this type of obligation when not fulfilled may be enforced by the civil courts

this type of obligation cannot be enforced by law but which authorizes the retention upon voluntary payment or performance by the debtor.

It is not enforceable by the civil courts came from moral law developed by the church (Separation of Church and State)

this type of obligation when not fulfilled may be enforced by the civil courts

this type of obligation cannot be enforced by law but which authorizes the retention upon voluntary payment or performance by the debtor.

It is not enforceable by the civil courts came from moral law developed by the church (Separation of Church and State)

this type of obligation when not fulfilled may be enforced by the civil courts

(3) As a general rule when an injury is caused by the employee while performing his function, there is a presumption of negligence on the part of the employer in either the selection or supervision of the employees, it is not without an exception. (4) The presumption is rebuttable upon presentation of the employer of a proof that he observed the diligence of a good father of the family in the selection and supervision of his employee.

(3) As a general rule when an injury is caused by the employee while performing his function, there is a presumption of negligence on the part of the employer in either the selection or supervision of the employees, it is not without an exception. (4) The presumption is rebuttable upon presentation of the employer of a proof that he observed the diligence of a good father of the family in the selection and supervision of his employee.

As a general rule "There is no delay or there is no demand" thus it is necessary the exception to this rule are the following: 1. When the law so provides 2. When obligation do provides 3. When time is of the essence 4. When demand would be useless

(3) As a general rule when an injury is caused by the employee while performing his function, there is a presumption of negligence on the part of the employer in either the selection or supervision of the employees, it is not without an exception. The presumption is rebuttable upon presentation of the employer of a proof that he observed the diligence of a good father of the family in the selection and supervision of his employee.

Art. 1163 of the NCC Every person obliged to give something is also obliged to take care of it with the proper diligence of a good father of a family, unless the law or the stipulation of the parties requires another standard of care. Art. 1173 of the NCC If the law  or contact does not state the diligence which is to be observed in the performance, that which to be expected of a good father of the family shall be required.

By payment or performance Loss of the thing due (specific thing) Condonation  Merger - rights of creditor & debtor Compensation Novation Annulment  Rescission Fulfillment of resolutory condition Prescription

1.Those damages that are capable of pecuniary computation 2. Those damages that are incapable of pecuniary estimation

These are awarded to an aggrieved party to ensure that any violation of his right, any loss or injury is compensated.  

In simple term it is the non-performance or the partial fulfillment of duty by one party to another.

Art. 1163 of the NCC Every person obliged to give something is also obliged to take care of it with the proper diligence of a good father of a family, unless the law or the stipulation of the parties requires another standard of care. Art. 1173 of the NCC If the law  or contact does not state the diligence which is to be observed in the performance, that which to be expected of a good father of the family shall be required.

Art. 1163 of the NCC Every person obliged to give something is also obliged to take care of it with the proper diligence of a good father of a family, unless the law or the stipulation of the parties requires another standard of care. Art. 1173 of the NCC If the law  or contact does not state the diligence which is to be observed in the performance, that which to be expected of a good father of the family shall be required.

In simple term it is the non-performance or the partial fulfillment of duty by one party to another.

In simple term it is the non-performance or the partial fulfillment of duty by one party to another.

Did the person in doing his alleged negligent act use the reasonable care  and caution which an ordinary prudent  person would have used in the same situation?  If the answer is in the negative then he is negligent.

In this kind of source, there is no meeting of them mind, however one party that benefitted from the act of another must indenify the other party for expenses  he had incurred in favor of the party benefitted. Basis shall be arts. 2167 and 2158 of the New Civil Code Art. 1167 – states that when a person in injured and he was helped without his consent , he shall still be liable to pay for the services of the physician or other person who aided him, unless it was gratuitously given.  Art. 1168 – when during natural calamities, such as fire, flood, storm, or other calamities, property or pieces of property was saved, the owner is bound to pay just compensation, whether or not the owner has knowledge of the act of saving.

3) The owners and managers of an establishment or enterprise, with respect to damages caused by their employees  in the service of the branches in which the latter are employed or on the occasion of their functions;    (4) Employers with respect to damages of their employees and household helpers acting within the scope of their assigned tasks, even though the former are not engaged in any business or industry.