transport blood from the right ventricle of the heart through the lungs and back to the left atrium

transport blood through all parts of the body, from the left ventricle of the heart and back to the right atrium

carry blood away from heart; usually the blood is oxygen- rich

-where exchange occurs between the blood and the tissue fluid -As blood flows through capillaries, blood gives up O2 and nutrients to the tissue spaces and takes up CO2 and other by products of metabolism. -have thinner walls than do arteries.

carry blood toward the heart, usually the blood is oxygen-poor.

innermost layer consists of an endothelium composed of simple squamous epithelial cells, a basement membrane, and a small amount of connective tissue

middle layer consists of smooth muscle cells with variable amounts of elastic and collagen fibers

outermost layer composed of dense connective tissue adjacent to the tunica media.

largest in diameter & have the thickest walls -prevents blood pressure from falling rapidly

include medium-sized & small arteries -regulate blood flow to different body regions

contraction of the smooth muscle in blood vessels that decreases blood vessel diameter and blood flow.

relaxation of the smooth muscle in blood vessels that increases blood vessel diameter and blood flow.

transport blood from small arteries to capillaries the smallest arteries in which all three tunics are present; the tunica media consists of only one or two layers of circular smooth muscle cells.

Blood flows from arterioles into capillaries -Capillaries branch to form networks Blood flow through capillaries is regulated by smooth muscle cells called precapillary sphincters -Capillary networks are more numerous and more extensive in the lungs and in highly metabolic tissues, such as the liver, kidneys, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle, than in other tissue types.

-have a diameter slightly larger than that of capillaries -composed of endothelium surrounded by a basement membrane. -only the tunica intima resting on a delicate layer of dense connective tissue is present

-slightly larger in diameter than venules -covered with a layer of smooth muscle and layer of connective tissue. -all 3 tunics are present

-collect blood from small veins and deliver it to large veins -all 3 tunics are present

-all three tunics are present. -tunica media is thin but can regulate vessel diameter because blood pressure in the venous system is low. -tunica adventitia is the predominant layer

the system of blood vessels that carries blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs and back to the left atrium of the heart.

carries oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

the part of the aorta that passes superiorly from the left ventricle

-where three major arteries, which carry blood to the head and upper limbs originate from -brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery

the longest part of the aorta extends through the thorax and abdomen to the upper margin of the pelvis

The part of the descending aorta that extends through the thorax to the diaphragm

The part of the descending aorta that extends from thediaphragm to the point at which it divides into the two common iliac arteries

medial branch of the brachiocephalic artery; transports blood to the right side of the head and neck

lateral branch of the brachioephalic artery; transports blood to the right upper limb

divide to form the external carotids and the internal carotid

have several branches that supply the structures of the neck, face, nose, and mouth

pass through the carotid canals and contribute to the cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) at the base of the brain; supply the brain

the circular system of arteries around the brain’s base

contains structures important in monitoring blood pressure (baroreceptors)

the branches of the subclavian arteries its branches supply blood to the spinal cord, as well as to the vertebrae, muscles, and ligaments in the neck

the artery formed by the fusion of vertebral arteries located along the anterior, inferior surface of the brainstem gives off branches that supply blood to the pons, cerebellum, and midbrain forms right and left branches that contribute to the cerebral arterial circle.

continuation of the subclavian artery inferior to the clavicle supply blood deep to the clavicle

 continuation of the axillary artery in the upper arm  where blood pressure measurements are normally taken

The medial branch of the brachial artery

The lateral branch of the brachial artery  The one most commonly used for taking a pulse.  The pulse can be detected easily on the thumb (radial) side of the anterior surface of the wrist.

supply the thoracic organs such as the esophagus, the trachea, the parietal pericardium, and part of the lung

supply the thoracic wall

major parietal arteries arise from the thoracic aorta and extend between the ribs; supply the intercostal muscles, the vertebrae, the spinal cord, and the deep muscles of the back.

 supply the diaphragm Internal thoracic arteries  branches of the subclavian arteries descend along the internal surface of the anterior thoracic wall and give rise to branches called the anterior intercostal arteries.

 extend between the ribs to supply the anterior chest wall  Abdominal Aorta & Its Branches

supplies blood to the stomach, pancreas, spleen, upper duodenum, & liver

supplies blood to the small intestine and the upper portion of the large intestine

supplies blood to the remainder of the large intestine

supply blood to the kidneys

supply blood to the adrenal glands

supply blood to the testes

supply blood to the ovaries

supply the diaphragm and abdominal wall

supply the diaphragm

supply the lumbar vertebrae and back muscles

supplies the inferior vertebrae.

The abdominal aorta divides at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra into two common iliac arteries.

the lateral branch of the common iliac; supplies blood to lower limbs

the medial branch of the common iliac; supplies the pelvic area

supplies blood to the thigh

supplies blood to the posterior region of the knee

supply blood to the leg and foot

Supplies blood to the ankle

supplies blood to the lateral leg and foot