2nd Book 1

Lithosphere

Area btw Continental Margins & Mid-Oceanic Regions - place where Continental sediments are deposited

deep seated (more stable and less volcanic Eruptions)

shallow seated (mid oceanic regions)

Radioactive Decay Residual Heat

b4 Himalayas(40 million yrs)

Tethys Sea

Oxyzen (not Sial/sima)

98%

Titanium , nickel Manganese, Phosphorus Sulphur etc

Piezoelectric materials or piezoelectrics are the materials that can produce electric energy upon application of mechanical stress . A commonly known piezoelectric material is quartz

FAO PMQ(Particulate Matter quotient)

Feldspar(ceramics, glass making)

Granite,Sand,Silica(insoluble in water)

Radio,Radar,Granite

Pyroxene, Amphibole, Mica

Meteorite

Asbestos(ex- Hornblende)

Volcanic, Metamorphic rocks(Electrifying - electric instruments)

Jewellery (Olive)FeMgSi

Copper Lead Zinc Tin Aluminium

Quartz, Feldspar

Calcium Sulphate becomes Gypsum

Green/Blue-Green

Brown/Yellow

Unloading amd Expansion

dry

Height of 32 km

120 km Altitude

only till 90 km

N2 -78% 02 - 21% (rest all have composition less than 20%)

0.036%

more than H2 in Atmosphere

less than 1% of the air

8 km - poles (shorter) 18 km - equator (long)

80%

1 deg C every 165 m of height

Troposphere

Pressure decreases no clouds ozone protection

coldest place on Earth(-100°C),Burns up meteors when they enter the atmosphere

Ionosphere (ionisation of ions due to electrically charged particles) Radio waves transmitted and received International Space Station received

Auroras observed in lower part very low He and H2 found here temp increases

less than the areas covered by SLANT Rays

SUBTROPICAL LATITUDES(CLoudiness is least) - High pressure zone

Lower levels of Atmosphere

Troposphere

Advection

advection,eg . loo

fraction of light reflected by a body

Heat Budget

btw 40 deg N and South

near poles

Hotter the body, shorter teh wavelength it will emit (so, sun emits short Wavelength)

Wind speed

does not decrease with the same height

Due to balance by gravity from beneath

Angle of Latitude(Max. at poles Min. at equator)

actual amount of water vapour present in air (Weight of water per unit Volume of Air)

% of moisture present verses its actual holding capacity

Oceans than Air(presence of moisture)

Saturation of air is max. (not it will start emitting water)

CO, O3, SO2, Carcinogens

large amt of sulphur

more moisture than fog

slopes (where rising warm air meets cold air)

warm currents meet cold currents

Refraction by Ice Crystals in Cirrus Clouds

continuous rain clouds

thunderstorm clouds

composed of crystals, scatter due to Refraction

Blue Planet

O (oceans) IG(ice caps,glaciers) G (Groundwater) L ( lakes) S (soil) A(atmosphere) R(rivers/streams) Bio(biosphere)

3-6 km below sea level

less than 1 deg or even less

Siberia, Russia

part of Continental Plate

Part of Oceanic Plate

Flattest and smoothest regions in the world

Canyons and trenches

found in subduction zone,deep seated seismic zone and volcanic foci

seawater submarine canyons

Mountains in Sea but do not reach out of water (hidden)

Volcanic -Emperor Seamount - Hawaiin Valley, Pacific Ocean

valleys often extending fromt the mouth of large rivers

Flat topped seamount

8 planets, 63 moons

more is the velocity of body waves (P is faster)