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chap 10

chap 10
33問 • 2年前
  • MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    released by cells and have a local effect on same cell types. ex: Eicosanoids

    Autocrine

  • 2

    released by cells that affect other cell types in proximity. ex: Somatostatin

    Paracrine

  • 3

    secreted by nerve cells.

    Neurotransmitter and neuromodulators

  • 4

    Polar molecules • includes proteins, peptides, amino acids most common: growth hormone, antidiuretic, prolactin

    Water-soluble Hormones

  • 5

    non-polar • includes steroids and eicosanoids

    Lipid-soluble Hormones

  • 6

    blood-borne chemicals can directly stimulate the release of some hormones

    Control of Hormone Release

  • 7

    circulate in the blood. humoral refers to body fluids (includes blood)

    Humoral Stimuli

  • 8

    release of water conservation hormone

    antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

  • 9

    -hormone releas controlled by other hormones -occurs when a hormone is secreted that, in turn, stimulates the secretion of other hormones

    Hormonal Regulation

  • 10

    -generally involves companion hormones the actions of companion hormones • usually each of the companion hormones performs an opposite function

    Humoral Inhibition

  • 11

    inhibit targets just as often as they stimulate targets

    neurons

  • 12

    can stimulate only the cells that have the receptor for that hormone

    Hormone Receptors

  • 13

    can bind to a "family" of receptors that are structurally similar

    epinephrine

  • 14

    bind to their own classes of receptors

    Lipid-soluble and Water-soluble Hormones

  • 15

    bind to nuclear receptors due to their lipid solubility and small molecular size allowing to easily pass through the cell membrane

    Lipid-soluble

  • 16

    bind to membrane-bound receptors. Water-soluble hormones are polar molecules and cannot pass through the cell membrane • interactions are with membrane-bound receptors, that are proteins that extend across the cell membrane, with their hormone-binding sites exposed on the cell membrane's outer surface • when the hormone binds to the receptor, it turns on intracellular enzymes that ultimately cause the response dictated by the hormone-receptor interaction

    Water-soluble

  • 17

    stimulate protein synthesis • diffuse across the cell membrane and bind to their receptors. with the complex now binding to hormone-response elements on DNA

    Lipid-soluble Hormones

  • 18

    act in two ways, either altering the activity of G proteins on the inner surface of the cell membrane or directly altering the activity of intracellular enzymes

    Membrane Receptor Actions

  • 19

    • elicits specific responses in cells, including the production of molecules called, second messengers

    Activation of G proteins or intracellular enzymes

  • 20

    -produced inside a cell once a ligand binds to its membrane-bound receptor -Activates specificcellular processes inside the cell in response to the hormone

    Second Messenger Molecule

  • 21

    many membrane-bound receptors produce responses through the action of G proteins, which consist of 3 subunits

    G-Protein Activation

  • 22

    named because one of the subunits binds to guanine nucleotides

    G-Proteins

  • 23

    after several sequential actions, interact with adenylate cyclase

    adenylate cyclase

  • 24

    an enzyme that converts ATP to cAMP (cyclicadenosine monophosphate)

    cyclic adenosine monophosphate

  • 25

    enzymes that, in turn regulate the activity of other enzymes -can increase or decrease its activity depending on other enzymes

    Protein Kinases

  • 26

    an intracellular enzyme -breaks down cAMP and thus results in no further cell stimulation

    Phosphodiesterase

  • 27

    thick mucous gland

    hypophysis

  • 28

    small gland in brain controlled by hypothalamus divided into 2 regions: anterior and posterior secretes at least 6 hormones

    pituitary gland

  • 29

    synthesizes hormones, that is under the control of the hypothalamus.

    Anterior Pituitary Gland

  • 30

    extension of the brain and is composed of nerve cells

    Posterior Pituitary gland

  • 31

    pituitary gland lies to posterior to the optic chiasm and is connected to the hypothalamus

    infundibulum

  • 32

    secrete releasing hormones that stimulate the production and secretion of a specific hormones.

    Neurons of the Hypothalamus

  • 33

    decrease the secretion of a specific anterior pituitary hormone.

    Inhibiting Hormones

    • chap 3 cell

    chap 3 cell

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 50問 · 2年前

    chap 3 cell

    chap 3 cell

    50問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    TFN

    TFN

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 19問 · 2年前

    TFN

    TFN

    19問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    Tfn

    Tfn

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 12問 · 2年前

    Tfn

    Tfn

    12問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    Chap 7 muscle

    Chap 7 muscle

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 62問 · 2年前

    Chap 7 muscle

    Chap 7 muscle

    62問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    Chap 4

    Chap 4

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 67問 · 2年前

    Chap 4

    Chap 4

    67問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    chap 8

    chap 8

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 43問 · 2年前

    chap 8

    chap 8

    43問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    chap 9

    chap 9

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 68問 · 2年前

    chap 9

    chap 9

    68問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    chap 10

    chap 10

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 36問 · 2年前

    chap 10

    chap 10

    36問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    chap 12 Heart

    chap 12 Heart

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 61問 · 2年前

    chap 12 Heart

    chap 12 Heart

    61問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    chap 13

    chap 13

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 63問 · 2年前

    chap 13

    chap 13

    63問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    chapter 13 vein

    chapter 13 vein

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 54問 · 2年前

    chapter 13 vein

    chapter 13 vein

    54問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    lymphatic

    lymphatic

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 63問 · 2年前

    lymphatic

    lymphatic

    63問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    digestive

    digestive

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 73問 · 2年前

    digestive

    digestive

    73問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    respiratory

    respiratory

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 69問 · 2年前

    respiratory

    respiratory

    69問 • 2年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    Chap 5 micro

    Chap 5 micro

    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S. · 40問 · 1年前

    Chap 5 micro

    Chap 5 micro

    40問 • 1年前
    MORALES, Chelsea Denise S.

    問題一覧

  • 1

    released by cells and have a local effect on same cell types. ex: Eicosanoids

    Autocrine

  • 2

    released by cells that affect other cell types in proximity. ex: Somatostatin

    Paracrine

  • 3

    secreted by nerve cells.

    Neurotransmitter and neuromodulators

  • 4

    Polar molecules • includes proteins, peptides, amino acids most common: growth hormone, antidiuretic, prolactin

    Water-soluble Hormones

  • 5

    non-polar • includes steroids and eicosanoids

    Lipid-soluble Hormones

  • 6

    blood-borne chemicals can directly stimulate the release of some hormones

    Control of Hormone Release

  • 7

    circulate in the blood. humoral refers to body fluids (includes blood)

    Humoral Stimuli

  • 8

    release of water conservation hormone

    antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

  • 9

    -hormone releas controlled by other hormones -occurs when a hormone is secreted that, in turn, stimulates the secretion of other hormones

    Hormonal Regulation

  • 10

    -generally involves companion hormones the actions of companion hormones • usually each of the companion hormones performs an opposite function

    Humoral Inhibition

  • 11

    inhibit targets just as often as they stimulate targets

    neurons

  • 12

    can stimulate only the cells that have the receptor for that hormone

    Hormone Receptors

  • 13

    can bind to a "family" of receptors that are structurally similar

    epinephrine

  • 14

    bind to their own classes of receptors

    Lipid-soluble and Water-soluble Hormones

  • 15

    bind to nuclear receptors due to their lipid solubility and small molecular size allowing to easily pass through the cell membrane

    Lipid-soluble

  • 16

    bind to membrane-bound receptors. Water-soluble hormones are polar molecules and cannot pass through the cell membrane • interactions are with membrane-bound receptors, that are proteins that extend across the cell membrane, with their hormone-binding sites exposed on the cell membrane's outer surface • when the hormone binds to the receptor, it turns on intracellular enzymes that ultimately cause the response dictated by the hormone-receptor interaction

    Water-soluble

  • 17

    stimulate protein synthesis • diffuse across the cell membrane and bind to their receptors. with the complex now binding to hormone-response elements on DNA

    Lipid-soluble Hormones

  • 18

    act in two ways, either altering the activity of G proteins on the inner surface of the cell membrane or directly altering the activity of intracellular enzymes

    Membrane Receptor Actions

  • 19

    • elicits specific responses in cells, including the production of molecules called, second messengers

    Activation of G proteins or intracellular enzymes

  • 20

    -produced inside a cell once a ligand binds to its membrane-bound receptor -Activates specificcellular processes inside the cell in response to the hormone

    Second Messenger Molecule

  • 21

    many membrane-bound receptors produce responses through the action of G proteins, which consist of 3 subunits

    G-Protein Activation

  • 22

    named because one of the subunits binds to guanine nucleotides

    G-Proteins

  • 23

    after several sequential actions, interact with adenylate cyclase

    adenylate cyclase

  • 24

    an enzyme that converts ATP to cAMP (cyclicadenosine monophosphate)

    cyclic adenosine monophosphate

  • 25

    enzymes that, in turn regulate the activity of other enzymes -can increase or decrease its activity depending on other enzymes

    Protein Kinases

  • 26

    an intracellular enzyme -breaks down cAMP and thus results in no further cell stimulation

    Phosphodiesterase

  • 27

    thick mucous gland

    hypophysis

  • 28

    small gland in brain controlled by hypothalamus divided into 2 regions: anterior and posterior secretes at least 6 hormones

    pituitary gland

  • 29

    synthesizes hormones, that is under the control of the hypothalamus.

    Anterior Pituitary Gland

  • 30

    extension of the brain and is composed of nerve cells

    Posterior Pituitary gland

  • 31

    pituitary gland lies to posterior to the optic chiasm and is connected to the hypothalamus

    infundibulum

  • 32

    secrete releasing hormones that stimulate the production and secretion of a specific hormones.

    Neurons of the Hypothalamus

  • 33

    decrease the secretion of a specific anterior pituitary hormone.

    Inhibiting Hormones