問題一覧
1
▪Developed during the rebirth of classical art and learning in Europe. Initially characterized by the use of the classical
orders, round arches, and symmetrical proportions.
Renaissance (1420-1550)
2
▪ Period of learning designers were intent on
the accurate Roman elements.
▪ Leading Architects were Brunelleschi,
Michelozzo, and Alberti.
Early Renaissance or Quattrocento
3
• Renaissance became an individual style in its own
right
• Mannerists used architectural elements in a free,
decorative and illogical way, unsanctioned by
antique precedent
High Renaissance or Proto Baroque
4
▪ Architects worked with freedom knowledge.
▪ The true nature of Renaissance as a distinctive
style began to emerge
▪ _______ saw architecture, painting, sculpture and
the minor arts being used in harmony to produce
the unified whole
▪ Churrigueresque refers to Spanish _____
Baroque
5
▪ Style which is primarily French in origin
▪ Rock-like forms, fantastic scrolls, and crimped
shells
▪ Profuse, often semi-abstract ornamentation
▪ Light in color and weight
Rococo
6
• Use of Symmetry, Geometry and Proportion
• Grandeur obtained through simplicity
• Less or No use of Towers and more use of Domes
• Interiors planned according to the principles of Roman
ArchitectureGrandeur obtained through simplicity
plans
7
• Constructed of Ashlar Masonry
• Stucco or Plaster were often used as Facing Materials
• Angles of Buildings were built in unsmoothed stone
• Gable ends of Churches and Buildings were made as
pediments with low pitch.
walls
8
Door and Window openings are Semi Circular or Square headed. Constructed according to climate. Classic System of Molded Architrave as Revived.
openings
9
Simple Roman Vaults without Ribs. The shafts of Columns were fluted spirally. Rusticated and Ornamented with Foliage and Fruits.
roofing and columns
10
Architectural Character of renaissance.
Symmetry, proportion, geometry
11
His design was selected from several entries in a competition. He proposed a Greek cross plan and a dome similar to the Pantheon in Rome
Donatello Bramante
12
A student of Bramante, designed the Pauline Chapel
Giuliano da Sangallo
13
Strengthening the foundation
Fra Giocondo
14
Proposed a Latin cross plan
Raphael Santi
15
Reverted to Greek cross
Baldassare Peruzzi
16
Slightly altered plan – extended vestibule and campanile, and elaborated the central dome.
Antonio da Sangallo
17
Undertook the project at 72 years old - present building owes most of its outstanding features to him. Greek-cross Plan and strengthen the Dome.
Michelangelo Bounarotti
18
Designed the cupola
Giacomo della Porta
19
Completed the dome in 1590
Domenico Fontana
20
Added sided cupolas or side domes
Vignola
21
Lengthened nave to form Latin cross and built the gigantic façade
Carlo Maderna
22
Added the Cathedra Petri, and the Bronze Baldaccino.
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
23
he turn it back to greek cross plan.
Michelangelo Bounarotti
24
who proposed this latin cross plan?
Raphael Santi
25
who proposed this greek cross plan?
Donatello Bramante
26
what is the style the church shown above?
romanesque
27
what is the vertical bar between the tunnel of glass in the window usually found in gothic fenestration?
tracery
28
A reaction against the classical perfection of the High
Renaissance; it either responded with a rigorous
application of classical rules, or flaunted classical
convention, in terms of scale and shape.
mannerism
29
What type of style is this structure?
early renaissance
30
What type of style is this?
high renaissance
31
What type of style shown in the picture?
early renaissance
32
What type of style shown in the picture?
mannerism
33
What type of style shown in the picture?
high renaissance
34
What type of style shown in the picture?
mannerism
35
What type of style shown in the picture?
early renaissance
36
What type of style shown in the picture?
baroque
37
What type of style shown in the picture?
mannerism
38
a singer’s gallery or “choir”.
cantoria
39
a brown stone more suitable for exterior
work.
pieta forte
40
several steps going up & 3 steps going down before the principal
flooring o an Italian palace.
piano nobile
41
a blue grey stone of fine quality.
pietra serena
42
Italian name for internal court surrounded by an arcade.
cortile
43
a treatment of façade without column.
astylar
44
a lump or knob, projected ornament at the intersection of the ribs of a ceiling.
boss
45
a method of forming a stone work w/ roughened surface
& recessed joints.
rustication
46
vertical stripe of a rusticated masonry.
chaines
47
or Swag or Festoon, twisted band, garland or chaplet representing
flowers, fruits, leaves for decoration.
wreath
48
contains spiral wind band or ― volutes’.
scroll
49
hard stone or brick used w/ similar ones to reinforce an external
corner or edge of a wall.
quions
50
Amiens Cathedral
51
A lancette
52
rayonnant
53
Flamboyant
54
Worcester Cathedral. (Early English)
55
Westminster Abbey. (Decorated)
56
Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, England. (Perpendicular Gothic)
57
Salisbury Cathedral
58
Wells Cathedral
59
Windsor Castle
60
Amiens Cathedral
61
Reims cathedral
62
Chartres Cathedral
63
Notre dame, paris
64
Ulm Cathedral (Regarded as the tallest cathedral in Germany.)
65
An underground chamber or vault used as a burial
place, esp. one beneath the main floor of a church.
crypt
66
An arcaded story in a church, between
the nave arches and clerestory and
coresponding to the space between the
vaulting and the roof of an aisle.
triforium
67
A circular window, usually of stained glass
and decorated with tracery symmetrical
about the center.
rose window
68
A small porch used as a chapel
for penitents at the west
end of some medieval English
churches. Also, _____ porch.
galilee
69
An inclined bar of masonry carried on a segmental
arch and transmitting an outward and downward
thrust from a roof or vault to a solid buttress that
through its mass transforms the thrust into a
vertical one. Also caled arc-boutant.
flying buttress
70
A subordinate vertical structure
terminating in a pyramid or spire, used
esp. in Gothic architecture to add
weight to a buttress pier.
pinnacle
71
The part of a pier that rises to take
the thrust of a flying buttress.
buttress pier
72
A sloping top on a buttress or
projecting pier to shed rainwater.
amortizement
73
A vault constructed of structural arched stone
members or ribs with an infill of masonry.
rib or ribbed vault
74
A rib crossing a compartment of a rib vault on a diagonal.
diagonal rib
75
A horizontal rib marking the crown of a vaulting
compartment.
ridge rib
76
An ornamental, knob-like projection at the intersection of ogives.
boss
77
A tertiary rib in a vault often for decorative rather than
structural purposes.
lierne
78
A subsidiary rib which connects a point on the ridge rib or central boss with one of the main springers or supports.
tierceron
79
which empire rule across northern mesopotamian?
assyrian
80
which classification was actually influence by the pre-historic dwelling was erectec in a short elevation because of the composition of the earth?
geological
81
which era is the medieval ages
middle ages
82
what is the tallest gothic church in the largest cathedral in france?
amiens cathedral
83
because of the pointed arch exert less out ward pressure it allows to the construction of what kind of space in a gothic church?
triforium
84
what is the name of the church shown in the illustration?
milan cathedral
85
Romanesque buildings are
often of massive thickness
with few and
comparatively small
openings. They are often
double shells, filled with
rubble.
walls
86
a row of arches
supporting the _____ of
the churches.
vaulting
87
Romanesque _____ are
generally of flat square profile
and do not project a great deal
beyond the wall. In the case of
aisled churches, barrel vaults,
or half-barrel vaults over the
aisles helped to _____ the
nave, if it was vaulted.
buttresses
88
The _____ used in
Romanesque architecture
are nearly always
semicircular, for
______ such as doors
and windows, for vaults
and for arcades.
ARCHES and OPENINGS.
89
In Romanesque
architecture, _____ were
often employed to support
arches.
piers
90
The door, or ____, of a
temple or sanctuary
carries in itself a powerful
symbolism.
ROMANESQUE PORTALS.
91
designed by Dioti Salvi
BAPTISTERY
92
Campanile
a circular structure 52 feet in
diameter
ornamented with eight stories of
arcades
During its erection the
foundations gave way, thus
causing the tower to lean about
11 feet from the vertical
Bonanno Pisano
93
is the wall-walk found at the top of a curtain wall and is
normally found on the inside of the wall. This allowed guards to look
over the top of the wall to look for enemies.
Allure
94
An important function of a castle was to store weapons for use in war or in times of attack. They needed to be protected so that they didn't fall into enemy hands.
Armory
95
As part of the Motte and ____ castle, the bailey was the area next to the motte (mound) that was enclosed by a ditch and palisade.
baily
96
It was very common for there to be a chapel built within the keep or within the
bailey of the castle.
chapel
97
is a masonry wall that divides the keep in two.
cross-wall
98
This refers to the outer wall of a castle. Technically it means the sections of wall
between the towers, but generally it refers to the entire wall including the
towers.
curtain wall
99
are the most common form of defense at a castle. Dug around the
outside the walls and the resulting earth used to create banks.
ditches
100
The passage built into the thickness of the walls that runs around the upper
part of the hall of a keep is usually known as a gallery.
galleries
thoa
thoa
Scarlet Fox · 57問 · 1年前thoa
thoa
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thoa
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GE15 Environmental Science
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12 architects
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12 architects
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renaissances architects
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renaissances architects
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what is this style of a bulding? renaissance
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Scarlet Fox · 12問 · 1年前terminologies
terminologies
12問 • 1年前問題一覧
1
▪Developed during the rebirth of classical art and learning in Europe. Initially characterized by the use of the classical
orders, round arches, and symmetrical proportions.
Renaissance (1420-1550)
2
▪ Period of learning designers were intent on
the accurate Roman elements.
▪ Leading Architects were Brunelleschi,
Michelozzo, and Alberti.
Early Renaissance or Quattrocento
3
• Renaissance became an individual style in its own
right
• Mannerists used architectural elements in a free,
decorative and illogical way, unsanctioned by
antique precedent
High Renaissance or Proto Baroque
4
▪ Architects worked with freedom knowledge.
▪ The true nature of Renaissance as a distinctive
style began to emerge
▪ _______ saw architecture, painting, sculpture and
the minor arts being used in harmony to produce
the unified whole
▪ Churrigueresque refers to Spanish _____
Baroque
5
▪ Style which is primarily French in origin
▪ Rock-like forms, fantastic scrolls, and crimped
shells
▪ Profuse, often semi-abstract ornamentation
▪ Light in color and weight
Rococo
6
• Use of Symmetry, Geometry and Proportion
• Grandeur obtained through simplicity
• Less or No use of Towers and more use of Domes
• Interiors planned according to the principles of Roman
ArchitectureGrandeur obtained through simplicity
plans
7
• Constructed of Ashlar Masonry
• Stucco or Plaster were often used as Facing Materials
• Angles of Buildings were built in unsmoothed stone
• Gable ends of Churches and Buildings were made as
pediments with low pitch.
walls
8
Door and Window openings are Semi Circular or Square headed. Constructed according to climate. Classic System of Molded Architrave as Revived.
openings
9
Simple Roman Vaults without Ribs. The shafts of Columns were fluted spirally. Rusticated and Ornamented with Foliage and Fruits.
roofing and columns
10
Architectural Character of renaissance.
Symmetry, proportion, geometry
11
His design was selected from several entries in a competition. He proposed a Greek cross plan and a dome similar to the Pantheon in Rome
Donatello Bramante
12
A student of Bramante, designed the Pauline Chapel
Giuliano da Sangallo
13
Strengthening the foundation
Fra Giocondo
14
Proposed a Latin cross plan
Raphael Santi
15
Reverted to Greek cross
Baldassare Peruzzi
16
Slightly altered plan – extended vestibule and campanile, and elaborated the central dome.
Antonio da Sangallo
17
Undertook the project at 72 years old - present building owes most of its outstanding features to him. Greek-cross Plan and strengthen the Dome.
Michelangelo Bounarotti
18
Designed the cupola
Giacomo della Porta
19
Completed the dome in 1590
Domenico Fontana
20
Added sided cupolas or side domes
Vignola
21
Lengthened nave to form Latin cross and built the gigantic façade
Carlo Maderna
22
Added the Cathedra Petri, and the Bronze Baldaccino.
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
23
he turn it back to greek cross plan.
Michelangelo Bounarotti
24
who proposed this latin cross plan?
Raphael Santi
25
who proposed this greek cross plan?
Donatello Bramante
26
what is the style the church shown above?
romanesque
27
what is the vertical bar between the tunnel of glass in the window usually found in gothic fenestration?
tracery
28
A reaction against the classical perfection of the High
Renaissance; it either responded with a rigorous
application of classical rules, or flaunted classical
convention, in terms of scale and shape.
mannerism
29
What type of style is this structure?
early renaissance
30
What type of style is this?
high renaissance
31
What type of style shown in the picture?
early renaissance
32
What type of style shown in the picture?
mannerism
33
What type of style shown in the picture?
high renaissance
34
What type of style shown in the picture?
mannerism
35
What type of style shown in the picture?
early renaissance
36
What type of style shown in the picture?
baroque
37
What type of style shown in the picture?
mannerism
38
a singer’s gallery or “choir”.
cantoria
39
a brown stone more suitable for exterior
work.
pieta forte
40
several steps going up & 3 steps going down before the principal
flooring o an Italian palace.
piano nobile
41
a blue grey stone of fine quality.
pietra serena
42
Italian name for internal court surrounded by an arcade.
cortile
43
a treatment of façade without column.
astylar
44
a lump or knob, projected ornament at the intersection of the ribs of a ceiling.
boss
45
a method of forming a stone work w/ roughened surface
& recessed joints.
rustication
46
vertical stripe of a rusticated masonry.
chaines
47
or Swag or Festoon, twisted band, garland or chaplet representing
flowers, fruits, leaves for decoration.
wreath
48
contains spiral wind band or ― volutes’.
scroll
49
hard stone or brick used w/ similar ones to reinforce an external
corner or edge of a wall.
quions
50
Amiens Cathedral
51
A lancette
52
rayonnant
53
Flamboyant
54
Worcester Cathedral. (Early English)
55
Westminster Abbey. (Decorated)
56
Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, England. (Perpendicular Gothic)
57
Salisbury Cathedral
58
Wells Cathedral
59
Windsor Castle
60
Amiens Cathedral
61
Reims cathedral
62
Chartres Cathedral
63
Notre dame, paris
64
Ulm Cathedral (Regarded as the tallest cathedral in Germany.)
65
An underground chamber or vault used as a burial
place, esp. one beneath the main floor of a church.
crypt
66
An arcaded story in a church, between
the nave arches and clerestory and
coresponding to the space between the
vaulting and the roof of an aisle.
triforium
67
A circular window, usually of stained glass
and decorated with tracery symmetrical
about the center.
rose window
68
A small porch used as a chapel
for penitents at the west
end of some medieval English
churches. Also, _____ porch.
galilee
69
An inclined bar of masonry carried on a segmental
arch and transmitting an outward and downward
thrust from a roof or vault to a solid buttress that
through its mass transforms the thrust into a
vertical one. Also caled arc-boutant.
flying buttress
70
A subordinate vertical structure
terminating in a pyramid or spire, used
esp. in Gothic architecture to add
weight to a buttress pier.
pinnacle
71
The part of a pier that rises to take
the thrust of a flying buttress.
buttress pier
72
A sloping top on a buttress or
projecting pier to shed rainwater.
amortizement
73
A vault constructed of structural arched stone
members or ribs with an infill of masonry.
rib or ribbed vault
74
A rib crossing a compartment of a rib vault on a diagonal.
diagonal rib
75
A horizontal rib marking the crown of a vaulting
compartment.
ridge rib
76
An ornamental, knob-like projection at the intersection of ogives.
boss
77
A tertiary rib in a vault often for decorative rather than
structural purposes.
lierne
78
A subsidiary rib which connects a point on the ridge rib or central boss with one of the main springers or supports.
tierceron
79
which empire rule across northern mesopotamian?
assyrian
80
which classification was actually influence by the pre-historic dwelling was erectec in a short elevation because of the composition of the earth?
geological
81
which era is the medieval ages
middle ages
82
what is the tallest gothic church in the largest cathedral in france?
amiens cathedral
83
because of the pointed arch exert less out ward pressure it allows to the construction of what kind of space in a gothic church?
triforium
84
what is the name of the church shown in the illustration?
milan cathedral
85
Romanesque buildings are
often of massive thickness
with few and
comparatively small
openings. They are often
double shells, filled with
rubble.
walls
86
a row of arches
supporting the _____ of
the churches.
vaulting
87
Romanesque _____ are
generally of flat square profile
and do not project a great deal
beyond the wall. In the case of
aisled churches, barrel vaults,
or half-barrel vaults over the
aisles helped to _____ the
nave, if it was vaulted.
buttresses
88
The _____ used in
Romanesque architecture
are nearly always
semicircular, for
______ such as doors
and windows, for vaults
and for arcades.
ARCHES and OPENINGS.
89
In Romanesque
architecture, _____ were
often employed to support
arches.
piers
90
The door, or ____, of a
temple or sanctuary
carries in itself a powerful
symbolism.
ROMANESQUE PORTALS.
91
designed by Dioti Salvi
BAPTISTERY
92
Campanile
a circular structure 52 feet in
diameter
ornamented with eight stories of
arcades
During its erection the
foundations gave way, thus
causing the tower to lean about
11 feet from the vertical
Bonanno Pisano
93
is the wall-walk found at the top of a curtain wall and is
normally found on the inside of the wall. This allowed guards to look
over the top of the wall to look for enemies.
Allure
94
An important function of a castle was to store weapons for use in war or in times of attack. They needed to be protected so that they didn't fall into enemy hands.
Armory
95
As part of the Motte and ____ castle, the bailey was the area next to the motte (mound) that was enclosed by a ditch and palisade.
baily
96
It was very common for there to be a chapel built within the keep or within the
bailey of the castle.
chapel
97
is a masonry wall that divides the keep in two.
cross-wall
98
This refers to the outer wall of a castle. Technically it means the sections of wall
between the towers, but generally it refers to the entire wall including the
towers.
curtain wall
99
are the most common form of defense at a castle. Dug around the
outside the walls and the resulting earth used to create banks.
ditches
100
The passage built into the thickness of the walls that runs around the upper
part of the hall of a keep is usually known as a gallery.
galleries