問題一覧
1
few in number
elite
2
afford to pay well for unusual vacations
elite
3
the jet setter
elite
4
tourist adapts well to simple accommodations
offbeat
5
loves sub exotic culture sites
unusual tourist
6
looks for the amenities of western societies
incipient mass tourist
7
mixture of both pleasure seeker and business traveler
incipient mass tourist
8
comes from middle class
mass tourist
9
arrives in a destination with other tourist
mass tourist
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en masse with others
charter tourist
11
providing goods and services directly to tourist
direct employment
12
positions that are associated with other tourism-related activities
indirect employment
13
ex.shops and food wholesalers
indirect employment
14
people working in positions only peripherally
induced employment
15
ex. construction workers, merchants and professional
induced employment
16
accounting flow of goods, services, and funds
balance of payments
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may be influenced to invest in tourism
businessmen and government agencies
18
businessmen and government agencies may be influenced to invest
accelator concept
19
negative economic effect of tourism and hospitality
inflation and land values high leakages seasonality overdependence on tourism and hospitality
20
effects of tourism and hospitality can arise in different ways
inflationary
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air travel
porter service
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sea travel
cruiseship
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is important at air terminal
porter service
24
impacts or effects of tourism and hospitality
economic social cultural environmental
25
positive economic effects of tourism and hospitality
income employment balance of payments investment and development
26
as a means for reasonably quick development
tourism and hospitality
27
comes from wages and salaries
tourism income
28
is a labor intensive industry
tourism and industry
29
generated from interest, rent and profit
income
30
obtained from direct taxation
income
31
example of indirect taxation
value-added tax (VAT)
32
sum of all the income in a country
national income
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estimating how much extra income is
multipliers
34
offers more employment opportunities
tourist industry
35
generates employment faster for developing nations
tourism and hospitality
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3 types of employment
direct employment indirect employment induced employment
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that their profits can be be greatly increased
retailers
38
occurs from variety of sources
leakages
39
must be imported to satisfy the needs of tourist
leakage
40
many tourist regions experience low returns
seasonality
41
reflected in hotel occupancy rates
seasonality demands
42
highly susceptible to changes
tourism
43
decrease in demand for destination results in
underutilization of services unemployment loss of income
44
to ensure that tourism is accessible
social tourism
45
classifications of tourist
explorer elite offbeat unusual tourist incipient mass tourist mass tourist charter tourist
46
active participant observer
explorer
47
positive social effects of tourism and hospitality
-create social change and multicultural understanding -encourages adaptation to the realities of modern life and improvement of the host country's lifestyle -promotes the use of foreign language - improved health conditions and disease control
48
negative social effects of tourism and hospitality
-changes in the Social structure, behaviour, and roles -community problems -negative demonstrative effects
49
changes that occur in a culture through borrowing from other cultures
acculturation
50
tendency of world cultures to become more alike
cultural convergence
51
postive cultural effects
intercultural communication renaissance of native culture
52
prerequisite of tourism and hospitality
mobility
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necessary for different social groups
mobility
54
positive environmental impacts of tourism and hospitality
conservation development of attractions
55
development of attractions
historic preservation resident benefits
56
negative environmental impacts of tourism
environmental conflicts geological conflicts resident conflicts
57
which includes both public and private sectors
travel industry
58
define travel industry as the composite of organizations
gee, choy and makens (1997)
59
direct providers to traveller
travel agency hotel retail shops restaurants airlines ground transportation
60
support services directly to direct providers
contract food services contract laundry food suppliers tour organizers travel publications
61
support services indirectly to the traveller
contract food services contract laundry food suppliers tour organizers travel publications
62
tourism developmental
planners government agencies financial instutions real estate developers educational and vocational training institutions
63
includes business that are associated with travel
direct providers
64
provide services, activities, and products that are consumed and purchased directly by travelers
direct providers
65
lend support to direct providers
support services
66
included specialized services such as tour organizers
support services
67
includes basic supplies and services such as contract laundry
support services
68
it includes planner, government agencies, financial institutions
tourism developmental organizations
69
which tend to be more complex and broader
tourism developmental organizations
70
tourism and hospitality supply components
natural resources infrastructure supersfructure transportation and transportation equipment hospitality resources
71
an area for the use and enjoyment of such as climate
natural resources
72
consists of all underground and surface developmental construction
infrastructure
73
is the above ground facility services
superstructure
74
include items such as ships, airplanes, buses
transportation and transportation equipment
75
include the cultural wealth of an area
hospitality resources
76
examples are welcoming spirit of tourist business
hospitality resources
77
physical characteristics of an natural resources
natural scenery climate environment
78
provide an excellent asset to sell to the tourist
natural resources
79
combination of the general topography
natural scenery
80
the average course or condition of the weather
climate
81
is determined by the wind chill factor
comfortable cold climate
82
used to express how temperature feels to the exposed skin
chill factor
83
is determined by the combination of humidity, temperature and wind
comfortable warm climate
84
consist of all underground and surface developmental construction
infrastructure
85
infrastructure
water power communication sewage/drainage healthcare streets/highways transportations terminals (general, air, rail,bus) security
86
refer to the general feeling of being welcomed
hospitality resources
87
aims to motivate service providers to be hospitable
hospitality training
88
3 aspects of attitudes
-attitude toward self -attitude toward others -attitude toward the tourism and hospitality industry
89
is a paramount importance in developing tourism
transportation
90
land travel
taxi and limousine service bus service rail service
91
is a major factor in tourism and hospitality
sea travel
92
floating resorts or floatels
cruise ships
93
according to the price the guest are willing to pay
accommodations
94
categories of tourist accommodations
hotels condominiums motels inns apartments paradors pension bread and breakfast accommodations hostels campgrounds health spas private homes
95
hotel classification
location type of guest price/tariff plan star category
96
most of the tourist dollar is spent in
food and beverage
97
are establishments offering refreshments/meals
restaurants
98
basic standard requirement of restaurants
-the facades and architectural features of the building shall be appropriately designed -the dining room shall be adequate in size, with sufficient and well-maintained furniture -there shall be a cuisine of good quality and presentation served with distinction -adequate number of well trained, experienced, efficient and courteous staff shall be employed
99
includes marketing efforts and hospitality processes
hospitality trends
100
reachng your target audience
hospitality trends