Earth Sci Lesson 6-8

96問 • 3年前

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Please answer the space provided. (all small letters) _____ is made up of particular group of atoms.

minerals

Please answer the space provided. (all small letters) The atoms are arranged in a network called a _______

crystal lattice

Please answer the space provided. (all small letters) There are two types of geologic resources that humans use, ________ and ________.

mineral resources and energy resources

________ include all useful rocks and minerals.

mineral resources

Minerals resources include all useful rocks and minerals. These resources may either classified as ______ or ______.

metallic or non-metallic

A _____________ is any useful rock or mineral that does not have metallic properties.

non-metallic resources

________ are those that possess metallic properties such as luster, ductility, malleability, ability conduct electricity and heat.

metallic resources

An __________ are those that use as source of heat, light, work and data transmission.

energy resources

In general, minerals are categorized into three classes: _____, _____ and _____.

fossil fuel, metallic and non-metallic

Fuel minerals include _____, _____ or crude oil and _____ which are also referred to as fossil fuel.

coal, petroleum and natural gas

____ is a hard, black colored rock-like substance which made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and varying amount of sulfur.

coal

Fuel minerals include coal, petroleum or crude oil and natural gas which are also referred to as ______.

fossil fuel

There are three main types of coal: ______, ______ and ______.

anthracite, bituminous and lignite

_____ coal gives a higher energy.

anthracite

_____ has the lowest energy.

lignite

____ is the abundant, affordable. Easy to transport, store and use for power generation.

coal

_____ or _____ is a flammable liquid that consists of hydrocarbons.

crude oil or petroleum

____ is extracted from the Earth by various method such as surface mining or deep mining.

coal

___ is usually recovered by drilling wells through non-porous rock barrier that traps oils.

oil

____ is sedimentary rock composed of predominantly of solid organic materials with a greater or lesser proportion of mineral matter.

coal

______ is formed, in general, through the compression and heating of organic materials over geologic time.

petroleum

____ is the largest reserve and the cheapest of the fuel options.

coal

_______ is the gas component of coal and oil formation.

natural gas

It can traced to be burial of marine organism, primarily zooplankton and algae.

petroleum

It consists mostly of methane which is highly flammable. _______ has no odor and is lighter than air. _______ also can be liquified through complex process. _______ is an energy resource that comes from rock or an oil reservoir.

natural gas

What is (MGB)?

mines and geosciences bureau

_____ is an extraction of ore or minerals from the ground.

mining

_____________ is responsible for the administration and disposition of mineral lands and mineral resources and the conduct of geological, mining, metallurgical, chemical and other researches, as well as geological and mineral exploration surveys.

mines and geosciences bureau

_________ involves the discovery of ore body. It includes surveys, field study, drilling test and other exploratory excavation.

exploration

_____ are usually covered by a layer of soil or rock called overburden or waster rock that must be removed

metallic ores

____ is the ratio of the quantity of overburden to the quantity of mineral ore.

strip ratio

Metallic ores are usually covered by a layer of soil or rock called _______ or _______ that must be removed to get the ore deposit.

overburden or waster rock

________ is a process which involves the physical and chemical separation of mineral from ore.

beneficiation

______ is a chemical separation technique which involves use of cyanide. It is usually used in gold, silver and copper ores.

leaching

Physical separation includes grinding or milling. The waste material after milling the ore are fine particles known as ______.

tailings

_______ is extracting minerals near the surface of the Earth.

surface mining

__________ technique has circular steps or benches built around the circumference of the pit. The ore and mineral are removed from the sides.

open-pit mining

______ involves cutting long narrow strips on the rock above the mineral deposits.

strip mining

_______ involves the use of explosives inserted in the holes which are drilled in the rock above the mineral deposits.

quarrying

Power derived from the utilization of physical or chemical resources, especially to provide light and heat or to work machines.

energy

_____ refers to any available supply that can be used or drawn upon when needed.

resource

Energy, in _____, the capacity for doing work. It may exist in _____, _____, _____, electrical, ______, _____, or other various forms. (britannica.com)

physics, potential, kinetic, thermal, chemical, nuclear

____, the capacity to do work, is vital for all life processes.

energy

_____ are the things found in the environment that humans can use for survival and other purposes.

resource

__________ are all forms of fuels used in the modern world, either for heating, generation of electrical energy, or for other forms of energy conversion.

energy resources

____ stores energy. Today, most of the energy used in industries comes from fossil fuels.

fuel

The use of energy resources in a rational manner through energy conservation measures leads to stabilization of the rate of growth of energy consumption, which is beneficial for both sustainability and the environment.

energy resources

_______ such as coal or hydrocarbon fuels are nonrenewable sources formed from the organic remains of pre-historic plants or animals.

fossil fuels

Three main types of fossil fuels: _____, _____ and ______.

coal, natural gas and petroleum oil

Natural gas composition:

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Oxygen

Petroleum composition:

Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Sulfur, Oxygen, Minerals

Coal composition:

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Oxygen, Minerals

_____ are harnessed using power stations or plants.

fossil fuels

The following are fossil fuel advantages except

Fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources.

These ________ plants technologies that capture heat released by combustion to generate electricity.

fossil fuels

_____ also known as biofuel, is the gas produced from the breakdown of organic matter or biomass.

biogas

Who found a way of converting chicken droppings to biogas.

Harold Bate

A _____ plant takes in biological matter and decompose it to yield useful gas. This is used to recycle waste from homes, restaurants, farms and other places. _____ plants use a simple process to turn biomaterials togas.

biogas

The following are biogas advantages except

It is very difficult to enhance the efficiency of biogas systems.

Geothermal comes from the Greek word ____ meaning Earth and ____ meaning heat.

geo and therme

_____ is energy derived from the natural heat of the Earth.

geothermal energy

Geothermal energy is clean and sustainable.

True

The following are geothermal disadvantages except

Geothermal energy does not produce any pollution.

_____ power or hydroelectricity is created by the force of moving water.

hydroelectric

The name comes from ____, the Greek word for water.

hydro

The movement of water as it falls creates kinetic energy that can be converted into electrical energy.

True

The following are geothermal energy advantages except

There is high-investment cost.

____ is the Latin word for sun.

solar

______ is harnessed from the sun' s rays that reach Earth.

solar energy

The following are solar energy disadvantages except

Solar energy is free and needs no fuel.

are unwanted or unusable materials.

Waste

is commonly called trash or garbage.

Solid Waste

is any substance which is discarded after primary use, or is worthless, defective and of no use. (Wikipedia).

Waste

include sewage, industrial liquid discharges and common household wastes such as dishwashing or car washing.

Liquid Waste

is primarily generated by industrial processes and combustion from engines, electrical generating plants.

Gaseous Waste

It is the which can be dangerous to human health.

Main Source of Air Pollution

is a product or substance which is no longer suited for its intended use.

Waste

is all waste which has not been classified as hazardous: paper, plastics, glass, metal and beverage cans, organic waste etc.

Non-hazardous/Solid Waste

is waste that has been identified as potentially causing harm to the environment and human health and therefore needs special, separate treatment and handling. Chemical and physical characteristics determine the exact collection and recycling process.

Hazardous Waste

is waste from electric and electronic equipment such as end-of-life computers, phones and home appliances.

E-waste

is generally classified as hazardous because it contains toxic components (e.g. PCB and various metals).

E-waste

originates from the human and animal healthcare systems and usually consists of medicines, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, bandages, used medical equipment, bodily fluids and body parts.

Medical Waste

contains radioactive materials. The management of radioactive waste differs significantly from that of other waste.

Radioactive Waste

refers to the handling of waste from its generation to final disposal.

Waste Management

It receives, separates, and prepares recyclables to be sold to an end buyer. There are basically four components of a MRF facility:

Sorting, Processing, Storage and Load-out

Waste Management Republic Act No?

9003

of waste refers to waste elimination techniques comprising landfills, containment, underground disposal, dumping at sea and all other disposal methods.

Disposal

is the oldest form of waste disposal which involves burying the waste in the land.

Landfill

________ or ________ is thermal treatment in which solid waste are burned at high temperature which turn them into residue (ash), heat and gaseous products.

Incineration or Combustion

involves the natural biodegradation process of organic waste. Microorganisms decompose the organic waste into compost.

Composting

Causes of Waste

Household Waste, Industrial Waste, and Food Waste

Effects of Waste

Environmental Impact, Economic Impact, Burning of Fossil Fuels, Mismanagement of Waste, Gases From Industrial Process, Global Warming and Nuclear Accidents

Solutions for Waste

Education and Raising Awareness, Regulations and Negative Externalities, RMPs, Re-use and Recycling of Materials and Convince Others

Any facility design plan should accommodate all these activities which _______ and _______ of a ___________.

Promote Efficient and Effective Operation of a Recycling Program.

5'R Principles to Ensure Zero Waste

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Repurpose and Refuse

________ are those that possess metallic properties such as luster, ductility, malleability, ability conduct electricity and heat.

metallic resources

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Mico Mark Costales · 64問 · 3年前

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