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Blood and Tissue Flagellates

Blood and Tissue Flagellates
67問 • 1年前
  • ユーザ名非公開
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    is round or oval and is situated in the central part of the body

    Nucleus

  • 2

    consists of a deeply staining parabasal body and adjacent dotlike blepharoplast

    Kinetoplast

  • 3

    is a thin, hairlike structure, which originates from the blepharoplast.

    Flagellum

  • 4

    Identify what morphological form of hemoflagellates below: - round and ovoid - usually found in small groups of cyst-like collection in tissues - does not contain flagellum

    Amastigote

  • 5

    Identify what morphological form of hemoflagellates below: - Lanceolate - Elongated with Flagellum

    Promastigote

  • 6

    Identify what morphological form of hemoflagellates below: - Elongated - has undulating membrane

    Epimastigote

  • 7

    Identify what morphological form of hemoflagellates below: - Elongated and spindle shape - long slender and short stumpy - C, U, and S shaped

    Trypomastigote

  • 8

    What disease associated with Trypanosoma cruzi?

    Chaga’s Disease

  • 9

    What disease associated with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

    Gambian or West african sleeping sickness

  • 10

    What disease associated with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

    Rhodesian or East african sleeping sickeness

  • 11

    What is the vector of Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense?

    Tsetse fly

  • 12

    Trypanosoma cruzi is belong to the group______

    Stercoraria

  • 13

    What cells is heavily infected in Trypanosoma cruzi?

    Mycocytes and Reticuloendothelial system cells

  • 14

    furuncle-like lesions, inflammation at the site of inoculation and with small, painfull, reddish nodule

    Chagoma

  • 15

    edema of the eyelid if the parasite penetrates through the conjunctiva. Unilateral painless by periorbital edema, and conjunctivitis that may involve lacrimal gland and surrounding tissues

    Romaña’s sign

  • 16

    - generalized lymphadenopathy - focal or diffuse inflammation mainly affecting the myocardium

    Acute Trypanosomiasis

  • 17

    What is the primary organ affected in Chronic trypanosomiasis

    Heart

  • 18

    Which of the following conditions is associated with mega colon in chronic trypanosomiasis?

    Chronic constipation

  • 19

    What is Achalasia as mentioned in chronic trypanosomiasis?

    Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to open during swallowing

  • 20

    Which laboratory test uses Giemsa staining?

    Stained smear

  • 21

    What is the purpose of Xenodiagnosis in detecting Chagas’ disease?

    Use a laboratory animal to feed on the patient and examine for parasites

  • 22

    Which blood culture medium is used for detecting Trypanosoma cruzi?

    Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle (NNN) medium

  • 23

    Which of the following serologic test for diagnosing Chagas’ disease?

    IFAT, CFT, ELISA

  • 24

    Which advance condition can result from chronic trypanosomiasis?

    Arrhythmia

  • 25

    What symptoms occurs due to megaesophagus in chronic trypanosomiasis

    Food refluxing back to the esophagus

  • 26

    Which test specifically amplifies DNA for the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi?

    Molecular testing (PCR)

  • 27

    Which advanced conditions caused by chronic trypanosomiasis can lead to death?

    Congestive heart failure

  • 28

    How long can chronic trypanosomiasis remain asymptomatic?

    20 years or more

  • 29

    What laboratory technique uses Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle (NNN) medium

    Blood culture

  • 30

    What is the organism responsible for East African sleeping sickness?

    T. brucei rhodesiense

  • 31

    What is the vector for West African sleeping sickness?

    Tsetse fly (Glossina spp. Palpalis group)

  • 32

    Which of the following describes the course of disease for West African sleeping sickness?

    Chronic, with late central nervous system invasion

  • 33

    What is the mortality rate of East African sleeping sickness?

    High

  • 34

    Which reservoir is primarily associated with West African sleeping sickness?

    Humans

  • 35

    What is a notable feature of lymphadenopathy in West African sleeping sickness?

    Early and prominent

  • 36

    Is isolation in rodents possible for T. brucei gambiense (West African sleeping sickness)?

    No

  • 37

    Which of the following describes the parasitemia in East African sleeping sickness?

    High and appears early

  • 38

    The course of disease for T. brucei rhodesiense is chronic and may last for years.

    False

  • 39

    The vector for T. brucei gambiense is the Glossina palpalis group of tsetse flies.

    True

  • 40

    Mortality for East African sleeping sickness is lower than for West African sleeping sickness.

    False

  • 41

    East African sleeping sickness primarily involves wild and domestic animal reservoirs.

    True

  • 42

    Parasitemia in West African sleeping sickness is high and appears early.

    False

  • 43

    Name the vector under the group of Morsilan for East African sleeping sickness.

    Tsetse fly

  • 44

    What is the main reservoir for West African sleeping sickness?

    Human

  • 45

    What is the earliest sign of African trypanosomiasis?

    Chancre

  • 46

    What is Winterbottom’s sign?

    Enlargement of the posterior cervical lymph node

  • 47

    Which phase of African trypanosomiasis involves the central nervous system (CNS)?

    Chronic phase

  • 48

    What allows trypanosomes to evade the immune system?

    Antigenic variations

  • 49

    What is Kerandel’s sign associated with?

    Hyperesthesia and inversion of sleep cycle

  • 50

    The chronic phase of African trypanosomiasis involves the central nervous system (CNS).

    True

  • 51

    Antigenic variation allows the host’s immune system to recognize the trypanosome parasite easily.

    False

  • 52

    Winterbottom’s sign refers to enlargement of the posterior cervical lymph node with a ripe plum consistency.

    True

  • 53

    is a painless lesion that occurs during the chronic phase of infection.

    False

  • 54

    Kerandel’s sign is characterized by inversion of the sleep cycle and hyperesthesia.

    True

  • 55

    What etiologic agent with most common form which is cutaneous leishmaniasis?

    Leishmania tropica

  • 56

    What is the characteristic feature of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis?

    Painless lesion that do not heal spontaneously

  • 57

    disfiguring leprosy-like tissue destruction and swelling

    Tapir nose

  • 58

    What is clinical feature is associated with Visceral Leishmaniasis

    Splenomegaly and cochexia

  • 59

    Which stain is the commonly used to demonstrate amastigote in Leishmaniasis?

    Giemsa stain and Hematoxylin eosin stain

  • 60

    Which is the most reliable specimen for dignosing Visceral Leishmaniasis

    Spleen and Bone marrow aspirates

  • 61

    which is the first-line treatment for Leishmaniasis

    Sodium stibogluconate

  • 62

    What is the infective stage of leishmania to humans?

    Promastigote

  • 63

    Which medium is used for the culture of Leishmania parasites?

    Novy-Macneal-Nicolle (NNN) medium

  • 64

    Which form of Leishmaniasis can be fatal if untreated?

    Visceral Leishmaniasis

  • 65

    What drug is used as an oral treatment for Visceral Leishmaniasis?

    Miltefosine

  • 66

    What term describes the ulcerative destruction of the ear pinna seen in Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis

    chiclero ulcer

  • 67

    metastatic spread of lesion to oronasal and pharyngeal mucosa.

    Epundia

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    is round or oval and is situated in the central part of the body

    Nucleus

  • 2

    consists of a deeply staining parabasal body and adjacent dotlike blepharoplast

    Kinetoplast

  • 3

    is a thin, hairlike structure, which originates from the blepharoplast.

    Flagellum

  • 4

    Identify what morphological form of hemoflagellates below: - round and ovoid - usually found in small groups of cyst-like collection in tissues - does not contain flagellum

    Amastigote

  • 5

    Identify what morphological form of hemoflagellates below: - Lanceolate - Elongated with Flagellum

    Promastigote

  • 6

    Identify what morphological form of hemoflagellates below: - Elongated - has undulating membrane

    Epimastigote

  • 7

    Identify what morphological form of hemoflagellates below: - Elongated and spindle shape - long slender and short stumpy - C, U, and S shaped

    Trypomastigote

  • 8

    What disease associated with Trypanosoma cruzi?

    Chaga’s Disease

  • 9

    What disease associated with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

    Gambian or West african sleeping sickness

  • 10

    What disease associated with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

    Rhodesian or East african sleeping sickeness

  • 11

    What is the vector of Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense?

    Tsetse fly

  • 12

    Trypanosoma cruzi is belong to the group______

    Stercoraria

  • 13

    What cells is heavily infected in Trypanosoma cruzi?

    Mycocytes and Reticuloendothelial system cells

  • 14

    furuncle-like lesions, inflammation at the site of inoculation and with small, painfull, reddish nodule

    Chagoma

  • 15

    edema of the eyelid if the parasite penetrates through the conjunctiva. Unilateral painless by periorbital edema, and conjunctivitis that may involve lacrimal gland and surrounding tissues

    Romaña’s sign

  • 16

    - generalized lymphadenopathy - focal or diffuse inflammation mainly affecting the myocardium

    Acute Trypanosomiasis

  • 17

    What is the primary organ affected in Chronic trypanosomiasis

    Heart

  • 18

    Which of the following conditions is associated with mega colon in chronic trypanosomiasis?

    Chronic constipation

  • 19

    What is Achalasia as mentioned in chronic trypanosomiasis?

    Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to open during swallowing

  • 20

    Which laboratory test uses Giemsa staining?

    Stained smear

  • 21

    What is the purpose of Xenodiagnosis in detecting Chagas’ disease?

    Use a laboratory animal to feed on the patient and examine for parasites

  • 22

    Which blood culture medium is used for detecting Trypanosoma cruzi?

    Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle (NNN) medium

  • 23

    Which of the following serologic test for diagnosing Chagas’ disease?

    IFAT, CFT, ELISA

  • 24

    Which advance condition can result from chronic trypanosomiasis?

    Arrhythmia

  • 25

    What symptoms occurs due to megaesophagus in chronic trypanosomiasis

    Food refluxing back to the esophagus

  • 26

    Which test specifically amplifies DNA for the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi?

    Molecular testing (PCR)

  • 27

    Which advanced conditions caused by chronic trypanosomiasis can lead to death?

    Congestive heart failure

  • 28

    How long can chronic trypanosomiasis remain asymptomatic?

    20 years or more

  • 29

    What laboratory technique uses Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle (NNN) medium

    Blood culture

  • 30

    What is the organism responsible for East African sleeping sickness?

    T. brucei rhodesiense

  • 31

    What is the vector for West African sleeping sickness?

    Tsetse fly (Glossina spp. Palpalis group)

  • 32

    Which of the following describes the course of disease for West African sleeping sickness?

    Chronic, with late central nervous system invasion

  • 33

    What is the mortality rate of East African sleeping sickness?

    High

  • 34

    Which reservoir is primarily associated with West African sleeping sickness?

    Humans

  • 35

    What is a notable feature of lymphadenopathy in West African sleeping sickness?

    Early and prominent

  • 36

    Is isolation in rodents possible for T. brucei gambiense (West African sleeping sickness)?

    No

  • 37

    Which of the following describes the parasitemia in East African sleeping sickness?

    High and appears early

  • 38

    The course of disease for T. brucei rhodesiense is chronic and may last for years.

    False

  • 39

    The vector for T. brucei gambiense is the Glossina palpalis group of tsetse flies.

    True

  • 40

    Mortality for East African sleeping sickness is lower than for West African sleeping sickness.

    False

  • 41

    East African sleeping sickness primarily involves wild and domestic animal reservoirs.

    True

  • 42

    Parasitemia in West African sleeping sickness is high and appears early.

    False

  • 43

    Name the vector under the group of Morsilan for East African sleeping sickness.

    Tsetse fly

  • 44

    What is the main reservoir for West African sleeping sickness?

    Human

  • 45

    What is the earliest sign of African trypanosomiasis?

    Chancre

  • 46

    What is Winterbottom’s sign?

    Enlargement of the posterior cervical lymph node

  • 47

    Which phase of African trypanosomiasis involves the central nervous system (CNS)?

    Chronic phase

  • 48

    What allows trypanosomes to evade the immune system?

    Antigenic variations

  • 49

    What is Kerandel’s sign associated with?

    Hyperesthesia and inversion of sleep cycle

  • 50

    The chronic phase of African trypanosomiasis involves the central nervous system (CNS).

    True

  • 51

    Antigenic variation allows the host’s immune system to recognize the trypanosome parasite easily.

    False

  • 52

    Winterbottom’s sign refers to enlargement of the posterior cervical lymph node with a ripe plum consistency.

    True

  • 53

    is a painless lesion that occurs during the chronic phase of infection.

    False

  • 54

    Kerandel’s sign is characterized by inversion of the sleep cycle and hyperesthesia.

    True

  • 55

    What etiologic agent with most common form which is cutaneous leishmaniasis?

    Leishmania tropica

  • 56

    What is the characteristic feature of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis?

    Painless lesion that do not heal spontaneously

  • 57

    disfiguring leprosy-like tissue destruction and swelling

    Tapir nose

  • 58

    What is clinical feature is associated with Visceral Leishmaniasis

    Splenomegaly and cochexia

  • 59

    Which stain is the commonly used to demonstrate amastigote in Leishmaniasis?

    Giemsa stain and Hematoxylin eosin stain

  • 60

    Which is the most reliable specimen for dignosing Visceral Leishmaniasis

    Spleen and Bone marrow aspirates

  • 61

    which is the first-line treatment for Leishmaniasis

    Sodium stibogluconate

  • 62

    What is the infective stage of leishmania to humans?

    Promastigote

  • 63

    Which medium is used for the culture of Leishmania parasites?

    Novy-Macneal-Nicolle (NNN) medium

  • 64

    Which form of Leishmaniasis can be fatal if untreated?

    Visceral Leishmaniasis

  • 65

    What drug is used as an oral treatment for Visceral Leishmaniasis?

    Miltefosine

  • 66

    What term describes the ulcerative destruction of the ear pinna seen in Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis

    chiclero ulcer

  • 67

    metastatic spread of lesion to oronasal and pharyngeal mucosa.

    Epundia