nutrition chapter 7

60問 • 1年前

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Up to what percentage of an adult's healthy body weight is fluid?

What is the function of synovial fluid?

lubricates body joints

Which is NOT a symptom of low blood pressure?

stroke

Water has a high heat capacity. What does this term mean?

Water is relatively resistant to an increase in temperature.

Water functions as an excellent solvent, which means that

it is capable of dissolving a wide variety of substances.

Which of the following statements about the movement of substances across the cell membrane is TRUE?

Water freely moves across the cell membrane.

Which of the following will likely result if the concentration of electrolytes outside the cell is higher than in the intracellular environment?

The cell will shrink and dry up.

Ian is hospitalized for dehydration after experiencing severe vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following is NOT associated with lan's dehydrated condition?

The extracellular electrolyte concentration will be very low.

What is the primary reason we sweat?

to regulate body temperature

MOST water is lost daily via the

kidneys

The ability of a muscle to contract and relax is dependent on the flow of what substance out of and into its storage site in the muscle cell?

calcium

The "command center" of fluid intake is located in the

hypothalamus.

Which of the following stimulates the thirst mechanism?

dryness of the mouth and throat tissues

Which of the following is an example of insensible water loss?

respiration

Which of the following can contribute to dehydration?

diarrhea

Hyponatremia is associated with

overhydration.

Diets high in sodium are associated with

hypertension

Matt has just been diagnosed with hypertension, and his physician has instructed him to reduce his sodium intake. Which of the following would be good advice for Matt?

Snack on fresh fruits and vegetables instead of salty snacks.

The water that comes from lakes, rivers, and reservoirs is characterized as what kind of water?

surface

Diets rich in which of the following nutrients are associated with maintaining healthy blood pressure levels?

potassium

Which of the following individuals is at greatest risk for hyperkalemia?

an individual with kidney disease

The majority of dietary chloride is consumed from

the salt in foods.

Which is NOT a function of chloride?

used in public water supplies to kill harmful bacteria

The majority of our body's phosphorus is stored in the

bones

Widely distributed in many foods, phosphorous is especially abundant in foods high in

protein

Mary is 19 years old. She drinks the recommended intake of 2.2 liters of water and other beverages a day. About how many cups is this equivalent to?

9 cups

On average, which of the following individuals would have the highest percentage of body water?

35-year-old lean man

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding phosphorus?

On average, Americans do not consume enough phosphorus in their diets.

Which of the following foods contains the lowest amount of sodium?

a medium fresh orange

Which of the following is a diuretic?

alcohol

Which of the following is NOT a major function of sodium?

contributes to the mineral complex of bone

Which of the following do sodium and potassium NOT have in common?

Rich sources of both include fresh fruits and vegetables.

Which of the following does NOT explain why infants have a higher risk of dehydration than healthy young and middle-aged adults?

Infants have a lower proportion of body water than adults.

What is fluid that flows between the cells of tissues and

interstitial fluid

Which of the following does NOT describe tissue fluid?

fluid that is found in the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism to maintain the body's internal temperature?

Warmed fluids from the body's surface return to the body's core, thus heating the body.

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane toward solutes is called

osmosis

After completing a 10K run, Bonita notices that her urine is brown and similar to the color of cola. What does this indicate about Bonita's hydration status?

She is suffering from severe dehydration and needs treatment immediately.

The two electrolytes most important in enabling nerves to respond to stimuli are sodium and

potassium.

One consequence of hypernatremia is

swelling of tissues in the brain.

The United States agency that sets and monitors standards for city water systems is the

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Which of the following substances is characterized by its ability to move freely and adapt to the shape of the vessel that contains it?

a fluid

A condition characterized by dangerously high potassium levels in the blood is

hyperkalemia.

potentially fatal condition characterized by the failure of the body's heat-regulating mechanisms is

heat stroke

Which of the following is a substance that increases fluid loss via the urine?

diuretic

The major intracellular positively charged electrolyte is

potassium

A condition characterized by very high blood sodium levels is

hypernatremia.

The GI flora

can help release the phosphorus in plant foods.

Bert goes to the gym and works out strenuously for about 45 minutes. After his exercise session he weighs himself and notices that he has lost a pound. How much fluid should he drink to rehydrate his body?

3 cups

The release of which of the following nutrients from muscle cell storage sites stimulates muscle contraction?

calcium

The MOST serious type of heat illness is heat

stroke

Although chloride deficiency is rare, it is most likely to occur in a person experiencing

chronic vomiting.

The swelling of tissues associated with hypernatremia is known as

edema

Which of the following individuals will benefit the MOST from consuming a sports beverage?

athlete who exercises intensely for more than one hour

Sports beverages are a combination of fluid, carbohydrate, and

electrolytes.

A water-treatment method in which water is filtered through a screen to eliminate chemical contaminants and microorganisms is known as

micron filtration.

Which of the following is the MOST effective method used in removing waterborne microorganisms from bottled water?

reverse osmosis

Which of the following beverages provides protein, unsaturated fatty acids, calcium, and usually vitamin D?

soy milk

You are more likely to experience a potentially dangerous sudden surge of caffeine in your bloodstream when you drink

a cola soft drink

Which of the following beverages qualifies as a sugary drink?

a bottled tea drink sweetened with honey

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問題一覧

Up to what percentage of an adult's healthy body weight is fluid?

What is the function of synovial fluid?

lubricates body joints

Which is NOT a symptom of low blood pressure?

stroke

Water has a high heat capacity. What does this term mean?

Water is relatively resistant to an increase in temperature.

Water functions as an excellent solvent, which means that

it is capable of dissolving a wide variety of substances.

Which of the following statements about the movement of substances across the cell membrane is TRUE?

Water freely moves across the cell membrane.

Which of the following will likely result if the concentration of electrolytes outside the cell is higher than in the intracellular environment?

The cell will shrink and dry up.

Ian is hospitalized for dehydration after experiencing severe vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following is NOT associated with lan's dehydrated condition?

The extracellular electrolyte concentration will be very low.

What is the primary reason we sweat?

to regulate body temperature

MOST water is lost daily via the

kidneys

The ability of a muscle to contract and relax is dependent on the flow of what substance out of and into its storage site in the muscle cell?

calcium

The "command center" of fluid intake is located in the

hypothalamus.

Which of the following stimulates the thirst mechanism?

dryness of the mouth and throat tissues

Which of the following is an example of insensible water loss?

respiration

Which of the following can contribute to dehydration?

diarrhea

Hyponatremia is associated with

overhydration.

Diets high in sodium are associated with

hypertension

Matt has just been diagnosed with hypertension, and his physician has instructed him to reduce his sodium intake. Which of the following would be good advice for Matt?

Snack on fresh fruits and vegetables instead of salty snacks.

The water that comes from lakes, rivers, and reservoirs is characterized as what kind of water?

surface

Diets rich in which of the following nutrients are associated with maintaining healthy blood pressure levels?

potassium

Which of the following individuals is at greatest risk for hyperkalemia?

an individual with kidney disease

The majority of dietary chloride is consumed from

the salt in foods.

Which is NOT a function of chloride?

used in public water supplies to kill harmful bacteria

The majority of our body's phosphorus is stored in the

bones

Widely distributed in many foods, phosphorous is especially abundant in foods high in

protein

Mary is 19 years old. She drinks the recommended intake of 2.2 liters of water and other beverages a day. About how many cups is this equivalent to?

9 cups

On average, which of the following individuals would have the highest percentage of body water?

35-year-old lean man

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding phosphorus?

On average, Americans do not consume enough phosphorus in their diets.

Which of the following foods contains the lowest amount of sodium?

a medium fresh orange

Which of the following is a diuretic?

alcohol

Which of the following is NOT a major function of sodium?

contributes to the mineral complex of bone

Which of the following do sodium and potassium NOT have in common?

Rich sources of both include fresh fruits and vegetables.

Which of the following does NOT explain why infants have a higher risk of dehydration than healthy young and middle-aged adults?

Infants have a lower proportion of body water than adults.

What is fluid that flows between the cells of tissues and

interstitial fluid

Which of the following does NOT describe tissue fluid?

fluid that is found in the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism to maintain the body's internal temperature?

Warmed fluids from the body's surface return to the body's core, thus heating the body.

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane toward solutes is called

osmosis

After completing a 10K run, Bonita notices that her urine is brown and similar to the color of cola. What does this indicate about Bonita's hydration status?

She is suffering from severe dehydration and needs treatment immediately.

The two electrolytes most important in enabling nerves to respond to stimuli are sodium and

potassium.

One consequence of hypernatremia is

swelling of tissues in the brain.

The United States agency that sets and monitors standards for city water systems is the

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Which of the following substances is characterized by its ability to move freely and adapt to the shape of the vessel that contains it?

a fluid

A condition characterized by dangerously high potassium levels in the blood is

hyperkalemia.

potentially fatal condition characterized by the failure of the body's heat-regulating mechanisms is

heat stroke

Which of the following is a substance that increases fluid loss via the urine?

diuretic

The major intracellular positively charged electrolyte is

potassium

A condition characterized by very high blood sodium levels is

hypernatremia.

The GI flora

can help release the phosphorus in plant foods.

3 cups

The release of which of the following nutrients from muscle cell storage sites stimulates muscle contraction?

calcium

The MOST serious type of heat illness is heat

stroke

Although chloride deficiency is rare, it is most likely to occur in a person experiencing

chronic vomiting.

The swelling of tissues associated with hypernatremia is known as

edema

Which of the following individuals will benefit the MOST from consuming a sports beverage?

athlete who exercises intensely for more than one hour

Sports beverages are a combination of fluid, carbohydrate, and

electrolytes.

A water-treatment method in which water is filtered through a screen to eliminate chemical contaminants and microorganisms is known as

micron filtration.

Which of the following is the MOST effective method used in removing waterborne microorganisms from bottled water?

reverse osmosis

Which of the following beverages provides protein, unsaturated fatty acids, calcium, and usually vitamin D?

soy milk

You are more likely to experience a potentially dangerous sudden surge of caffeine in your bloodstream when you drink

a cola soft drink

Which of the following beverages qualifies as a sugary drink?

a bottled tea drink sweetened with honey