ENVI

51問 • 1年前

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The main mechanism available under international law for countries to work together on global environmental issues is the

Multilateral Environmental Agreement (MEA)

are agreements entered into by more than two countries and are predominantly United Nations- driven owing to the UN's representation to the international community.

Multilateral Environmental Agreement

is a multilateral environmental agreement that obligates "the Party States to reduce the generation and illegal traffic of hazardous waste from one State to another

Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes

The text of the legal instrument was discussed and agreed upon in Nairobi on 22 May 1992 and it was called

convention on biological diversity

was adopted on 29 January 2000 Montreal, Canada during a CBD COP extraordinary meeting. The Protocol lays down the rules and procedures for the safe use, handling, transport packaging, and documentation of LMOs.

cartagena protocol on biosafety

also known as the Bonn Convention, provides a global platform for the conservation and sustainable use of migratory animals and their habitats

convention on migratory species

Ramsar Convention is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources.

convention on wetlands

otherwise called the "climate protocol," is an international emissions reduction treaty under the UNFCCC

Kyoto protocol

is an international treaty that aims to protect human health and the environment from the adverse effects of anthropogenic emissions and releases of mercury (Hg) and mercury compounds

minamata convention

is a landmark multilateral environmental environme agreement that aims to protect the stratospheric ozone layer from depletion due to the ozone reaction with halogenated hydrocarbons

Montreal protocol

is the first global instrument for the conservation of migratory species of sharks listed on Appendix I or il of the Bonn Convention.

Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Migratory Sharks

A supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity is the_______on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization (ABS)

nogaya protocol

The potential health and environmental risks posed by hazardous chemicals and pesticides specifically in states that are unable to monitor the import and use of these prompted the UNEP and FAO to develop and promote voluntary information exchange programmes such as the International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides.

Rotterdam convention

enjoins states to take measures to eliminate or reduce the release of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) into the environment in order to protect human health and the environment

Stockholm convention

of a group of organisms (for instance, a species) indicates whether the group still exists and how likely the group is to become extinct in the near future

conservation status

TYPES OF APPENDIX

appendix 1 (highly endangered) appendix 2 (may become endangered) appendix 3 (under protection)

it was founded in 1948 brings together states, government agencies, countries and a diverse range of non-governmental organizations in a unique world partnership:

international union for conversation of nature

The extinction crisis and massive loss in biodiversity are universally recognized as a shared responsibility, resulting in action to reduce this loss of diversity within species, between species and in ecosystems.

facing the extinction crisis

are maintained and where necessary restored and any use of natural resources is sustainable and equitable. ustable

ecosystem integrity

that work around the world on particular themes of conservation

global thematic programmes

that are centred in the Secretariat regional offices around the world. Some of the regional offices also have country offices that run country programmes. Most Regional Programmes have regional thematic programmes, similar to the global thematic programmes.

regional programmes

which are run by the IUCN Commissions, usually in close collaboration with the global thematic and regional programmes.

commission programmes

provides global oversight of membership, communications, conservation finance, information management and donor relations.

corporate strategies group

lost of degrades

restore

funding and investing in nature

resource

build the culture of conservation

reconnect

IUCN and mandate

Governance

The direct threat to mankind of environmental degradation are summarized on this part is a result of socioeconomic, technological and institutional activities and occurs when Earth's natural resources are depleted (disintegration and deterioration

environmental degradation

might be at the receiving end as a result of environmental degradation.

impact of human health

is important for maintaining the balance ANTRA of the ecosystem in the form of combating pollution, restoring nutrients, protecting water sources and stabilizing climate

loss of diversity

is responsible for protecting the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays.

ozone layer depletion

are harmful after-effects of the human activities to the physical environment plaguing the planet with pollution, deforestation, climate change, ozone depletion, and water scarcity (Santhakumar & Sagar, 2020).

environmental threats

Sea levels are rising and oceans are becoming warmer.

climate change

A road cuts through pristine rainforest to give a community access to the city

infrastructure

is a big business, run by dangerous international networks, wildlife and animal parts are trafficked much like illegal drugs and arms

wildlife crime

Catching fish is not inherently bad for the ocean, except for when vessels catch fish faster than stocks can replenish, something called

overfishing

known as the incidental capture of non-target species such as dolphins, marine turtles and seabirds

bycatch

Many of the planet's most diverse and ecologically important areas also happen to hold large underground deposits of

oil and gases development

waste is choking our planet, polluting the air, water, and soil both people and wildlife need to survive

Plastic pollution

refers to the variety of living species on Earth, including plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi (National Geographic Resource Library, n.d.). Biodiversity refers to every living thing, including plants, bacteria, ar..mals, and humans.

biodiversity

Ecosystems are made up of abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) components in a specified volume of space. Natural ecosystems are "

balance eco system

is that it is a community or group of living organisms that live in and interact with each other in a specific environment

ecosystem

biotope also knows as

abiotic

biotic is also known as

biocenosis

refers to the "nature" or the natural landscape together with all of its non-human features, characteristics and processes (University of London, 2018).

environment

interconnections and interactions between entities occur environment, thus, is often used inte changeably with an ecological term "

ecosystem

- It is the rigid outermost shell that forms the surface of the planet

lithosphere

The layer is made up of a combined mass of water located on, under and over the planet

hydrosphere

The earth's atmosphere comprises a thick layer of gases surrounding the planet

atmosphere

It consists of all components provided by nature and hence can be called as the natural environment.

geographical environment

can also be termed as the global sum of all ecosystems that encompass regions where life exists,

biosphere

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Adrian Balmes · 37問 · 2年前

Cdi5