PURPOSIVE: LESSON 2

31問 • 1年前

問題一覧

is being able to speak with people in your immediate vicinity. It may be written in your mother tongue or another language that is widely used in your community.

Local Communication

is the term used to describe ways to connect, share, relate and mobilize across geographic, political, economic, social and cultural divides.

Global Communication

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION IN MULTICULTURAL SETTINGS

MULTI -CULTURAL CROSS -CULTURAL INTERCULTURAL

refers to a society that contains several cultural or ethnic groups. People live alongside one another, but each cultural group does not necessarily have engaging interactions with each other.

Multicultural

refers to the comparison, interaction, or collaboration between individuals or groups from different cultural backgrounds. This term is often used to describe situations where people from diverse cultures come into contact, emphasizing the examination of similarities and differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, communication styles, and other cultural elements.

Cross-cultural

refers to interactions or communication that occur between individuals or groups from different cultural backgrounds. This term emphasizes the exchange and engagement between people with diverse cultural perspectives, values, and norms.

Intercultural

cultures take into account the background information of the sender and receiver when comprehending messages. Nonverbal cues are very important and more often control how the message is understood than verbal cues, which may be more indirect than direct.

High-context cultures

cultures prefer direct over indirect communication. They may not put too much value on the non-verbal cues present in the communication. Relationships do not seem to play a significant role in the communication process.

Low-context cultures

refers to the choices people make and the strategies or tools they use in the process of communication.

Communication style

COMMUNICATION STYLES

DIRECT SYSTEMATIC SPIRITED CONSIDERATE

High Expressiveness + High Assertiveness

SPIRITED

High Expressiveness + Low Assertiveness

CONSIDERATE

Low Expressiveness + High Assertiveness

DIRECT

Low Expressiveness + Low Assertiveness

SYSTEMATIC

refers to the diverse ways in which a particular language is used and spoken by different groups of people. It encompasses variations in vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, and other linguistic elements within a language. Language variety can be influenced by factors such as geographical location, social context, cultural influences, and historical developments.

Language variety

Language Varieties also called_____these refer to the different variants of a language that can be sufficiently delimited from one another in terms of social, historical, or geospatial factors, thus forming language clusters.

lects

It refers to a new language that develops into situations where speakers of different languages need to communicate but do not share a common language.

Pidgin

It is a pidgin that becomes the first language of the children or the mother tongue of a certain community.

Creole

It is not a language that is not distinct from a national language, but rather a variety of a language spoken in a particular area of a country

Regional Dialect

Social variety. It refers to a variety of languages that is shared by every individual as members of the speech community. A speech community is a community whose members share at least a single variety and the norms for its appropriate use.

Social Variety

refers to the linguistic characteristics, expressions, and usage specific to individuals who have acquired a particular language as their first language, typically during early childhood

Native language variety

pertains to the linguistic expressions and characteristics exhibited by individuals who have acquired a language later in life or as an additional language, distinct from their first or native language.

Non-native language variety

This is a variety used as a marker of identity, usually alongside a standard variety, by the members of a particular minority ethnic group.

Minority Dialect

These are spoken mainly as second languages in former colonies with multilingual populations.

Indigenized Varieties

is characterized by the way a speaker uses language differently in different social circumstances. These are determined by such factors as social atmosphere, purpose of communication, audience, and the general context of the discourse.

Language register

FIVE LANGUAGE REGISTERS

Formal Casual Intimate Frozen Consultative

These registers are used in professional, academic, or legal settings where communication is expected to be respectful, uninterrupted, and restrained to specific rules. Slang is never used, and contractions are rare.

Formal

These registers are used when communicating with friends, close acquaintances, colleagues, and family members. These are used in birthday parties or family gatherings.

Casual

registers are reserved for special occasions, usually between only two people and often in private.

Intimate

It refers to historic language that is intended to remain unchanged.

Frozen

It is used in conversations when people are speaking with someone who has specialized knowledge or is offering advice. Tone is often respectful, such as the use of honorifics or courtesy titles, but may be more casual if the relationship between or among the communicators is friendly.

Consultative

HRM: CHAPTER 8

WENDY FEDELIN · 19問 · 1年前

HRM: CHAPTER 8