criminology mcboard set A

60問 • 3年前

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It is the scientific study of crimes, criminals, crime victims, and the theories explaining illegal or deviant behavior, the social reaction to crime, the effectiveness of anti-crime policies and the broader political terrain of social control.

criminology

This punishment was based on physical retaliations or an eye for an eye. The severity of punishment depended on class standing for assault, slaves would be put to death, freemen might lose a limb.

retribution

It does not only serve as the foundations of Judeo-Christian moral teachings, but it is also a basis for the United States legal system, that is, prohibitions against murder, theft, perjury, and adultery.

Mosaic Code

It is based on the assumptions that criminals choose to commit crimes after weighing the consequences of their actions, or the so called the free-will.

classical criminology

He presented to the world a coherent, comprehensive design for an enlightened criminal justice system that was to serve the people rather than the monarchy; thus, with his small book, he became the "father of criminology."

Cesare Lombroso

This focuses on techniques and strategies that regulate human behavior and lead to conformity, or obedience to society's rules, and the influence of family and school, religious beliefs, moral values, friends, and even beliefs about government.

social control theory

This emphasizes the process of learning and internalizing the moral codes, hence, this theory notes different patterns of rewards and sanctions that affect the behavior or individual person or groups of persons.

social learning theory

This views crime-ridden neighborhoods as those in which residents are trying to leave at the earliest opportunity.

social disorganization theory

It is on the other hand attributes crime to a set of values peculiar to the lower class; and behaviors in violation of the law are falling under this theory. thus,

cultural deviance theory

This involve the actual techniques of crime as well as the psychological aspects of criminality, and which suggested that there are four factors necessary for a person to learn through observation and then imitate a behavior: attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.

social learning theory

This originated from the perceptions of other criminologists that the world is filled with conflict. Conflict is destructive when it leads to war, violence, and death, but it can be functional when it results in positive social change.

conflict theory

They are willing to commit any crime, but the upbringing allows certain acts which are condemned by the rest of society, while condemning, along with the rest of society, many other activities considered to be criminal.

normal criminal

This usually refers to as the general mental capability to reason, solve problems, think abstractly, learn and understand new material, and profit from past experience.

intelligence

According to this theory, all members of society subscribe to the same moral code but some people, because of their position in society are more-able than others to follow that code.

social structure theory

It is an unconscious area of the mind; it is the most primitive portion of the personality from which the other two are derived.

This states that society functions in terms of the general interests of the ruling class rather than "society as a whole" and that while the potential for conflict is always present, it is continually neutralized by the power of the ruling class.

radical criminology

It is the development of secondary male characteristics in women due to an excess of androgens or male hormones.

feminism

This theory assumes that for every individual there exists a containing external structure and a protective internal structure, both of which provide defense, protection, or insulation against delinquency.

containment theory

He is an English Philosopher cum humanist found that the real causes of growth of crime despite of the severity of law lay on the unequal distribution of property and shocking condition of agriculture

Sir Thomas More

According to this theory, individuals become law violators when they are in contact with persons, groups, or events that produce an excess of definitions favorable toward criminality and are isolated from counteraction forces

Sutherland's Theory

It is also a form of social learning that leads to the "development of traditions, and ultimately, culture, and the term generally refers to conscious behavior, and subconscious reproduction is termed mirroring.

reproduction

Although the positive emphasis of the theory is that crime is a__________produced by and through social learning, it has been important also because of its negative implications, namely that criminality is not a biological, psychological or climatic phenomenon.

social phenomenon

It is entitled as "The Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006," as amended by R.A. No. 10630

RA. NO. 9344

It is one without proper parental care and has been abandoned by his or her parents for a period of at least six (6) consecutive months.

abandoned child

In law term, denotes various offenses committed by the children or youths, and this refers to criminal acts and status offenses performed by juveniles.

juvenile crime

It is the sexual abuse of children and youth through the exchange of sex or sexual acts for drugs, food, shelter, protection, other basics of life, or money.

child trafficking

This refers to a principle which requires a process of resolving conflicts with the maximum involvement of the victim, the offender, and the community, and is acknowledged as a new movement in the fields of victimology and criminology

restorative justice

This refers to a 24-hour residential care facility managed by the DSWD, LGUs, licensed and/or accredited NGOs monitored by the DSWD, which provides care, treatment and rehabilitation services for children in conflict with the law

youth rehabilitation center

This refers to offenses which discriminate only against a child, while an adult does not suffer any penalty for committing similar acts, such as truancy, curfew-hours, disobedience to parents, intoxication, smoking, and the like.

status offenses

This refers to a system dealing with children at risk and children in conflict with the law, which provides child-appropriate proceedings, including programs and services for prevention, diversion, rehabilitation, re-integration and aftercare to ensure their normal growth and development.

juvenile justice and welfare system

It is trading and dealing with children including, but not limited to, the act of buying and selling of a child for money, or for any other consideration, or barter, and which has become a worldwide concern in the past few years.

child trafficking

This refers to persons below eighteen (18) years of age or those over but are unable to fully take care of themselves or protect themselves from abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation or discrimination because of a physical or mental disability or condition

children

Are those who are crippled, deaf-mute, blind, or otherwise defective which restricts their means of action on communication with others, or if he cannot, for physical reasons, participate in social, recreational, educational, or vocational activities on fairly equal with children of his age

physically handicap children

They may be employed to perform light work which is not harmful to their safety, health or normal development and which is not prejudicial to their studies

children below sixteen years of age

It is the area of criminal law applicable to persons not old enough to be held responsible for criminal acts. In most states, the age for criminal culpability is set at 18 years.

juvenile justice

It is one who has been induced or forced by parents or guardians or other persons or circumstances to indulge in activities which endanger his moral, emotional, and social development

exploited child

It is the first institution expressly for juveniles, and was founded in New York City in 1825 so that institutionalized delinquents could be kept apart from adult criminals.

House of Refuge

This behavior reflects an innate biological predisposition to react physiologically to stressful or upsetting events and moments, and basically, this represents emotionality of an individual person or groups of persons.

neuroticism

It is a mental disease resembling paranoia, but is also characterized by autistic behavior, hallucinations and a gradual deterioration of the personality

paranoid-schizoprenic

This behavior refers to any behavioral response or reflex exhibited by people due to their genetic endowment or the process of natural selection.

inherited behavior

This can cause people to act before they think, if they make a mistake, they may not always be so willing to own up to their slipups, and they are trying to shift blame or make excuses for impulsive behavior is an easy way to spot those individual person who are trying to rationalize their actions.

impulsiveness

Although the mental defect of this individual is not as severe as that of idiots, he cannot manage his own affairs. The mental age may be compared to a normal child from 3 to 7 years old and the 1. Q. is 21 to

imbecile

It is a mild form of mental disorder. A person may have no physical difficulty, but may experience lack of sleep and loss of appetite and becomes emotionally unhealthy. Obsessions,fears, or phobins are characteristics of psychoneurosis

psychoneurosis

It is the branch of psychology which investigates the psychology of crime with particular reference to the personality factors of the criminal, and it is related to the field of criminal anthropology.

criminal psychology

It is usually used to mean the study of people's mind or spirit, to reason out why an individual person become criminal, and it is the study of personality, reasoning, thought, intelligence, learning, perception, imagination, memory, and creativity.

psychology of crimes

It is the study of the etiology or causes of victimization, its consequence, how the criminal justice system assists and accommodates victims, and how other elements of society, such as the tri and social-media, deal with crime victims.

victimology

He is a criminologist from Germany who sought to develop better crime prevention strategies, and having researched the factors that predisposed one to criminality, he began to wonder what might cause a victim to become a victim

Hans von Hentig

It is the idiographic and nomothetic study of violent crime victims for the purposes of addressing investigative and forensic issues.

forensic victimology

It is a term that refers to a number of processes that can be used to resolve a conflict, dispute or claim, or alternatives to having a court decide the dispute in a trial or other institutions decide the resolution of the case, or issues subject of alternative dispute resolution.

crisis management

it is generally any quarrel, which may or may not include violence, neighborhood, or between members of the same household.

domestic dispute

These are statements that represent the objectives toward professionalism by which law enforcement officers shall strive to achieve their fulfillment, and these constitute theories and principles that can be relied upon for guidance of law enforcement officers in specific situations, or conditions

ethical standards

This pertains to manners relating to, dealing with or capable of making the distinction between right and wrong conduct, and it is also known as "esprit de corps."

morale

This arises when a public official or employee is a member of a board, an officer, or a substantial stockholder of a private corporation or owner or has a substantial interest in a business, and may be opposed to or affected by the faithful performance of official duty.

conflict of interest

As stated previously, these police or law enforcement officers engage in some corrupt activities as the occasion and opportunity arises, however, most will have their limits and engage primarily in accepting gratuities, occasional kickbacks, and opportunistic thefts

grass caters

This is the scales most commonly used in attitudinal research, this consist of a simple summation of usually a five-point bipolar responses ranging from not effective to very effective.

Likert's Scale

In the introduction, the thesis writer should try to do three main things, which are called moves, as follows, EXCEPT

colaboration of critical points or in-depth discussion of key issues

These are inferences, deduction, abstractions, implications, interpretations, general statements, or generalizations based upon the findings.

conclusions

It is a clear description of the issue(s), it includes a vision, issue statement, and method used to solve the problem; the SWs can be used to spark the discussion about the problem, and the statement of the problem expresses the words that will be used to keep the effort focused and it should represent a solvable problem.

statement of the problem

This term is a catch all term which means to apply any statistical method to the data. Treatments are divided into two groups descriptive statistics, which summarize the data as a graph or summary statistic and inferential statistics, which make predictions and test hypotheses about the data.

statistical treatment of data

This offers, as its name suggests, the most promising, albeit still illegitimate, prospects for upward economic mobility, and according to Cloward and Ohlin, this sub-culture can emerge only when there is some coordination between those in legitimate and in illegitimate roles.

stable delinquent sub-culture

Lea set A

Christian Jay Santos · 53問 · 3年前

Lea set A