There are multiple forms of pantothenic acid or compounds that release the active form of the vitamin when digested. In addition to free pantothenic acid, EXCEPT:

Pyridoxamine

The most common form of pantothenic acid in supplements.

Calcium pantothenate

During what metabolic process is pantothenic acid released?

Digestion

A group of nutrients that are required for the synthesis of pyridoxal phosphate, a coenzyme involved in more than 100 different metabolic processes.

Vitamin B6

This form is found in fruits, vegetables and grains, as well as supplements. Processed foods may also contain added _______

Pyridoxine

The organ where all dietary forms of vitamin B6 are converted into pyridoxal 5-phosphate, the active form of the vitamin.

liver

The MAIN type of vitamin B6 in animal-sourced foods.

Pyridoxal phosphate

It is the active form of pyridoxal synthesized in the liver.

pyridoxal 5-phosphate

It was historically called vitamin H after the German word haut, meaning “skin”.

Vitamin B7

When proteins that contain biotin are digested, they release a compound called..

biocytin

This digestive enzyme breaks biocytin into free biotin and lysine, an amino acid.

biotinidase

It was first discovered in yeast, but later isolated from spinach leaves.

Vitamin B9

Synthetic form Vitamin B9 commonly added to processed foods or sold as a supplement. Some scientists are concerned that high-dose of these supplements may cause harm.

Folic acid

As a supplement, it is thought to be healthier than folic acid.

L-methylfolate

Other term for L-methylfolate

5-methyltetrahydrofolate

It is the only vitamin that contains a metallic element, namely cobalt.

Cyanocobalamin

The following are main types of cyanocobalamin except..

acylcobalamin

The most common naturally occurring form of vitamin B12 and is widely found in animal-sourced foods.

Hydroxocobalamin

The only water-soluble vitamin that does not belong to the vitamin B category.

Vitamin C

Which is not a function of Vitamin C?

energy metabolism

An oxidized form of ascorbic acid

dehydroascorbic acid

Vitamin B1

Thiamine

Vitamin B6

Pyridoxine

Vitamin B5

Pantothenic acid

Required in the conversion of vitamin B6 to its active form, and in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin (vitamin B3).

Vitamin B2

Drive a metabolic process known as glycolysis, the extraction of energy from glucose

Vitamin B3

Playing an essential role in cellular function and acting as an antioxidant.

Vitamin B3

Supports the formation of white blood cells and helps the body synthesize several neurotransmitters.

Vitamin B6

Serves an essential role in fatty acid synthesis, glucose formation and amino acid metabolism.

Vitamin B7

Very important during periods of rapid cell division and growth, such as in infancy and pregnancy.

Vitamin B9

Required for converting protein and fat into energy and is essential for cell division and DNA synthesis.

Vitamin B12

Deficiency: Beriberi

Vitamin B1

Deficiency: Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Vitamin B1

Deficiency: Ariboflavinosis

Vitamin B2

Deficiency: Pellagra

Vitamin B3

Deficiency: Convulsions

Vitamin B5

Deficiency: Nerve damage and depression

Vitamin B6

Deficiency: Seborrheic dermatitis

Vitamin B7

Particularly essential for pregnant women, whose fetuses are producing new cells and tissues very quickly.

Folic acid