GLASS

21問 • 2年前

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are used in textiles and for material reinforcement. In spun form, glass fibers form glass wool, which is used for acoustical and thermal insulation.

GLASS FIBER

is used to control light transmission, glare, and solar radiation.

GLASS BLOCK

s fabricated by drawing the molten glass from a furnace (drawn glass), or by forming a cylinder, dividing it lengthwise, and flattening it (cylinder glass). The fire- polished surfaces are not perfectly parallel, resulting in some distortion of vision. To minimize this distortion, glass should be glazed with the wave distortion running horizontally.

SHEET GLASS

is formed by rolling molten glass into a plate that is subsequently ground and polished after cooling. Plate glass provides virtually clear, undistorted vision

PLATE GLASS

is manufactured by pouring molten glass onto a surface of molten tin and allowing it to cool slowly. The resulting flat, parallel surfaces minimize distortion and eliminate the need for grinding and polishing. Float glass is the successor to plate glass and accounts for the majority of flat-glass production.

FLOAT GLASS

is annealed glass that is reheated to just below the softening point and then rapidly cooled to induce compressive stresses in the surfaces and edges of the glass and tensile stresses in the interior. Tempered glass has three to five times the resistance of annealed glass to impact and thermal stresses but cannot be altered after fabrication. When fractured, it breaks into relatively harmless pebble- sized particles.

TEMPERED GLASS

is flat or patterned glass having a square or diamond wire mesh embedded within it to prevent shattering in the event of breakage or excessive heat. Wired glass is considered a safety glazing material and may be used to glaze fire doors and windows.

WIRED GLASS

has a linear or geometric surface pattern formed in the rolling process to obscure vision or to diffuse light.

PATTERN GLASS

has one or both sides acid-etched or sandblasted to obscure vision. Either process weakens the glass and makes it difficult to clean.

OBSCURE GLASS

is an opaque glass for concealing the structural elements in curtain wall construction, produced by fusing a ceramic frit to the interior surface of tempered or heat-strengthened glass.

SPANDREL GLASS

has a thin, translucent metallic coating to reflect a portion of the light and radiant heat that strike it. The coating may be applied to one surface of single glazing, in between the plies of laminated glass, or to the exterior or interior surfaces of insulating glass.

REFLECTIVE GLASS

are straight, slender pieces of metal having one end pointed and the other enlarged and flattened for hammering into wood or other building materials as a fastener.

NAIL

are metal fasteners having tapered, helically threaded shanks and slotted heads, designed to be driven into wood or th like by turning, as with a screwdriver. Because of their threaded shafts, screws have greater holding power than nails, and are more easily removable. The more threads they have per inch, the greater their gripping strength. Screws are classified by use, type of head, material, length and diameter.

CREW

threaded metal pins or rods, usually having a head at one end, designed to be inserted through holes in assembled parts and secured by a mating nut. Carriage bolts are used where the head may be inaccessible to the placement of a nut or where an exceptionally long bolt would be needed to penetrate a joint fully.

BOLTS

are specially constructed to prevent a nut from shaking loose

LOCK WASHER

areanchorboltshavinga split casing that expands mechanically to engage the sides of a hole drilled in masonry or concrete.

EXPANSION BOLT

is a trademark for a brand of expansion bolt having a split, sleevelike sheath threaded so that turning the bolt draws the ends of the sheath together and spreads the sides to engage a hole drilled in masonry or the inner surface of a hollow wall.

MOLLY

are lead or plastic sleeves inserted into a predrilled hole and expanded by driving a bolt or screw into it.

EXPANSION SHIELD

areusedtofastenmaterialsto plaster, gypsum board and other thin wall materials. They have two hinged wings that close against a spring when passing through a predrilled hole and open as they emerge to engage the inner surface of a hollow wall.

TOGGLE BOLT

aremetalpinsthatareusedforpermanentlyjoining two or more structural steel members by passing a headed shank through a hole in each piece and hammering down the plain end to form a second head. Their use has been largely superseded by the less labor-intensive techniques of bolting or welding.

RIVETS

used when a joint is accessible from one side only, have an explosive-filled shank that is detonated by striking the head with a hammer to expand the shank on the far side of the hole.

EXPLOSIVE RIVETS

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ユーザ名非公開 · 10問 · 3年前

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