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Intestinal and Extraintestinal amoeba

Intestinal and Extraintestinal amoeba
86問 • 1年前
  • ユーザ名非公開
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    Thermophilic organism that thrive best in hot springs and other warm aquatic environment

    Naegleria fowleri

  • 2

    Pathogenesis of Naegleria fowleri

    Primary Amoebic Encephalitis (PAM)

  • 3

    patients initially complain of fever, headache, sore throat, nausea, and vomiting

    PAM

  • 4

    diagnostic sign for meningitis where the patient is unable to fully straighten his or her leg when the hip is flexed at 90 degrees because of hamstring stiffness

    Kernig’s sign

  • 5

    Hemorrhagic necrosis in postmortem examination of infected brain

    Primary Amoebic Encephalitis

  • 6

    Oral and intranasal routes while swimming in contaminated pools, rivers, and lakes

    Naegleria fowleri

  • 7

    In wet film examination of CSF, Naegleria Fowleri is

    Positive in Trophozoites

  • 8

    in autopsy, Naegleria fowleri positive in Trophozoites through?

    Immunofluorescent staining

  • 9

    In culture of Negleria fowleri, can be grown in several kinds of liquid axenic media or non-nutrient agar plates coated with Escherichia coli,

    Both positive Trophozoite and Cyst

  • 10

    Molecular Diagnosis for Naegleria fowleri

    Polymerase-Chain Reaction

  • 11

    Prevention for Naegleria fowleri Chlorination Frequent cleaning Salination

    True

  • 12

    It used to observed trophozoite’s motility

    Saline

  • 13

    It used to stain Entamoeba spp. and also to differentiate Entamoeba spp. from WBC

    Saline + Methylene blue

  • 14

    it used to observed nucleus of E. histolytica and also to differentiate E. histolytica from nonpathogenic amoeba

    Saline + iodine

  • 15

    Causative agent of "balantidiasis or balantidial dysentery

    Balantidium coli

  • 16

    What is the causative agent of Balantidium coli?

    Balantidial dysentery

  • 17

    Largest protozoan parasite

    Balantidium coli

  • 18

    What is the function of cytostome of Balantidium coli?

    Entry of Food

  • 19

    What is the function of cytopyge of Balantidium coli?

    Excrete waste

  • 20

    Select the correct answers: What is the two dissimilar nucleus of Balantidium coli?

    Macronucleus, Micronucleus

  • 21

    what nuclues of Balantidium coli with Kidney shaped l?

    Macronucleus

  • 22

    causes the ulceration, secreted by trophozoite

    Hyaluronidase

  • 23

    it described as flask-shaped ulcer but with rounded base and wider neck.

    Ulceration

  • 24

    Direct examination of Balantidium coli

    microscopic demonstration of cyst and trophozoite in direct

  • 25

    specimens and scrapings from intestinal ulcers can be examined for presence of trophozoites and cysts of balantidium coli

    Biopsy

  • 26

    Culture for Balantidium coli

    Locke’s egg albumin medium and NIH pyogenic medium

  • 27

    ingestion of food/water contaminated with B. coli ____ What stages of parasite?

    cyst

  • 28

    What is the infective stage of B. coli

    cyst

  • 29

    Drug of choice for Balantidium coli?

    Tetracycline

  • 30

    What is the alternatively drug for Balantidium coli?

    Doxycycline

  • 31

    What are the two treatment has been reported to be useful in some cases of B. coli

    Metronidazole and Nitroimidazole

  • 32

    Prevention for B. coli

    All of the above

  • 33

    Free-living protozoan with two vegetative forms: an amoeba (trophozoite form) and a flagellate (swimming form

    Naegleria fowleri

  • 34

    contact lens users perforation of the cornea and results to subsequent loss of vision

    Amoebic keratitis

  • 35

    CT scan of brain provides inconclusive findings.

    True

  • 36

    shows lymphocytic pleocytosis (abnormal increase in the number of lymphocyte in the CSF), slightly elevated protein levels, and normal or slightly decreased glucose levels.

    CSF

  • 37

    Abnormal increase in the number of leukocytes in the CSF

    Lymphocytic pleocytosis

  • 38

    Laboratory diagnosis of Amoebic keratitis

    made by demonstration of the cyst in corneal scrapings by wet mount, histology, culture (growth can be obtained from corneal scrapings inoculated on nutrient agar, overlaid with live or dead Escherichia coli, and incubated at 300°C), demonstration of cyst and trophozoites in stool and PCR.

  • 39

    Laboratory diagnosis of Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis

    made by demonstration of trophozoites and cysts in brain biopsy (post- mortem in most cases), culture, and immunofluorescence microscopy-using monoclonal antibodies.

  • 40

    destructive encephalopathy and associated meningeal irritation; Disease of immunocompromised (AIDS)

    Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis

  • 41

    Specimen for Acantamoeba spp.

    Tissue secretions, Discharges, Exudates

  • 42

    What spp of organisms with a Direct invasion of the eye: contaminated saline

    Acanthamoeba spp.

  • 43

    Aspiration or nasal inhalation: use of contaminated swimming pools, deep well, is mode transmission of which organisms?

    Acanthamoeba spp.

  • 44

    Most common amoeba of freshwater and soil and no flagellate state

    Acanthamoeba spp.

  • 45

    Aquatic organism, can survive in contact lens cleaning solutions

    Acanthamoeba spp. (Acanthamoeba castellani)

  • 46

    Ubiquitous, free-living amoeba (facultative) With an active trophozoite stage with characteristic prominent "thorn-like" appendages (acanthopodia) and resilient cyst stage

    Acanthamoeba spp.

  • 47

    What commensal organism

    Endolimax nana

  • 48

    Cross-eyed cyst

    Endolimax nana

  • 49

    smallest amoeba

    Endolimax nana

  • 50

    Identify what commensal organism

    Iodamoeba butschlii

  • 51

    Large glycogen vacuole/ body which stains deep brown with iodine

    Iodamoeba butschlii

  • 52

    iodine-cyst because of glycogen affinity to iodine

    Iodamoeba butschlii

  • 53

    this organism able to grow at room temperature, and able to survive at 0 to 41°C

    Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 54

    organism with physiologically unique: osmotolerant

    Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 55

    this organism is considered primarily a free-living amoeba.

    Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 56

    Morphologically indistinguishable from those of the disease causing species E. histolytica and the non-pathogenic E. dispar, but differs from them biochemically and genetically.

    Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 57

    Entamoeba gingivalis Transmitted through :

    kissing, droplets spray, sharing utensils

  • 58

    Can be found in the mouth (gum and teeth surfaces)

    Entamoeba gingivalis

  • 59

    Not capable of encystation

    Entamoeba gingivalis

  • 60

    Entamoeba chattoni: found in apes and monkeys, identical to E. polecki, identification via_______

    Isoenzyme analysis

  • 61

    found in apes and monkeys, identical to E. polecki,

    Entamoeba chattoni

  • 62

    Parasite of the pigs and monkeys (rarely infect humans)

    Entamoeba polecki

  • 63

    "small-race E. histolytica”

    Entamoeba hartmanni

  • 64

    Similar to E. histolytica except much smaller and no RBC inclusions

    Entamoeba hartmanni

  • 65

    Morphologically similar to E. histolytica and E. moshkovskii, but with different DNA and RNA.

    Entamoeba dispar

  • 66

    Karyosome: Large; location is eccentric; surrounded by a halo of non-staining material

    Entamoeba coli

  • 67

    Thick; lined with coarse chromatin dots and bars nuclear memebrane

    Entamoeba coli

  • 68

    Rarely visible nucleus

    Entamoeba coli

  • 69

    inclusion with Bacteria and other material; no RBCs ingested

    Entamoeba coli

  • 70

    Short and blunt; granular; slowly extruded pseudopodia

    Entamoeba coli

  • 71

    Sluggish, not progressive and non-directional

    Entamobea coli

  • 72

    In what type of experimental trials has Entamoeba moshkovskii shown limited pathogenicity?

    B. Laboratory trials with animals

  • 73

    What is the pathogenicity of Entamoeba moshkovskii in humans?

    C. non-pathogenic

  • 74

    What is the temperature range Entamoeba moshkovskii can survive in?

    C. 0–41°C

  • 75

    Which of the following is a unique physiological property of Entamoeba moshkovskii

    B. It is osmotolerant and grows at room temperature (25–30°C).

  • 76

    Where was Entamoeba moshkovskii first detected?Where was Entamoeba moshkovskii first detected?

    Sewage

  • 77

    In which of the following regions has Entamoeba moshkovskii been reported?

    All of the above

  • 78

    used to differentiate the three organis which is Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, and Entamoeba moshkovskii

    Isoenzyme analysis, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Monoclonal antibody typing

  • 79

    E. histolytica has the same morphological features as: _________ and _________

    Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 80

    presence of amoeba in any part of the body (exclusively applied to E. histolytica)

    Ameobiasis

  • 81

    inhabits the large intestine except for

    Entamoeba gingivalis

  • 82

    Undergoes ENCYSTATION except for E. gingivalis and Dientamoeba fragilis. ( only trophozoites form)

    True

  • 83

    Mode of transmission of Entamoeba histolytica

    Fecal-oral route

  • 84

    How is Entamoeba moshkovskii different from E. histolytica and E. dispar?

    both B and C

  • 85

    All Entamoeba are commensal except for

    Entamoeba histolytica

  • 86

    "brain-eating amoeba"

    Naegleria fowleri

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Thermophilic organism that thrive best in hot springs and other warm aquatic environment

    Naegleria fowleri

  • 2

    Pathogenesis of Naegleria fowleri

    Primary Amoebic Encephalitis (PAM)

  • 3

    patients initially complain of fever, headache, sore throat, nausea, and vomiting

    PAM

  • 4

    diagnostic sign for meningitis where the patient is unable to fully straighten his or her leg when the hip is flexed at 90 degrees because of hamstring stiffness

    Kernig’s sign

  • 5

    Hemorrhagic necrosis in postmortem examination of infected brain

    Primary Amoebic Encephalitis

  • 6

    Oral and intranasal routes while swimming in contaminated pools, rivers, and lakes

    Naegleria fowleri

  • 7

    In wet film examination of CSF, Naegleria Fowleri is

    Positive in Trophozoites

  • 8

    in autopsy, Naegleria fowleri positive in Trophozoites through?

    Immunofluorescent staining

  • 9

    In culture of Negleria fowleri, can be grown in several kinds of liquid axenic media or non-nutrient agar plates coated with Escherichia coli,

    Both positive Trophozoite and Cyst

  • 10

    Molecular Diagnosis for Naegleria fowleri

    Polymerase-Chain Reaction

  • 11

    Prevention for Naegleria fowleri Chlorination Frequent cleaning Salination

    True

  • 12

    It used to observed trophozoite’s motility

    Saline

  • 13

    It used to stain Entamoeba spp. and also to differentiate Entamoeba spp. from WBC

    Saline + Methylene blue

  • 14

    it used to observed nucleus of E. histolytica and also to differentiate E. histolytica from nonpathogenic amoeba

    Saline + iodine

  • 15

    Causative agent of "balantidiasis or balantidial dysentery

    Balantidium coli

  • 16

    What is the causative agent of Balantidium coli?

    Balantidial dysentery

  • 17

    Largest protozoan parasite

    Balantidium coli

  • 18

    What is the function of cytostome of Balantidium coli?

    Entry of Food

  • 19

    What is the function of cytopyge of Balantidium coli?

    Excrete waste

  • 20

    Select the correct answers: What is the two dissimilar nucleus of Balantidium coli?

    Macronucleus, Micronucleus

  • 21

    what nuclues of Balantidium coli with Kidney shaped l?

    Macronucleus

  • 22

    causes the ulceration, secreted by trophozoite

    Hyaluronidase

  • 23

    it described as flask-shaped ulcer but with rounded base and wider neck.

    Ulceration

  • 24

    Direct examination of Balantidium coli

    microscopic demonstration of cyst and trophozoite in direct

  • 25

    specimens and scrapings from intestinal ulcers can be examined for presence of trophozoites and cysts of balantidium coli

    Biopsy

  • 26

    Culture for Balantidium coli

    Locke’s egg albumin medium and NIH pyogenic medium

  • 27

    ingestion of food/water contaminated with B. coli ____ What stages of parasite?

    cyst

  • 28

    What is the infective stage of B. coli

    cyst

  • 29

    Drug of choice for Balantidium coli?

    Tetracycline

  • 30

    What is the alternatively drug for Balantidium coli?

    Doxycycline

  • 31

    What are the two treatment has been reported to be useful in some cases of B. coli

    Metronidazole and Nitroimidazole

  • 32

    Prevention for B. coli

    All of the above

  • 33

    Free-living protozoan with two vegetative forms: an amoeba (trophozoite form) and a flagellate (swimming form

    Naegleria fowleri

  • 34

    contact lens users perforation of the cornea and results to subsequent loss of vision

    Amoebic keratitis

  • 35

    CT scan of brain provides inconclusive findings.

    True

  • 36

    shows lymphocytic pleocytosis (abnormal increase in the number of lymphocyte in the CSF), slightly elevated protein levels, and normal or slightly decreased glucose levels.

    CSF

  • 37

    Abnormal increase in the number of leukocytes in the CSF

    Lymphocytic pleocytosis

  • 38

    Laboratory diagnosis of Amoebic keratitis

    made by demonstration of the cyst in corneal scrapings by wet mount, histology, culture (growth can be obtained from corneal scrapings inoculated on nutrient agar, overlaid with live or dead Escherichia coli, and incubated at 300°C), demonstration of cyst and trophozoites in stool and PCR.

  • 39

    Laboratory diagnosis of Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis

    made by demonstration of trophozoites and cysts in brain biopsy (post- mortem in most cases), culture, and immunofluorescence microscopy-using monoclonal antibodies.

  • 40

    destructive encephalopathy and associated meningeal irritation; Disease of immunocompromised (AIDS)

    Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis

  • 41

    Specimen for Acantamoeba spp.

    Tissue secretions, Discharges, Exudates

  • 42

    What spp of organisms with a Direct invasion of the eye: contaminated saline

    Acanthamoeba spp.

  • 43

    Aspiration or nasal inhalation: use of contaminated swimming pools, deep well, is mode transmission of which organisms?

    Acanthamoeba spp.

  • 44

    Most common amoeba of freshwater and soil and no flagellate state

    Acanthamoeba spp.

  • 45

    Aquatic organism, can survive in contact lens cleaning solutions

    Acanthamoeba spp. (Acanthamoeba castellani)

  • 46

    Ubiquitous, free-living amoeba (facultative) With an active trophozoite stage with characteristic prominent "thorn-like" appendages (acanthopodia) and resilient cyst stage

    Acanthamoeba spp.

  • 47

    What commensal organism

    Endolimax nana

  • 48

    Cross-eyed cyst

    Endolimax nana

  • 49

    smallest amoeba

    Endolimax nana

  • 50

    Identify what commensal organism

    Iodamoeba butschlii

  • 51

    Large glycogen vacuole/ body which stains deep brown with iodine

    Iodamoeba butschlii

  • 52

    iodine-cyst because of glycogen affinity to iodine

    Iodamoeba butschlii

  • 53

    this organism able to grow at room temperature, and able to survive at 0 to 41°C

    Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 54

    organism with physiologically unique: osmotolerant

    Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 55

    this organism is considered primarily a free-living amoeba.

    Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 56

    Morphologically indistinguishable from those of the disease causing species E. histolytica and the non-pathogenic E. dispar, but differs from them biochemically and genetically.

    Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 57

    Entamoeba gingivalis Transmitted through :

    kissing, droplets spray, sharing utensils

  • 58

    Can be found in the mouth (gum and teeth surfaces)

    Entamoeba gingivalis

  • 59

    Not capable of encystation

    Entamoeba gingivalis

  • 60

    Entamoeba chattoni: found in apes and monkeys, identical to E. polecki, identification via_______

    Isoenzyme analysis

  • 61

    found in apes and monkeys, identical to E. polecki,

    Entamoeba chattoni

  • 62

    Parasite of the pigs and monkeys (rarely infect humans)

    Entamoeba polecki

  • 63

    "small-race E. histolytica”

    Entamoeba hartmanni

  • 64

    Similar to E. histolytica except much smaller and no RBC inclusions

    Entamoeba hartmanni

  • 65

    Morphologically similar to E. histolytica and E. moshkovskii, but with different DNA and RNA.

    Entamoeba dispar

  • 66

    Karyosome: Large; location is eccentric; surrounded by a halo of non-staining material

    Entamoeba coli

  • 67

    Thick; lined with coarse chromatin dots and bars nuclear memebrane

    Entamoeba coli

  • 68

    Rarely visible nucleus

    Entamoeba coli

  • 69

    inclusion with Bacteria and other material; no RBCs ingested

    Entamoeba coli

  • 70

    Short and blunt; granular; slowly extruded pseudopodia

    Entamoeba coli

  • 71

    Sluggish, not progressive and non-directional

    Entamobea coli

  • 72

    In what type of experimental trials has Entamoeba moshkovskii shown limited pathogenicity?

    B. Laboratory trials with animals

  • 73

    What is the pathogenicity of Entamoeba moshkovskii in humans?

    C. non-pathogenic

  • 74

    What is the temperature range Entamoeba moshkovskii can survive in?

    C. 0–41°C

  • 75

    Which of the following is a unique physiological property of Entamoeba moshkovskii

    B. It is osmotolerant and grows at room temperature (25–30°C).

  • 76

    Where was Entamoeba moshkovskii first detected?Where was Entamoeba moshkovskii first detected?

    Sewage

  • 77

    In which of the following regions has Entamoeba moshkovskii been reported?

    All of the above

  • 78

    used to differentiate the three organis which is Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, and Entamoeba moshkovskii

    Isoenzyme analysis, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Monoclonal antibody typing

  • 79

    E. histolytica has the same morphological features as: _________ and _________

    Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba moshkovskii

  • 80

    presence of amoeba in any part of the body (exclusively applied to E. histolytica)

    Ameobiasis

  • 81

    inhabits the large intestine except for

    Entamoeba gingivalis

  • 82

    Undergoes ENCYSTATION except for E. gingivalis and Dientamoeba fragilis. ( only trophozoites form)

    True

  • 83

    Mode of transmission of Entamoeba histolytica

    Fecal-oral route

  • 84

    How is Entamoeba moshkovskii different from E. histolytica and E. dispar?

    both B and C

  • 85

    All Entamoeba are commensal except for

    Entamoeba histolytica

  • 86

    "brain-eating amoeba"

    Naegleria fowleri