RWS Midterm 2

通報

問題一覧

What do we call the first sentence in a body paragraph?

topic sentence

What is a topic sentence?

introduces the main idea of the paragraph

Which is an example of a transition word?

All of the above

The amount of traffic in EDSA is growing all the time. The roads are getting busier and busier, causing more and more traffic jams. A few years ago, I could drive across town in 15 minutes and now it can take me 45 minutes! We need to encourage more people to take the bus. What is the topic of this paragraph?

Growing amount of traffic in EDSA

Which written text involves sensory images to figure out something?

Problem-Solution

When giving the full meaning of a certain topic, which pattern is applicable?

Definition

What pattern shows similarities and differences of two subjects in a paragraph?

Comparison and Contrast

Narration uses ____________ order of development.

chronological

lt provides a mental picture of a person, place, object, or concept.

description

The best way to identify the pattern of organization of a passage is to ________.

look for transitional words and phrases

Defined according to two types (Lap and Flood, 1978)

decoding and comprehension

I seated myself in the barber chair, which was only a rickety, straught-backed affair made of bamboo placed on a wooden box in the centre of the room. Directly in front of this throne hung a dingy, blurred murrot, suspended by ropes from the root. To my right stood a square table, upon which rested the barber's only tools-a pair of clippers, a dirty-looking comb, and a razor. As I cast my eyes downward, I was somewhat surprised to hod that the floor was still in its natural state dirt. It also showed evidence that hair had been cut here before. noticed now for the first time an opening at the rear, over which a piece of gray materiaas draped Evidently, this archway led into the living quarters of the barber

description

Can a hero and a villain ever be alike? Strangely, it would seem like the answer to that question would be no. However, when it comes to Draco Malfoy and Harry Potter, the two are more alike than you realize. Comparing and contrasting these two unique characters based on their destinies, families, and triends can show you how Harry and Draco have more in common than one might think. You can't control your fate. The truth of these words for Harry Potter and Draco Malfoy drive the paths of their lives. However, how each different boy's fate unfolds is what makes one considered the hero and the other a villain. Harry Potter is destined to be the "Chosen One". He did not choose this destiny, but it was thrown on him as a child because of how events unfolded for his family. On the other hand, Draco Malfoy has family expectations of siding with and supporting the death eaters because of his father's affiliation. Failure to follow Voldemort could lead to not only his death but that of his family.

compare and contrast

The great Mahatma Gandhi once stated that a man becomes what he believes himself to be. By continually declaring that a partioular task is hard to undertake, the possibility of that becoming a reality is very high. Contrarily, if the same individual believes that the task is easy and within their scope, then they will acquire the capability of undertaking it even though they may be pessimistic about it in the beginning. What Mahatma Gandhi was emphasizing is that thinking more positively or being optimistic leads to a healthier and happy life. Optimism is derived from the Latin word Optimus' meaning best. Optimists are individuals that tend to see the best in every situation and visualize things to turn out better in the future. I have an optimistic nature. This virtue has greatly helped in bringing out the best in people. I shall exemplify satiations in which my optimism has been of great help to me.

Exemplification

According to Polite and Hunger (1997), paradigms constitute a worldview or a general perspective on the complexities of the real world. More specifically, paradigms for human inquiry are often characterized in terms of how they respond to basic philosophical questions (p. 11). In this sense of the term, paradigms are more than typical examples or models. They demonstrate relationships between ideas and provide a basis for a methodology or a theory, and as such, they are useful as lenses for viewing and interpreting significant, substantive issues to the discipline. Paradigms that are often used for nursing research, such as empiricist, interpretive, and critical social paradigms, provide frames that hold the vocabulary, theories, principles, presuppositions,and values related to an inquiry.

Definition

Illiteracy is the greatest curse of our social life. In India about 60 percent of the people are illiterate. They spend their lives in darkness-the darkness of ignorance. No program of social and economic upliftment can be successful without a higher rate of literacy. So every responsible citizen must come forward to take part in the drive against illiteracy. Voluntary organizations may play a major role in this field. The government should actively organize literacy camps' in the rural and backward areas. The students and the educated persons have great responsibilities to carry the torch of education to every corner of the country. We all also must be determined to root out illiteracy from our society.

Problem solution

"Phenomenon" comes directly from the Greek __________, meaning "appearance"

Phainomenon

Philos is a greek word meaning __________.

Love

It is the world we see, experience, the world of objects; a world of change, it is made up of matter and is bound to decomposition.

World of sense

It is based from observations in order to make generalizations.

logical reasoning

Type of world is a world that is eternal, perfect and unchanging.

World of form

They believe in karma and reincarnation.

hinduism

Draws conclusion from usually one broad judgment or definition and one more specific assertion, often an inference.

deductive reasoning

____ is a greek word meaning “wisdom”

Sophia

The life experience and teaching of Prince Siddhartha Gautama

buddhism

it is a defect in an argument other than its having false premises.

fallacy

It is impossible for a thing to be and not to be at the same time, and at the same respect.

Principle of Non-Contradiction

The belief that was founded by Jesus, developed in Israel, and spread through the teachings of Jesuss followers.

christianity

Nothing exists without a sufficient reason for its being and existence.

Principle of sufficient reason

Whatever is is; and whatever is not is not; everything is what it is. Everything is its own being, and not being is not being.

Principle of identity

what is the sacred text of Hindus?

Vedas

A specific kind of appeal to emotion in which someone tries to win support for an argument or idea by exploiting his or her opponent's feelings of pity or guilt.

appeal to pity

This is a logical chain of reasoning of a term or a word several times, but giving the particular word a different meaning each time.

Equivocation

This fallacy attempts to link the validity of a premise to a characteristic or belief of the person advocating the premise.

Against the person

One commits errors if one reaches an inductive generalization based on ipsufficient evidence.

Hasty generalization

Whatever has not been proved false most be true, and vice versa.

Appeal to ignorance

One reasons logically that something true of a thing must also be true of allor some of its parts.

Devision

A specific kind of appeal to emotion in which someone tries to win support for an argument or idea by exploiting his or her opponent's feelings of pity or guilt.

appeal to the people

This infers that something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of Some part of the whole. The reverse of this fallacy is division

Composition

An argument where force, coercion, or the threat of force, is given as a justification for a conclusion.

appeal to force

Since that event followed this one, that event must have been caused by this one. This fallacy is also referred to as coincidental correlation, or correlation not causation

False cause

is sharing the subjective states by two or more individuals.

Intersubjectivity

an Austrian~-born Israeli Jewish philosopher best known for his philosophy of dialogue

Martin Buber

It is a deep and genuine relationship between persons. It happens when two persons truly acknowledge each other's presence and treat each other as equals.

Dialogue

It refers to the world of experience and sensation where there are objects. The beings do not actually meet. Instead, the “I” confronts and qualifies an idea, or conceptualization, of the being in its presence and treats that being as an object.

Ich-Es (I-It) relationship

An individual treats other things, people, etc., as objects to be used and experienced. Essentially, this form of objectivity relates to the world in terms of the self - how an object can serve the individual's interest. It is in fact a relationship with oneself; it is not a dialogue, but a monologue.

Ich-Es (I-It) relationship

It refers to the world of encounters and relationships where there are persons. It is a concrete encounter without any qualification or objectification of one another. It is a dialogue.

Ich-Du (I-Thou) relationship

OBSTACLES TO DIALOGUE

Seeming, speechifying and Imposition

CONTRASTED WITH

Being, personal making present and unfolding

It is a way of approaching the other governed by the image one desires to impress on the other. It involves deliberately playing up or hiding aspects of yourself to appear more desirable or impressive.

Seeming

It proceeds not from an image, but from what one really is. It is an acceptance of the other in the way that it is also an acceptance of the self as it is.

Being

It refers to one's talking past another. It is hearing without listening to what one says.

Speechifying

It is the process of fully opening oneself to the other.

Personal making present

It constitutes holding one's own opinion, values, attitudes and oneself without regard for those of another. It is telling the other how he or she should act, behave and respond to things.

Imposition

It constitutes finding in the other the disposition toward what one recognizes as true, good and beautiful. It involves seeing the other as a unique, singular individual capable of freely actualizing himself/herself.

Unfolding

We give more importance to being loved that to loving, People think that to love is easy and what is difficult is to find the right person to love or be loved by. We confuse the initial falling-in-love with the permanent state of being-in-love.

The art of loving

One of the most basic experiences of the human being because of self-awareness.

Loneliness

Use of drugs, rituals, sex, and alcohol to find one's self

Escapism

Joining group, organization, club or fraternity

Conformity with groups

Planning, producing and seeing the result of a hobby, pastime or passion

Creative and productive work or activity

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