問題一覧
1
In the year A.D. 80, the Colosseum opened with what must stand as quite the longest and most disgusting mass binge in history. . . . Various sorts of large-scale slaughter, both of animals and men, were appreciatively watched by the
Emperor Titus ruled Vespasian
2
Titus was quite happy footing the enormous bill just as he and his father, the imperial ______, had already footed the bill for building this vast arena. Such payments were the privilege of power.1
Vespasian
3
One would expect a chronological study to begin by examining the play of prehistoric peoples during the ______ and ______ epochs. However, relatively little is known about the nature of leisure and play in these early periods.
Paleolithic Neolithic
4
The game of ______, widely practiced in Central America centuries ago, is an example of such a contest. ______ courts were about 200 feet long and 30 feet wide and were situated near temples.
tachtli
5
The rubber ball used in the ancient game symbolized the ____, and by making it carom across the court, players hoped to perpetuate the daily arc of the heavenly sphere. . . . _______was no schoolyard shoot-around: Win or lose, the athletes played forkeeps. . . .[I]npre-Columbiangames,membersofthelosingteamwerecommonly offered up for ritual sacrifice, their hearts cut out with blades of razor sharp obsidian. That’s one way to shorten the post-game interviews.3
sun Mesoamerican ball
6
Among such southwestern Native American tribes as the ____,____ , or _____, shamans or medicine men practiced healing rites that made use of chanting, storytelling, dancing, sacred kachina dolls, and elaborate, multicolored sand paintings.
Navajo, Zuni, Hopi
7
a period ranging from May 1986 to June 1987, archaeologists at the early Neolithic site of _____ in _____ province, China, uncovered 25 flutes between 7,000 and 9,000 years old. Most of the flutes were found at grave sites.
Jiahu, Henan
8
The flutes, which were made of bone, contain _____ that correspond to a scale similar to the Western ______. This tone scale indicates that musicians living in 7000 B.C. could compose and play music.
7 holes Western 8 note scale
9
Recreation and Leisure in ancient civilizations
Thus, in the ________of the first civilizations that developed in the _______ during the five millennia before the Christian era, we find for the first time in history a leisure class.
Aristocrasy Middle East
10
Ancient Egypt
This civilization, which lasted from about 5000 B.C. well into the Roman era, was richly recorded in _______,_____,______.
paintings, statuary and hieroglyphic records
11
Ancient Eygypt
. Groups of ________ were attached to tenples, and the royal houses had troupes of entertainers who performed on _____________.
12
5 Ancient Civilizations
(1) Ancient Eygypt (2) Ancient Assyria and Babylonia (3) Ancient Israel (4) Ancient Greece (5) Ancient Rome
13
The land known as the ________ between two great rivers, the _____ and the ________, was ruled by two powerful empires, _____ in the north and _____ in the south.
fertile crescent Tigris and Euphrates Assyria Babylon
14
These kingdoms were in power for approximately 26 centuries, from about 2900 B.C. until the invasion by the ___________.
Alexander the Great in 330 B.C.
15
the nobles of Assyria went ______ in _____,______, and ____. The chase was a daily occupation, recorded for history in numerous reliefs, sculptures, and inscriptions.
lion hunting chariots, foot and spears
16
As early as the ninth century B.C., parks were established as sites for ________. They also provided settings for feasts, assemblies, and royal gatherings. On the estates of other monarchs during the ninth and tenth centuries B.C. were ______,_____ and the ________
royal party huntings vineyards, fishponds and the famed hanging gardens of Babylon
17
Although there are no wall reliefs or paintings to tell of dance as performed by the ancient Hebrews, there are abundant references to this practice in the ______. Dance was highly respected and was particularly used on occasions of celebration and triumph
Old Testament
18
Like other ancient societies, the ancient Hebrews also engaged in hunting, fishing, wrestling, and the use of such weapons as the _____ and ______ for both recreational and defensive purposes. As for leisure itself, their major contribution was to set aside the seventh day—the ______—as a time for people to rest from work and to worship.
sword and javelin Sabbath
19
Ancient Greece
In the city-states of ancient Greece, particularly in Athens during the so-called _________ from about 500 to 400 B.C., humankind reached a new peak of philosophical and cultural development.
Golden Age of Pericles
20
The amenities of life were generally restricted to the most wealthy and powerful citizens, who represented the Athenian ideal of the balanced man—a combined soldier, athlete, artist, statesman, and philosopher. This ideal was furthered through education and the various religious festivals, which occupied about 70 days of the year. The arts of ______, ______, _____, gymnastics, and athletic competition were combined in these sacred competitions
music, poetry, theater games
21
Greek Philosophy of Recreation and Leisure
_______ believed that education should be compulsory and that it should provide natural modes of amusement for children:
_______ should begin with the right direction of children’s sports. The plays of childhood have a great deal to do with the maintenance or nonmaintenance of laws.5
Plato Education
22
The Romans, however, had a different concept of leisure than the Greeks. Although the Latin words for “leisure” and “business” are,
otium and negotium
23
the Romans supported play for _____ rather than aesthetic or spiritual reasons.
utilatarian reasons
24
Romans were citizens and free men, shifted to an urban life with sharply divided classes. There were four social levels:
senator, curiae, plebs and coloni
25
Gradually it became necessary for the Roman emperors and senate to amuse and entertain the plebs; they did so with doles of grain and with public games—in other words
breads and circuses
26
the time of Emperor Tiberius (A.D. 14–37), competitive sport in the Roman Empire had become completely commercialized. To maintain political popularity and placate the bored masses, the emperors and the senate provided _______,______ and _____.
great paradise, circuses and feasts
27
The Roman games featured contests that were fought to the death between gladiators using _____, ______ and _____. Even sea battles were fought in artificially constructed lakes in the Roman arenas. Imported wild beasts, such as tigers and elephants
foot, horseback, chariots
28
Christians, in particular, were slaughtered in such games. Tacitus wrote that many were dressed in the skins of wild beasts, and exposed to be torn to pieces by dogs in the public games, were _____ , or condemned to be _____ and at nightfall serve in place of lamps to light the darkness, Nero’s own gardens being used for the purpose.6
crucified, burnt
29
Both animals and humans were maimed and butchered in cruel and horrible ways. Spectacles were often lewd and obscene, leading to mass ______, ______ , and _____ that profoundly weakened the Roman state.
debauchery, corruption and perversion
30
ruled that the rite of baptism could not be extended to those connected with the stage, and in
Council of Elvira
31
A.D. 398 the ________ excommunicated those who attended the theater on holy days.
Council of Carthage
32
The influential Benedictine order in particular insisted on the dignity of labor. Their rule read, “Idleness is the great enemy of the soul. Therefore, _.......
Idleness is the great enemy of the soul. Therefore monks should always be occupied either in manual labor or in sacred readings.
THC1104 - MIDTERMS FESTIVALS
THC1104 - MIDTERMS FESTIVALS
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 25問 · 1年前THC1104 - MIDTERMS FESTIVALS
THC1104 - MIDTERMS FESTIVALS
25問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
THC1104 - ATTRACTIONS
THC1104 - ATTRACTIONS
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 18問 · 1年前THC1104 - ATTRACTIONS
THC1104 - ATTRACTIONS
18問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Data Collection
Data Collection
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 15問 · 1年前Data Collection
Data Collection
15問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Mendeley
Mendeley
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 7問 · 1年前Mendeley
Mendeley
7問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Statistical Treatment of Data
Statistical Treatment of Data
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 14問 · 1年前Statistical Treatment of Data
Statistical Treatment of Data
14問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Statistical Test in Hypothesis
Statistical Test in Hypothesis
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 7問 · 1年前Statistical Test in Hypothesis
Statistical Test in Hypothesis
7問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
TAGLINES NCR
TAGLINES NCR
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 15問 · 1年前TAGLINES NCR
TAGLINES NCR
15問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Capitals
Capitals
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 17問 · 1年前Capitals
Capitals
17問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Capitals R (I,II,III,IV-A,IV-B,V)
Capitals R (I,II,III,IV-A,IV-B,V)
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 43問 · 1年前Capitals R (I,II,III,IV-A,IV-B,V)
Capitals R (I,II,III,IV-A,IV-B,V)
43問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Recreation, Leisure and Sports
Recreation, Leisure and Sports
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 25問 · 1年前Recreation, Leisure and Sports
Recreation, Leisure and Sports
25問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
SPA History and Types
SPA History and Types
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 13問 · 1年前SPA History and Types
SPA History and Types
13問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
10 Articles
10 Articles
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 10問 · 1年前10 Articles
10 Articles
10問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Top Ten Global Trends for 2011
Top Ten Global Trends for 2011
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 10問 · 1年前Top Ten Global Trends for 2011
Top Ten Global Trends for 2011
10問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
10 Articles and Definitions
10 Articles and Definitions
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 19問 · 1年前10 Articles and Definitions
10 Articles and Definitions
19問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Pasttimes in the Middle Ages
Pasttimes in the Middle Ages
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 14問 · 1年前Pasttimes in the Middle Ages
Pasttimes in the Middle Ages
14問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
SDG GOALS
SDG GOALS
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 21問 · 1年前SDG GOALS
SDG GOALS
21問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
Defintion of SDG Goals
Defintion of SDG Goals
a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel · 20問 · 1年前Defintion of SDG Goals
Defintion of SDG Goals
20問 • 1年前a consecrated person to Saint Michael the Archangel
問題一覧
1
In the year A.D. 80, the Colosseum opened with what must stand as quite the longest and most disgusting mass binge in history. . . . Various sorts of large-scale slaughter, both of animals and men, were appreciatively watched by the
Emperor Titus ruled Vespasian
2
Titus was quite happy footing the enormous bill just as he and his father, the imperial ______, had already footed the bill for building this vast arena. Such payments were the privilege of power.1
Vespasian
3
One would expect a chronological study to begin by examining the play of prehistoric peoples during the ______ and ______ epochs. However, relatively little is known about the nature of leisure and play in these early periods.
Paleolithic Neolithic
4
The game of ______, widely practiced in Central America centuries ago, is an example of such a contest. ______ courts were about 200 feet long and 30 feet wide and were situated near temples.
tachtli
5
The rubber ball used in the ancient game symbolized the ____, and by making it carom across the court, players hoped to perpetuate the daily arc of the heavenly sphere. . . . _______was no schoolyard shoot-around: Win or lose, the athletes played forkeeps. . . .[I]npre-Columbiangames,membersofthelosingteamwerecommonly offered up for ritual sacrifice, their hearts cut out with blades of razor sharp obsidian. That’s one way to shorten the post-game interviews.3
sun Mesoamerican ball
6
Among such southwestern Native American tribes as the ____,____ , or _____, shamans or medicine men practiced healing rites that made use of chanting, storytelling, dancing, sacred kachina dolls, and elaborate, multicolored sand paintings.
Navajo, Zuni, Hopi
7
a period ranging from May 1986 to June 1987, archaeologists at the early Neolithic site of _____ in _____ province, China, uncovered 25 flutes between 7,000 and 9,000 years old. Most of the flutes were found at grave sites.
Jiahu, Henan
8
The flutes, which were made of bone, contain _____ that correspond to a scale similar to the Western ______. This tone scale indicates that musicians living in 7000 B.C. could compose and play music.
7 holes Western 8 note scale
9
Recreation and Leisure in ancient civilizations
Thus, in the ________of the first civilizations that developed in the _______ during the five millennia before the Christian era, we find for the first time in history a leisure class.
Aristocrasy Middle East
10
Ancient Egypt
This civilization, which lasted from about 5000 B.C. well into the Roman era, was richly recorded in _______,_____,______.
paintings, statuary and hieroglyphic records
11
Ancient Eygypt
. Groups of ________ were attached to tenples, and the royal houses had troupes of entertainers who performed on _____________.
12
5 Ancient Civilizations
(1) Ancient Eygypt (2) Ancient Assyria and Babylonia (3) Ancient Israel (4) Ancient Greece (5) Ancient Rome
13
The land known as the ________ between two great rivers, the _____ and the ________, was ruled by two powerful empires, _____ in the north and _____ in the south.
fertile crescent Tigris and Euphrates Assyria Babylon
14
These kingdoms were in power for approximately 26 centuries, from about 2900 B.C. until the invasion by the ___________.
Alexander the Great in 330 B.C.
15
the nobles of Assyria went ______ in _____,______, and ____. The chase was a daily occupation, recorded for history in numerous reliefs, sculptures, and inscriptions.
lion hunting chariots, foot and spears
16
As early as the ninth century B.C., parks were established as sites for ________. They also provided settings for feasts, assemblies, and royal gatherings. On the estates of other monarchs during the ninth and tenth centuries B.C. were ______,_____ and the ________
royal party huntings vineyards, fishponds and the famed hanging gardens of Babylon
17
Although there are no wall reliefs or paintings to tell of dance as performed by the ancient Hebrews, there are abundant references to this practice in the ______. Dance was highly respected and was particularly used on occasions of celebration and triumph
Old Testament
18
Like other ancient societies, the ancient Hebrews also engaged in hunting, fishing, wrestling, and the use of such weapons as the _____ and ______ for both recreational and defensive purposes. As for leisure itself, their major contribution was to set aside the seventh day—the ______—as a time for people to rest from work and to worship.
sword and javelin Sabbath
19
Ancient Greece
In the city-states of ancient Greece, particularly in Athens during the so-called _________ from about 500 to 400 B.C., humankind reached a new peak of philosophical and cultural development.
Golden Age of Pericles
20
The amenities of life were generally restricted to the most wealthy and powerful citizens, who represented the Athenian ideal of the balanced man—a combined soldier, athlete, artist, statesman, and philosopher. This ideal was furthered through education and the various religious festivals, which occupied about 70 days of the year. The arts of ______, ______, _____, gymnastics, and athletic competition were combined in these sacred competitions
music, poetry, theater games
21
Greek Philosophy of Recreation and Leisure
_______ believed that education should be compulsory and that it should provide natural modes of amusement for children:
_______ should begin with the right direction of children’s sports. The plays of childhood have a great deal to do with the maintenance or nonmaintenance of laws.5
Plato Education
22
The Romans, however, had a different concept of leisure than the Greeks. Although the Latin words for “leisure” and “business” are,
otium and negotium
23
the Romans supported play for _____ rather than aesthetic or spiritual reasons.
utilatarian reasons
24
Romans were citizens and free men, shifted to an urban life with sharply divided classes. There were four social levels:
senator, curiae, plebs and coloni
25
Gradually it became necessary for the Roman emperors and senate to amuse and entertain the plebs; they did so with doles of grain and with public games—in other words
breads and circuses
26
the time of Emperor Tiberius (A.D. 14–37), competitive sport in the Roman Empire had become completely commercialized. To maintain political popularity and placate the bored masses, the emperors and the senate provided _______,______ and _____.
great paradise, circuses and feasts
27
The Roman games featured contests that were fought to the death between gladiators using _____, ______ and _____. Even sea battles were fought in artificially constructed lakes in the Roman arenas. Imported wild beasts, such as tigers and elephants
foot, horseback, chariots
28
Christians, in particular, were slaughtered in such games. Tacitus wrote that many were dressed in the skins of wild beasts, and exposed to be torn to pieces by dogs in the public games, were _____ , or condemned to be _____ and at nightfall serve in place of lamps to light the darkness, Nero’s own gardens being used for the purpose.6
crucified, burnt
29
Both animals and humans were maimed and butchered in cruel and horrible ways. Spectacles were often lewd and obscene, leading to mass ______, ______ , and _____ that profoundly weakened the Roman state.
debauchery, corruption and perversion
30
ruled that the rite of baptism could not be extended to those connected with the stage, and in
Council of Elvira
31
A.D. 398 the ________ excommunicated those who attended the theater on holy days.
Council of Carthage
32
The influential Benedictine order in particular insisted on the dignity of labor. Their rule read, “Idleness is the great enemy of the soul. Therefore, _.......
Idleness is the great enemy of the soul. Therefore monks should always be occupied either in manual labor or in sacred readings.