QDE CHAP2

65問 • 1年前

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was the first identified writing instrument. It was used to imprint wedge- shaped characters into clay tablets, which were then allowed to dry.

ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA

consisting of hundreds of wedge shaped marks on wet clay tablets

CUNEIFORM STYLUS

-It is a pen made from a flight feather of a large bird most often a goose.

QUILL PEN-

was made by Spanish Theologian ST. ISIDORE OF SEVILLE,

QUILL PEN

QUILL replaced by

REED PEN

made from calamus plants, found along riverbeds. The porous fibers absorb ink readily.

REED PEN

is a cut from a reed or bamboo with a slit in a narrow tip

REED PEN

it is was manufactured in France in 1784.

STEEL PEN

of Baltimore was the first to make the two side slits in the pen.

Perigreen Williamson

is a modern pen-nib point with a reservoir of ink at the upper back portion of the pen

FOUNTAIN PEN

Although PEN of BRONZE may have been known to Romans, the earliest mention of

BRAZEN PEN

Patented the first Ball point writing instrument.

JOHN LOUD, in 1888

a New York Insurance Agent, patented the first fountain pen

1884 LEWIS WATERMAN

The Ball-point pen was patented by two persons:

John Loud and Laszlo Biro.

The fountain pen was replaced by the

BALLPOINT PEN

An entirely different pen has become important in the United State, the fiber tip pen this was developed in Japan and introduced in U.S. in early 1960s

FIBER PEN

are made of dense natural or artificial fibers impregnated with a dye. This marker can be cut into variety of shapes and sizes...

FELT TIP MARKERS

consist of metal nib with capillary channel, like that of a fountain pen, mounted on a handle or a holder, often made of wood.

NIB PEN

a traditional writing instrument in East Asia calligraphy.

INK BRUSH

writing instrument which use ball point writing mechanism with water based liquid or gelled ink. As oppose to the oil based.

ROLLER BALL PEN

Are the newest innovation. These pens contain a permanent gel in a liquid solution.

GEL PENS

THE TERM LEAD OR LEAD PENCIL IS INCORRECT BECAUSE THE INSTRUMENTS CONTAIN NO LEAD.

PENCIL

determines the hardness or softness of the pencil.

CLAY AND GRAPHITE

is popular among artists. It is easy to apply and can produce delicate lines as well as broad heavy strokes

STICK CHARCOAL

made from carbonized wood it can easily be pulverized into powder

CHARCOAL

of a mixture of dry pigments and binders.

CHALK COMPOSED

grass grown in Libya, also in Spanish and North Africa was first introduced in England in 1861

ESPARTO

paper from WOOD was first introduced between 1880 and 1890 (Modern Type)

SULPHITE

brittle material made by crisscrossing strip sliced from the plant's pith, glued end-to-end like a scroll, an early form of book

PAPYRUS

Was created as a writing surface from THE SKIN OF CALVES

VELLUM

was used to make paper in 1800

STRAW

made primarily from the skin of sheep, its name was driven from the ancient Greek city of Pergamum

CODEX

The process begins by chipping pulpwood into small pieces that are then mixed with chemicals and fed into pressure vessels called

DIGESTERS

It flows onto a moving screen called a

FOURDRINIER

is the least expensive paper manufac- tured. It is composed mostly of GROUND WOOD, causing it to discolor easily

NEWSPRINT

is so named because it was originally used to print stocks and bonds.

BOND PAPER

made from cotton, are commonly used for business stationary and come in a variety of colors.

RAG BONDS

uncoated papers include onionskin, which comes in smooth or cockle finishes, and snap- out forms, which are frequently made with manifold papers made from wood fibers.

LIGHTWEIGHT

include carbonless paper, which is coated on both sides to transfer data from one page to another.

SPECIALTY PAPERS

are used primarily for labels and come with a variety of features

GUMMED PAPERS

are the MOST EXPENSIVE, uncoated papers because of their superior grade

TEXT PAPERS

are used for announcements, invita- tions, and greeting cards

COVER STOCKS

used primarily in publications, is The next level of paper.

COATED PAPER

is a coarse, unbleached, heavy paper also noted for strength

KRAFT PAPER

The proliferation of plastic has brought about a new kind of paper strengthened with PLASTIC FILAMENTS, KNOWN AS

TYVEK

used principally for checks, is designed to reveal alterations.

SAFETY PAPER

can be well appreciated with as good, light, dint stain or fading

COLOR

may be smooth o rough, damage or wrinkled.

SURFACE APPEARANCE

exposure of a paper to a strong light may-reveal the watermark of the manufacturer or type of the paper.

WATERMARKS

thickness may be measured by paper micrometer

WEIGHT AND THICKNESS

A liquid solution containing dyes and/or pigments used to make visible marks on a writing surface

INK

Pre-Christian era links were mostly soot or carbon blacks dissolved in water with holding solutions to attain desired fluidity.

ANCIENT INKS

This is made out of coal tar dissolved in acids. This was used as early as 1870.

ANILINE INK

are supposed to be the best writing inks, quick drying, waterproof and durable

FOUNTAIN PEN INKS

These are used mostly when a penetrating marking is desired that will not be erased

INDELIBLE FLUIDS

Invisible inks are those writing from the paper which has no readily visible writings on the paper that require some treatment in order to make them appear on the surface of the paper.

SYMPATHETIC INKS

made by grinding carbon in the form of vegetable char with a varnish made of natural gum and drying oil.

PRINTING INK

ink with high quality which is assured a long life under a reasonable conditions of storage of document.

RECORD INK

ink-synthetic dyestuff from the basis of practically all colored ink, whether intended for use of fountain pens or not.

COLORED INK

ink-is a substantially concentrated record ink to which has been added chemicals, such as glycerin or dextrin.

COPYING INK

ink-consist of a layer of either gelatin gycerol mixture of special clay.

HECTOGRAPH INK

ink-this ink are very similar to hectograph inks except that they heavily loaded with humectants, such as glycerol or glycol, which prevent the pad from drying up.

STAMP PAD INK

an ordinary ball point pen with a fluid containing finely divided carbon substitute for the usual dyestuff.

LIQUID LEAD PENCIL INK

ink-is a viscous ink that is dispense at the tip of a ballpoint pen during use by the rolling action of the small sphere.

BALL POINT INK

has also been used to leave notes. White Out, nail polish, and other chemicals are sometimes used

BLOOD

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Adrian Balmes · 37問 · 2年前

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