Part 3a

prevents earth from cooling too much - below -19 deg C plays an imp role in cooling and warming of Earth maintains equilibrium temp of Earth

environmental events - ex. Volcanic Activity

Short Wavelength , Visible Energy

Infrared Radiation - longer than the incoming solar energy

Infrared Radiation and is re-emitted everywhere

they trap dust and soot roots filter contaminants in soils - so clean water prevent erosion by trapping soil

Water

quantity in air rises bcoz of global warming, more evaporation, more rains , floods

CO2

Co2

Methane

UV rays,absorbed by bacteria

highest warming potential

Aerosol (not gas) through incomplete combustion

Refrigerants Aerosols Propellants Solvents Fire Retardents (developed as replacement of CFCs)

aluminium semi conductor

semiconductor magnesium processing circuit breaker tracer gas for leak detection by product of Hcfc22 production

deposit on ice and snow reduces albedo heats atmosphere by absorbing sunlight disruption of clouds and monsoon rains

some days to weeks

Biomass or wood burning

what happens when amount of energy entering Earth is different from amount of energy leaving the earth

Positive - energy entering is more (warmer planet) Negative - energy entering is less (cooler atmosphere)

Aerosols - High Sulphur Coal soot volcanic duat burning forsts Sulphate Particles Volcanic Eruptions (they lower the temp)

Greenhouse Gases, Methane Emission

Water, ice, soot, ash, mineral dust

deflection of Sun's energy and impact formation and lifetimes of clouds

LCW- Concentration Lifetime Warming Potential

CFCs HFCs HCFCs PFCs SF6

Hard, less soluble form of Calcium Carbonate (found in Shells of algae, SOME corals, mollusces (oyesters), echinoderms, ameoba

MORE SOLUBLE form of Calcium Carbonate (Found in MOST corals, MOST Mollusces, SOME algae)

around 8(so basic)

Saturation Horizon to rise (more and more clacifying organisms will be exposed to dissolving waters)

Under Saturated with Carbonate Ions (readily Dissolve carbon)

Over Saturated with Carbonate Ions (don't Dissolve carbon)

more depth(lower) as compared to Arognite

Internal Stabilizing Mechanism of ocean to link ocean carbon cycle to Carbonate Rich Sediment

Lysocline (after which CACO3 dissolves rapidly)

depth at which all carbonates dissolved

decrease or rise closer to surface

Rainy areas(only found in trees - arboreal)

Bad(it forms smog and dirties air)

Good (absorbs and brekas down UV Rays)

Wetlands(anaerobic bacteria - biomethanation)

uptake of CO2 increases(+) concentration of Hydrogen ions increases(+) concentration of Carbonates ions decreases(-) PH level of water decreees (-)

Hoolock Gibbon(rest are macaques, langurs)

Palm

lower layers from being broken by the action of UV radiation

Mutation skin cancer attacks immune system

The equilibrium btw formation and destruction of ozone

refrigerants propellants aerosol sprays foaming agents plastic manufacturing fire extinguisher solvents for cleaning electronic and metallic components freezing food

HFCs (R 134a, R 152a)

Thermonuclear weapons, industrial emissions, agri fertilizers

denitrification of nitrates under anaerobic bacteria nitrification of ammonia under aerobic conditions

NO (nitric oxide)

fire extinguishers methyl bromide (pesticide)

100 times more ozone than Chlorine Atom

cleaning solvent for clothes, metals propellant - dry cleaning sprays, correction pen aerosols

WMO GCOS WWW IGOSS ( global icean services)

2nd Type containing HNO3 as substrate (catalyst)

Activate inactive Chlorine absorb reactive Nitrogen

CL202 (which can be easily dissociated by sunlight

Formation of PSCs Stabilization of Polar Vortex longevity of Polar Vortex (remains throughout the polar winter)

UV-B rays more into the Earth

crops in TEMPERATE LATITUDES

Acropetal( upwards from the base or point of attachment.)Succession

Thermal Expansion Melting of glaciers

Fumitories

Masticatories

CCS Carbon Capture and Storage

Natural sinks - Oceans, Forests, ,oil Artificial Sinks -Depleted Oil Reserves, Unmineable mines

trapping and seperation of CO2 from other gases transporting this captured C02 to a storage location storing the CO2 far away from the Atmosphere

can store far more carbon than land ecosystem

A tradeable Certificate or Permit Representing RIGHT TO EMIT 1 tonne of Carbon or carbon dioxide equivalent

1 tonne Carbon dioxide/equivalent (in some Markets)

Reductions in Greenhouse Emissions made at another location such as wild farms creating renewable energy

Carbon Offsetting

tax on the amount of carbon contained in a fuel such as coal etc. (more beneficial than CAP & TRADE Method)

aims at modifying and cooling Earths environment to mitigate climate change (inducing or copying volcanic Eruptions)

dry ice plastic,concrete industries fertilizers industry

Minimize the Adverse impacts of Climate Change Reduce the Emissions

promoting UNDERSTANDING of Climate Change Adaptation Mitigation Energy Efficiency Resource Conservation

500 GW by 2030 (Panchamrit Goals) achieve 100 GW by 2022(70 GW achieved)

3 phase approach : 2012-13 2013-17 2017-2022

Solar Farms - 60 GW Solar Rooftop Panels - 40 GW (Total 100 GW)

measure of Solar energy put into by owner and used by owner from Grid

Pat - energy efficiency industries Mtee -energy efficiency appliances Feed - Fiscal instruments to promote energy efficiency Eefp - Market Financial Instruments to promote energy efficiency

Achieving Energy efficiency through innovative Policies and effective market instruments (Ex- Tubular Fluroscent Lamos Electric Ceiling Fans )

Ministry of Power

to increase conservation of Energy mandatory for certain appliances to have it - Lamps, Geysers, Fridgge, tV, (Ceiling Fans - Voluntary Rating)

Rahan sahan Efficient Energy in Buildings Building Code Better Urban Planning - resilient infrastructure Transporting Solid and liquid waste Climate Change Habits - community based distater management

AMRUT - Atal Mission on Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation Swachch Bharat Mission Smart Cities Mission Uran Transport Prograame Green Building Code

Water Efficiency - conserve, reduce wastage by 20% Water Pricing - make it affordable and equitable distribution Water Positive Technology - which recharges ground water, adoption of large scale irrigation program

coastal cities water requirements through DESALINATION TECH Recycling water and meeting needs increasing water efficiency by 20% National Water Mission-Catch the Rain (when it falls, where it falls)

only on living beings