social psychology chap 3

31問 • 2年前

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refers to positive feelings about another person. It can take many forms, including liking, love, friendship, lust, and admiration

intwrpersonal attraction

characterized by reciprocal self-disclosure and equity in social exchange, and conscious of one's investment in the relationship.

intimacy

reasons for affiliation

1. emotional support ans postiive feelings 2. attention 3. social comparison

birds of the same feather flock together

similarity

Opposite Attracts - emphasizes differences of persons in a group or in a relationship rather than similarities as basis of attraction. It is like our tendency to be attracted or to seek out for others whose personality characteristics may complement ours- that is those who have opposite characteristics

contemporary needs theory

Person A and person B is regarded as complementary to each other because person A is high while person B is low on the same specific need. For example, one is dominant while the other is submissive.

type 1 complementarity

Person A and person B is regarded as complementary to each other because person A is high on one or more needs and person B is high or low on certain different needs. For example, one is expressive and perfectionist while the other is shy, timid and very relaxed.

type II complementarity

people are attracted to others who are similar to them is particular characteristics or pair off with others who are at about the same level as we are with respect to these characteristics.

expentancy value theory

This theory empathizes that people like to be with certain individual or group of people because they get something in return or out of the relationship. The relationship must be rewarding that it includes the positive feelings and emotions felt when one is with the group, the self- validation, the help and assistance, and the status that one gets in the relationship or as part of the group.

reinforcement theory

this theory states that people consider the rewards, the cost and everything that they can get in everything that they do even sometimes unconsciously aware of what they are doing.

social echange thoery

This is also called as Newcomb’s Symmetry model or A-B-X model which takes the perspective of person A (the actor) who is in network or in relationship with person B (other person) and object X (attitudinal object which can be anything like house, vehicle, table, issues like poverty, violence or any other person).

balance theory

quality or the state of one’s closeness. Frequent contact with another person because of the distance, nearness or the location relative to each other may lead to attraction eventually may develop friendship or romantic relationship.

physical proximity

attracts us to like people. Like physical attractiveness, how people are attracted to certain personality characteristics depends on the perceiver.

personal characteristics

the emotion one can experience when he or she is uncomfortable in the presence of other people which leads to the avoidance of social interaction. People who are suffering from anxiety find it hard to start small talks, asking someone for a date, being acquainted with other people or are very uncomfortable with any social interaction.

social anxiety

it is the feeling of deprivation about one’s existing social relations. Loneliness is produced by the discrepancy between what we actually have and what we actually want (

loneliness

emotional component) includes feelings of closeness and connectedness in a relationship, as well as admiring and wanting to take care of the loved one.

intimacy component

motivational component) comprises the drives that lead to intense emotions in love relationships. In romantic relationships, physical attraction and sexuality may be prominent. However, other motives like the needs to give and receive nurturance, the need for self-esteem and dominance may also arise.

passion

cognitive component) which is the decision to love someone else and in long term, to be committed in maintaining that love and staying in a relationship.

commitment

characterizes true friendships, in which a person feels a bondedness, a warmth, and a closeness with another but not intense passion or long-term commitment

liking

often what is felt as "love at first sight." But without the intimacy and the commitment components of love, infatuated love may disaper suddenly

infatuated love

Sometimes, a stronger love deteriorates into empty love, in which the commitment remains, but the intimacy and passion have died. In cultures in which arranged marriages are common, relationships often begin as empty love.

empty love

they are bonded emotionally (as in liking) and physically through passionate arousal.

romantic love

often found in marriages in which the passion has gone out of the relationship, but a deep affection and commitment remain. Companionate love is generally a personal relation you build with somebody you share your life with, but with no sexual or physical desire.

compasionate love

can be exemplified by a whirlwind courtship and marriage in which a commitment is motivated largely by passion, without the stabilizing influence of intimacy

fatuous love

the complete form of love, representing the ideal relationship toward which many people strive but which apparently few achieve. Sternberg cautions that maintaining a consummate love may be even harder than achieving it. He stresses the importance of translating the components of love into action. "Without expression," he warns, "even the greatest of loves can die"

consummate love

This is the immediate powerful physical attraction to someone. Such love burns intensely and then dies. Rarel that this kind of love develops to a more lasting love.

erotic or romantic love

This is the immediate powerful physical attraction to someone. Such love burns intensely and then dies. Rarel that this kind of love develops to a more lasting love.

ludus/ playful or self centered love

This kind of love started from friendship wherein the two individuals share a common interest and they enjoy doing things together. Gradually, this friendship develops into love. Unlike other couples, if these couples decide to separate as lovers, it is just easy for them to remain as friends again.

storge/ compationate love

Obsessed lovers often feel anxious and obsessed with their partners. This kind of love may lead to furious jealousy, helpless obsessions and tragic endings. The manic lover is demanding and possessive toward the beloved.

mania/obssesive or insecure love

The lover looks for an appropriate match to his or her own personality, characteristics, attitudes, beliefs, religion, and interests and so on. With this, there is the hope that a deeper bond and feelings may develop.

pragma practical love

This is the type of love that is patient, kind and does not require reciprocity.

algape or odd altruistic love

Theories of Personality

Angel Arce · 20問 · 2年前

Theories of Personality