U1 L1 車を所有することは、彼らの多くにとって重要でない。 owning a car is ( )( )( ) to many of them.

U1 L2 Supporting idea 1: (reasons why people drive less) • Drivers in the developed world are growing ( )( ) congestion, smog, and rising fuel costs. The number of cars in Asia, Africa, and Latin America is likely to increase for several more decades; however, drivers in the developed world are growing tired of congestion, smog, and rising fuel costs. In over half of U.S. cities, population growth is strongest in city centers, as people move in to escape time-consuming, costly car commutes and take public transportation like trains and subways instead of driving. Growing investment in public transportation is allowing people without cars to get around with ease.

U1 L1 問題：Main idea: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) including the U.S., Germany, and Britain, (. )(. ) what industry analysts call “peak car." The End of the Road for Cars? In many ways, the 20th century was the century of the car. Much of what we see around us was built for cars, from highways and suburbs to fast-food outlets and shopping malls. However, after a century of expanding car ownership, the most developed countries including the U.S., Germany, and Britain, have passed what industry analysts call "peak car”. In terms of annual total distance driven, distance per driver, and total trips made, the numbers have been falling for over a decade. Young people are applying for driver’s licenses later in life or not at all, and owning a car is of no importance to many of them.

U1 L2 Supporting idea 1: (reasons why people drive less) • Growing investment ( )( )( ) is allowing people without cars to get around with ease. The number of cars in Asia, Africa, and Latin America is likely to increase for several more decades; however, drivers in the developed world are growing tired of congestion, smog, and rising fuel costs. In over half of U.S. cities, population growth is strongest in city centers, as people move in to escape time-consuming, costly car commutes and take public transportation like trains and subways instead of driving. Growing investment in public transportation is allowing people without cars to get around with ease.

U1 L2 アジア、アフリカ、ラテンアメリカの車の数は、さらなる数十年間に増える可能性が高い。( )( )( ) cars in Asia, Africa, and Latin America is likely to increase for several more decades.

U1 L2 公共交通機関に投資を増やすことによって、車を持っていない人々が簡単に移動できるようになっています。Growing investment in public transportation is (. ) people without cars to get around with ease.

U1 L3 Supporting idea 2: (another reason why people drive less) 問題• In the U.S.,(. )(. )is also making car owners drive less. In the U.S., the Internet is also proving influential in ending people's love affair with the car. They increasingly contact friends online rather than driving somewhere to meet up. The Internet has also sparked an explosion of interest in international travel, and consequent spending on trips rather than cars. Shops and services are accessible online, which means less driving to stores and businesses.

U1 L4 Supporting idea 3: (city governments' city planning) • City governments are already including (. )(. )(. )(. )(. )(. ) in planning policies. City governments are already including the drastic reduction of car usage in planning policies. London and Paris have restricted inner-city driving and parking to encourage the usage of public transportation. They have provided rent-a-bike services and other incentives to get cars off city roads.

U1 L5 Supporting idea 4: (car companies' efforts) • Car companies are trying to reverse (. )(. ) and are promising (. )(. ) within a decade. Car companies, meanwhile, are gambling on a revolution to reverse the decline. Major companies are promising driverless cars within a decade. These smart cars would automatically manage traffic flows to avoid congestion. In addition, the number of road accidents is likely to be far lower, since 90 percent of them are caused by human error. Ten years would be a short time frame for so much innovation, and skeptics question the ability of these vehicles to avoid unpredictable the decline. and hazards. But according to Michigan's Center for Automotive Research, robotic cars will arrive on schedule. The implications, across almost every industry, are huge.

U1 L5 10年は多くの改革をするためには、短い期間だ。Ten years(. )(. )(. )(. )(. ) frame for so much innovation

U1 overview: After a century of (decreasing / rising) car ownership in the 20th century,(developing / developed) countries have passed "peak car.”

U1 overview: ( Convenience stores are / The Internet is) also making people drive less.

U1 overview: People in the developed world are driving (less / more) than before, and moving (into/ out of) city centers to avoid time-consuming, expensive car commutes.

U1 overview: Growing investment in (road expansion / public transportation) is making it easier to travel (with / without) a car.

U1 overview: However, car companies are designing (driverless / eco-friendly) vehicles in the hope of reversing the decline in sales.

U1 overview: (City governments / Car companies) are also trying to reduce the great number of cars.

U1 近い単語を選択してください。Drivers in the developed world are growing tired of (congestion).

U1 overview: Smart cars that could (red pollution / end congestion) and (avoid / predict) accidents will be on the market in a decade.

U1 近い単語を選択してください。The Internet has (sparked) an explosion of interest in international travel.

U1 近い単語を選択してください。City governments are already including the (drastic) reduction of car usage in planning policies.

U1 近い単語を選択してください。London and Paris have (restricted) inner-city driving.