blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue, called
pulp
6
a living, cellular, bonelike tissue surrounding the pulp cavity
DENTIN
7
covering the dentin of the tooth crown; protects the tooth against abrasion and acids produced by bacteria in the mouth.
ENAMEL
8
covers the surface of the dentin and helps anchor the tooth in the jaw
CEMENTUM
9
holds the teeth in place; connective tissue fibers that extend from the alveolar walls and are embedded into the cementum.
Periodontal Ligaments
10
result of the breakdown of enamel by acids produced by bacteria on the tooth surface
Dental Caries / Tooth Decay
11
-inflammation and degeneration of the periodontal ligaments
-the most common cause of tooth loss in adults
Periodontal disease
12
located in the lateral posterior walls of the oral cavity
palatine
13
posterior surface of the tongue (lingual)
nasopharynx (pharyngeal)
14
the largest of the salivary glands serous glands located just anterior to each ear.
Parotid Glands
15
an inflammation of the parotid gland caused by a viral infection
mumps
16
gives a lubricating quality to the saliva
proteoglycan
17
o the smallest of the three paired salivary glands
o produce primarily mucous secretions, that contain a large amount of mucin lie immediately below the mucous membrane
Sublingual Glands
18
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into simpler compounds protects the mouth from bacterial infection
salivary amylase
19
throat connects the mouth with the esophagus consists of nasopharynx,oropharynx and laryngopharynx
PHARYNX
20
-a muscular tube, lined with moist stratified squamous epithelium, that extends from the pharynx to the stomach.
-25 cm long
-transports food from the pharynx to the stomach
esophagus
21
-located at the upper and lower ends of the esophagus
o regulate the movement of food into and out of the esophagus.
Esophageal Sphincters
22
lower esophageal sphincter is sometimes called
cardiac sphincter
23
a bolus, or mass of food, formed in the mouth is pushed by the tongue against the hard palate, forcing it towards the posterior part of the mouth and into the oropharynx.
Voluntary phase
24
a reflex that is initiated when a bolus of food stimulates receptors in the oropharynx
Pharyngeal phase
25
responsible for moving food from the pharynx to the stomach.
Esophageal phase
26
a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract
PERISTALSIS
27
the opening from the esophagus into the stomach
GASTROESOPHAGEAL OPENING
28
the region of the stomach around the gastroesophageal opening; near the heart
cardiac region
29
opening from the stomach into the small intestine
PYLORIC OPENING
30
surrounded by a relatively thick ring of smooth muscle called the
pyloric sphincter
31
The region of the stomach near the pyloric opening
PYLORIC REGION
32
ridge or fold in the mucous membrane of the stomach;
rugae
33
produce mucus, which coats and protects the stomach lining
Surface mucous cells
34
produce hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
Parietal cells
35
produce regulatory chemicals
Endocrine cells
36
produce pepsinogen, a precursor of the protein-digesting enzyme pepsin
chief cells
37
produces a pH of about 2.0 in the stomach
Hydrochloric acid
38
kills microorganisms and activates pepsin from its inactive form, called
pepsinogen
39
starts protein digestion; breaks down proteins
o breaks covalent bonds of proteins to form smaller peptide chains.
o exhibits optimum enzymatic activity at a pH of about 2.0.
Pepsin
40
protects the stomach lining lubricates the epithelial cells of the stomach wall and protects them from the damaging effect of the acidic chyme and pepsin.
Mucus
41
binds with vitamin B12 and makes it more readily absorbed in the small intestine. Vitamin B12 is important in DNA synthesis and in red blood cell production.
Intrinsic factor
42
semiliquid substance found in the stomach and resulting from the partial digestion of food
CHYME
43
the stomach secretions are initiated by the sight, smell, taste, or thought of food.
cephalic phase
44
the period during which the greatest volume of gastric secretion occurs
partially digested proteins and distention of the stomach promote secretion.
Gastric phase
45
which also inhibits gastric secretions; its release is initiated by fatty acids and peptides in the duodenum
Cholecystokinin
46
relatively weak contractions;
Mixing Waves
47
stronger contractions; force the chyme toward and through the pyloric sphincter
Peristaltic Waves
48
major inhibitor of gastric motility
Cholecystokinin
49
the short C-shaped beginning of the small intestine, about 25 cm long, nearly completes a 180-degree arc as it curves within the abdominal cavity
Duodenum
50
the long middle section of the small intestine, about 2.5 m long
Jejunum
51
the longest; end section of the small intestine, about 3.5 m long
Ileum
52
run perpendicular to the long axis of the digestive tract
Circular folds
53
0.5–1.5 mm long, tiny fingerlike projections
villi
54
cytoplasmic extensions
microvilli
55
produce a protective mucus
goblet cells
56
may help protect the intestinal epithelium from bacteria
granular cells
57
clusters of lymphatic nodules, that are numerous in the ileum help protect the intestinal tract from harmful pathogens.
Peyer patches
58
the site where the ileum connects to the large intestine junction between the ileum and cecum
Ileocecal junction
59
occur over the length of the intestine and propel chyme through the intestine
Peristaltic contractions
60
occur over short distances and mix the intestinal contents.
Segmental contractions
61
weighs about 1.36 kg located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen,
LIVER
62
the gate through which blood vessels, ducts and nerves enter or exit the liver
porta
63
a small sac on the inferior surface of the liver that stores and concentrates bile
Gallbladder
64
plays an important role in digestion by diluting and neutralizing stomach acid and by dramatically increasing the efficiency of fat digestion and absorption.
bile
65
may form if the amount of cholesterol secreted by the liver becomes excessive and is not able to be dissolved by the bile salts.
Gallstones
66
left upper quadrant, produces HCO3-, which neutralize the acidic chyme that enters the small intestine from the stomach
Pancreas
67
continue protein digestion that started in the stomach
Pancreatic Enzymes
68
continues the polysaccharide digestion that began in the oral cavity
Pancreatic amylase
69
a lipid-digesting enzyme
lipase
70
enzymes that degrade DNA and RNA to their component nucleotides.
nucleases
71
-6cm, right lower quadrant of the abdomen
-proximal end of the large intestine
CECUM
72
straight, muscular tube that begins at the termination of the sigmoid colon and ends at the anal canal
rectum
73
2 - 3 cm of the digestive tract, begins at the inferior end of the rectum and ends at the anus
ANAL CANAL
chap 3 cell
chap 3 cell
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 50問 · 2年前chap 3 cell
chap 3 cell
50問 • 2年前TFN
TFN
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 19問 · 2年前TFN
TFN
19問 • 2年前Tfn
Tfn
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 12問 · 2年前Tfn
Tfn
12問 • 2年前Chap 7 muscle
Chap 7 muscle
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 62問 · 2年前Chap 7 muscle
Chap 7 muscle
62問 • 2年前Chap 4
Chap 4
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 67問 · 2年前Chap 4
Chap 4
67問 • 2年前chap 8
chap 8
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 43問 · 2年前chap 8
chap 8
43問 • 2年前chap 9
chap 9
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 68問 · 2年前chap 9
chap 9
68問 • 2年前chap 10
chap 10
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 36問 · 2年前chap 10
chap 10
36問 • 2年前chap 10
chap 10
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 33問 · 2年前chap 10
chap 10
33問 • 2年前chap 12 Heart
chap 12 Heart
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 61問 · 2年前chap 12 Heart
chap 12 Heart
61問 • 2年前chap 13
chap 13
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 63問 · 2年前chap 13
chap 13
63問 • 2年前chapter 13 vein
chapter 13 vein
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 54問 · 2年前chapter 13 vein
chapter 13 vein
54問 • 2年前lymphatic
lymphatic
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 63問 · 2年前lymphatic
lymphatic
63問 • 2年前respiratory
respiratory
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 69問 · 2年前respiratory
respiratory
69問 • 2年前Chap 5 micro
Chap 5 micro
MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 40問 · 1年前Chap 5 micro
Chap 5 micro
40問 • 1年前問題一覧
1
the mesentery connecting the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver and diaphragm
LESSER OMENTUM
2
the mesentery connecting the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon and posterior body wall
2. GREATER OMENTUM
3
mesentery that attaches the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
MESENTERY PROPER
4
abdominal organs that lie against the wall having no mesenteries
RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS
5
the center of the tooth; filled with blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue, called
pulp
6
a living, cellular, bonelike tissue surrounding the pulp cavity
DENTIN
7
covering the dentin of the tooth crown; protects the tooth against abrasion and acids produced by bacteria in the mouth.
ENAMEL
8
covers the surface of the dentin and helps anchor the tooth in the jaw
CEMENTUM
9
holds the teeth in place; connective tissue fibers that extend from the alveolar walls and are embedded into the cementum.
Periodontal Ligaments
10
result of the breakdown of enamel by acids produced by bacteria on the tooth surface
Dental Caries / Tooth Decay
11
-inflammation and degeneration of the periodontal ligaments
-the most common cause of tooth loss in adults
Periodontal disease
12
located in the lateral posterior walls of the oral cavity
palatine
13
posterior surface of the tongue (lingual)
nasopharynx (pharyngeal)
14
the largest of the salivary glands serous glands located just anterior to each ear.
Parotid Glands
15
an inflammation of the parotid gland caused by a viral infection
mumps
16
gives a lubricating quality to the saliva
proteoglycan
17
o the smallest of the three paired salivary glands
o produce primarily mucous secretions, that contain a large amount of mucin lie immediately below the mucous membrane
Sublingual Glands
18
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into simpler compounds protects the mouth from bacterial infection
salivary amylase
19
throat connects the mouth with the esophagus consists of nasopharynx,oropharynx and laryngopharynx
PHARYNX
20
-a muscular tube, lined with moist stratified squamous epithelium, that extends from the pharynx to the stomach.
-25 cm long
-transports food from the pharynx to the stomach
esophagus
21
-located at the upper and lower ends of the esophagus
o regulate the movement of food into and out of the esophagus.
Esophageal Sphincters
22
lower esophageal sphincter is sometimes called
cardiac sphincter
23
a bolus, or mass of food, formed in the mouth is pushed by the tongue against the hard palate, forcing it towards the posterior part of the mouth and into the oropharynx.
Voluntary phase
24
a reflex that is initiated when a bolus of food stimulates receptors in the oropharynx
Pharyngeal phase
25
responsible for moving food from the pharynx to the stomach.
Esophageal phase
26
a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract
PERISTALSIS
27
the opening from the esophagus into the stomach
GASTROESOPHAGEAL OPENING
28
the region of the stomach around the gastroesophageal opening; near the heart
cardiac region
29
opening from the stomach into the small intestine
PYLORIC OPENING
30
surrounded by a relatively thick ring of smooth muscle called the
pyloric sphincter
31
The region of the stomach near the pyloric opening
PYLORIC REGION
32
ridge or fold in the mucous membrane of the stomach;
rugae
33
produce mucus, which coats and protects the stomach lining
Surface mucous cells
34
produce hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
Parietal cells
35
produce regulatory chemicals
Endocrine cells
36
produce pepsinogen, a precursor of the protein-digesting enzyme pepsin
chief cells
37
produces a pH of about 2.0 in the stomach
Hydrochloric acid
38
kills microorganisms and activates pepsin from its inactive form, called
pepsinogen
39
starts protein digestion; breaks down proteins
o breaks covalent bonds of proteins to form smaller peptide chains.
o exhibits optimum enzymatic activity at a pH of about 2.0.
Pepsin
40
protects the stomach lining lubricates the epithelial cells of the stomach wall and protects them from the damaging effect of the acidic chyme and pepsin.
Mucus
41
binds with vitamin B12 and makes it more readily absorbed in the small intestine. Vitamin B12 is important in DNA synthesis and in red blood cell production.
Intrinsic factor
42
semiliquid substance found in the stomach and resulting from the partial digestion of food
CHYME
43
the stomach secretions are initiated by the sight, smell, taste, or thought of food.
cephalic phase
44
the period during which the greatest volume of gastric secretion occurs
partially digested proteins and distention of the stomach promote secretion.
Gastric phase
45
which also inhibits gastric secretions; its release is initiated by fatty acids and peptides in the duodenum
Cholecystokinin
46
relatively weak contractions;
Mixing Waves
47
stronger contractions; force the chyme toward and through the pyloric sphincter
Peristaltic Waves
48
major inhibitor of gastric motility
Cholecystokinin
49
the short C-shaped beginning of the small intestine, about 25 cm long, nearly completes a 180-degree arc as it curves within the abdominal cavity
Duodenum
50
the long middle section of the small intestine, about 2.5 m long
Jejunum
51
the longest; end section of the small intestine, about 3.5 m long
Ileum
52
run perpendicular to the long axis of the digestive tract
Circular folds
53
0.5–1.5 mm long, tiny fingerlike projections
villi
54
cytoplasmic extensions
microvilli
55
produce a protective mucus
goblet cells
56
may help protect the intestinal epithelium from bacteria
granular cells
57
clusters of lymphatic nodules, that are numerous in the ileum help protect the intestinal tract from harmful pathogens.
Peyer patches
58
the site where the ileum connects to the large intestine junction between the ileum and cecum
Ileocecal junction
59
occur over the length of the intestine and propel chyme through the intestine
Peristaltic contractions
60
occur over short distances and mix the intestinal contents.
Segmental contractions
61
weighs about 1.36 kg located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen,
LIVER
62
the gate through which blood vessels, ducts and nerves enter or exit the liver
porta
63
a small sac on the inferior surface of the liver that stores and concentrates bile
Gallbladder
64
plays an important role in digestion by diluting and neutralizing stomach acid and by dramatically increasing the efficiency of fat digestion and absorption.
bile
65
may form if the amount of cholesterol secreted by the liver becomes excessive and is not able to be dissolved by the bile salts.
Gallstones
66
left upper quadrant, produces HCO3-, which neutralize the acidic chyme that enters the small intestine from the stomach
Pancreas
67
continue protein digestion that started in the stomach
Pancreatic Enzymes
68
continues the polysaccharide digestion that began in the oral cavity
Pancreatic amylase
69
a lipid-digesting enzyme
lipase
70
enzymes that degrade DNA and RNA to their component nucleotides.
nucleases
71
-6cm, right lower quadrant of the abdomen
-proximal end of the large intestine
CECUM
72
straight, muscular tube that begins at the termination of the sigmoid colon and ends at the anal canal
rectum
73
2 - 3 cm of the digestive tract, begins at the inferior end of the rectum and ends at the anus
ANAL CANAL